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Từ Vựng cho IELTS (Học Thuật) - Toán học và Thống kê

Ở đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh về nguyên nhân và kết quả, như "suy luận", "dọc", "phân đoạn", v.v. cần thiết cho kỳ thi IELTS.

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Bắt đầu học
Words for Academic IELTS
graph
graph
[Danh từ]

a visual representation of the relationship between quantities, shown as points plotted relative to axes

đồ thị, biểu đồ

đồ thị, biểu đồ

Ex: The teacher drew a graph to show the students' test scores. 
sign
sign
[Danh từ]

the property of a number indicating whether it is positive or negative, excluding zero

dấu, dấu đại số

dấu, dấu đại số

Ex: The sign of 5 is positive. 
deduction
deduction
[Danh từ]

the action or process of taking an amount away from a total

khấu trừ, giảm trừ

khấu trừ, giảm trừ

Ex: Deduction helps calculate how much is left after spending money. 
mathematically
mathematically
[Trạng từ]

in accordance with mathematical rules

một cách toán học

một cách toán học

Ex: The solution to the problem was mathematically accurate. 
mathematician
mathematician
[Danh từ]

someone who is a specialist or expert in mathematics

nhà toán học, chuyên gia toán học

nhà toán học, chuyên gia toán học

Ex: The mathematician worked late into the night on his latest theory. 
parallel
parallel
[Tính từ]

having an equal distance from each other at every point

song song, cách đều

song song, cách đều

Ex: The two lines on the graph are parallel, indicating no change in their relationship. 
probability
probability
[Danh từ]

(mathematics) a number representing the chances of something specific happening

xác suất

xác suất

Ex: The probability of rolling a six on a fair die is one-sixth. 
problem
problem
[Danh từ]

a question that can be answered by mathematics or logical thinking

vấn đề, câu đố

vấn đề, câu đố

Ex: In the competition, each team had to solve the same set of problems 
scale
scale
[Danh từ]

the size, amount, or degree of one thing compared with another

quy mô, mức độ

quy mô, mức độ

Ex: The scale of the earthquake was so immense that it caused widespread damage across the region. 
square
square
[Danh từ]

the second exponent of any given number produced when multiplied by itself

bình phương, lũy thừa hai

bình phương, lũy thừa hai

vertical
vertical
[Tính từ]

positioned at a right angle to the horizon or ground, typically moving up or down

thẳng đứng

thẳng đứng

Ex: The skyscraper's vertical lines gave it a sleek and modern appearance. 
set
set
[Danh từ]

(mathematics) a group of things that belong together because of having some similarities

tập hợp, nhóm

tập hợp, nhóm

Ex: A set can include numbers, letters, or other items that share a common feature. 
axis
axis
[Danh từ]

the central point or line around which an object turns

trục, trục quay

trục, trục quay

Ex: The Earth spins on its axis once every twenty-four hours. 
bracket
bracket
[Danh từ]

each of the two symbols [ ] used to indicate that the enclosed numbers or words should be considered separately

dấu ngoặc vuông, ngoặc vuông

dấu ngoặc vuông, ngoặc vuông

Ex: In mathematical expressions, brackets [ ] are used to group terms or indicate priority in operations. 
equation
equation
[Danh từ]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

phương trình

phương trình

Ex: In algebra, solving equations involves finding the values of variables that satisfy the equality stated. 
to deduce
to deduce
[Động từ]

to determine by a process of logical reasoning

suy luận, kết luận

suy luận, kết luận

Ex: From the evidence presented, the detective deduced the likely sequence of events. 
formula
formula
[Danh từ]

(mathematics) a rule or law represented in symbols, letters, or numbers

công thức

công thức

Ex: The quadratic formula provides a method for finding the roots of a quadratic equation. 
function
function
[Danh từ]

(mathematics) a quantity whose value changes according to another quantity's varying value

hàm số

hàm số

Ex: In calculus, a function represents a relationship between input and output variables, often denoted as f(x). 
ratio
ratio
[Danh từ]

the result of dividing one number, quantity, or expression by another

tỷ lệ, tỷ số

tỷ lệ, tỷ số

Ex: The ratio of 10 to 2 is 5. 
segment
segment
[Danh từ]

(geometry) a part of a circle that is separated from the rest by a line

phân đoạn, phần của hình tròn

phân đoạn, phần của hình tròn

Ex: A circle is divided into several segments by two radii and the arc between them. 
asymmetric
asymmetric
[Tính từ]

not having identical parts facing each other or around an axis

không đối xứng

không đối xứng

Ex: The asymmetric shape of the abstract sculpture challenged viewers' perceptions, with its irregular forms and angles. 
induction
induction
[Danh từ]

the process of deriving a general principle from specific observations or instances

quy nạp, suy luận quy nạp

quy nạp, suy luận quy nạp

Ex: Scientists used induction to conclude that all swans in the region were white. 
to divide
to divide
[Động từ]

(mathematics) to calculate how many times a number contains another number

chia, phân chia

chia, phân chia

Ex: If you divide 10 by 2, you get 5. 
percentage
percentage
[Danh từ]

a number or amount expressed as a fraction of 100

phần trăm

phần trăm

Ex: The percentage of students who passed the exam increased significantly this year. 
algebra
algebra
[Danh từ]

a branch of mathematics in which abstract letters and symbols represent numbers in order to generalize the arithmetic

đại số

đại số

Ex: In high school, students typically begin studying algebra to learn about equations and variables. 
calculus
calculus
[Danh từ]

the branch of mathematics that comprises differentials and integrals

giải tích, phép tính

giải tích, phép tính

Ex: Calculus is used to find the area under a curve. 
geometry
geometry
[Danh từ]

the branch of mathematics that deals with the relation between the lines, angles and surfaces or the properties of the space

hình học

hình học

Ex: She studied geometry to understand the principles of shapes and angles. 
arithmetic
arithmetic
[Danh từ]

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

số học

số học

Ex: Students in elementary school learn basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. 
mean
mean
[Danh từ]

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

giá trị trung bình, trung bình cộng

giá trị trung bình, trung bình cộng

Ex: To find the mean of 4, 6, and 8, add them together and divide by 3. 
variable
variable
[Danh từ]

(mathematics) a quantity that is capable of assuming different values in a calculation

biến số

biến số

Ex: In algebra, variables such as x, y, and z represent quantities that can vary or change in value. 
normal distribution

a function that shows the probability of variables in a symmetrical and bell-shaped graph

phân phối chuẩn, phân phối Gauss

phân phối chuẩn, phân phối Gauss

correlation coefficient

(statistics) a measure used to show how strong is the relationship between two sets of data or variables

hệ số tương quan, chỉ số tương quan

hệ số tương quan, chỉ số tương quan

dependent variable

(statistics) a variable whose value is determined by the value of another variable in a function

biến phụ thuộc, biến được giải thích

biến phụ thuộc, biến được giải thích

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