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Словарный запас для IELTS Academic (Оценка 8-9) - Religion

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с религией, которые необходимы для академического экзамена IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
gospel
gospel
[существительное]

a set of teachings or principles of a religious group considered authoritative or generally accepted within that group

евангелие

евангелие

Ex: Followers adhere to the gospel of their faith. 
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apostle
apostle
[существительное]

any one of the twelve disciples of Jesus

апостол

апостол

Ex: Peter, also known as Simon Peter, was one of the apostles of Jesus and is often regarded as the leader among them. 
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exorcism
exorcism
[существительное]

the religious or spiritual practice of driving out evil spirits or entities from a person or place

изгонять  дьявола

изгонять дьявола

Ex: The priest performed an exorcism to rid the house of spirits. 
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sacrilege
sacrilege
[существительное]

the act of disrespectfully treating a sacred item or place

святотатство

святотатство

Ex: Vandalizing a place of worship is considered a sacrilege by many religious communities. 
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pantheism
pantheism
[существительное]

the belief that God and the universe are one and the same, considering the entire natural world as a divine expression of God

пантеизм

пантеизм

Ex: Some proponents of pantheism find solace and a sense of awe in contemplating the vastness and complexity of the universe. 
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polytheism
polytheism
[существительное]

the belief in or worship of multiple gods or deities

многобожие

многобожие

Ex: Polytheism was a common religious belief in many ancient civilizations, such as ancient Greece, Rome, and Egypt, where various gods and goddesses were worshiped. 
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purgatory
purgatory
[существительное]

in certain Christian beliefs, a temporary state of purification for souls after death, preparing them for entry into heaven

чистилище

чистилище

Ex: In Catholic theology, believers may undergo purification in purgatory to achieve holiness before entering heaven. 
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eschatology
eschatology
[существительное]

the branch of theology concerned with the study of the end times, final events, and the ultimate destiny of humanity and the world

эсхатология, учение о последних временах

эсхатология, учение о последних временах

Ex: Eschatology in Christianity delves into beliefs about the Second Coming of Christ, the Last Judgment, and the establishment of a new heaven and earth. 
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resurrection
resurrection
[существительное]

the return to life of Christ on the third day after his death on the cross, according to the New Testament

воскрешение

воскрешение

Ex: Christians celebrate the resurrection of Jesus Christ on Easter Sunday, commemorating his victory over death and sin. 
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sanctity
sanctity
[существительное]

the state or quality of being sacred or morally pure

святость

святость

Ex: The sanctity of the temple was preserved through rituals and ceremonies that emphasized its holiness. 
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commandment
commandment
[существительное]

one of the biblical Ten Commandments, guiding ethical conduct in religious traditions

заповедь, предписание

заповедь, предписание

Ex: The Ten Commandments, given to Moses on Mount Sinai, include fundamental commandments like "You shall not murder" and "You shall not steal." 
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creationism
creationism
[существительное]

the belief that the universe and living organisms originated through divine acts of creation, often differing from scientific explanations such as evolution

креационизм, доктрина творения

креационизм, доктрина творения

Ex: Creationism is a prominent perspective in some religious communities, influencing educational curricula and beliefs about human origins. 
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deadly sin
deadly sin
[существительное]

a severe or morally corrupting sin, traditionally one of seven sins in Christian theology, including lust, gluttony, greed, sloth, wrath, envy, and pride

смертный грех

смертный грех

Ex: Pride is considered a deadly sin, warning against excessive self-importance or arrogance. 
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doomsday
doomsday
[существительное]

a belief or prophecy predicting a catastrophic end to the world within religious traditions

судный день, конец света

судный день, конец света

Ex: In Christianity, doomsday is associated with the Second Coming of Christ and the final judgment. 
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heresy
heresy
[существительное]

a belief or opinion that contradicts the established doctrines of a religion

ересь

ересь

Ex: Galileo's support for heliocentrism was once considered heresy by the Church. 
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millenarianism
millenarianism
[существительное]

the belief, in Christian eschatology, that Christ will reign on Earth for a thousand years as described in the Book of Revelation

милленаризм, хилиазм

милленаризм, хилиазм

Ex: The sect practiced millenarianism, expecting the imminent reign of Christ. 
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paganism
paganism
[существительное]

the belief in or worship of multiple deities, often associated with nature, and typically not adhering to major world religions such as Christianity, Islam, or Judaism

язычество, многобожие

язычество, многобожие

Ex: Ancient civilizations practiced paganism, venerating a diverse array of nature gods and goddesses. 
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predestination
predestination
[существительное]

(in theology) the doctrine that all events, including human salvation or damnation, are determined in advance by God

предопределение, предначертанная судьба

предопределение, предначертанная судьба

Ex: Calvin's teachings emphasized predestination as a key element of faith. 
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abbess
abbess
[существительное]

the female head of an abbey, convent, or other religious houses of nuns

настоятельница

настоятельница

Ex: We elected Sister Margaret as our new abbess, recognizing her leadership qualities and dedication to the community. 
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abbot
abbot
[существительное]

the male spiritual leader and administrator of an abbey, monastery, or group of monasteries

настоятель

настоятель

Ex: Let us gather in the chapel to listen to the abbot's sermon, as his words always bring clarity and inspiration. 
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bishop
bishop
[существительное]

a high-ranking priest who supervises all the churches and priests in a city

епископ

епископ

Ex: The bishop presided over the ordination ceremony for the new priests in the diocese. 
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rosary
rosary
[существительное]

a set of beads used for counting prayers, especially in the Catholic tradition

розарий, чётки

розарий, чётки

Ex: During prayer, the devout Catholic gently fingers each bead on the rosary, reciting specific prayers in a prescribed order. 
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providence
providence
[существительное]

the divine guidance, care, and intervention of a higher power

провидение, божественное провидение

провидение, божественное провидение

Ex: The religious community attributed their survival in difficult times to the providence of God, believing in divine protection. 
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sectarianism
sectarianism
[существительное]

the intense devotion to a particular religious or political sect, often leading to prejudice or discrimination against members of other sects

сектантство, религиозный фанатизм

сектантство, религиозный фанатизм

Ex: Sectarianism has been a persistent challenge in regions marked by religious diversity, leading to tensions and conflicts between different religious communities. 
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agnosticism
agnosticism
[существительное]

uncertainty or lack of commitment regarding the existence of deities or the ability to know and comprehend the nature of ultimate reality

агностицизм

агностицизм

Ex: Agnosticism is marked by a humble acknowledgment that the existence of God or spiritual truths is uncertain and beyond definitive human understanding. 
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apocalypse
apocalypse
[существительное]

a catastrophic event, often with cosmic or divine origins, believed to cause widespread destruction or significant change in the world

апокалипсис, катаклизм

апокалипсис, катаклизм

Ex: Throughout history, various cultures have envisioned an apocalypse, a momentous event signaling the end of an era. 
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theosophy
theosophy
[существительное]

a religious and philosophical system that seeks to explore the mysteries of the divine and the nature of reality through a combination of spiritual insight, ancient wisdom, and esoteric teachings

теософия

теософия

Ex: Theosophy proposes a holistic understanding of spirituality, drawing inspiration from various religious and mystical traditions. 
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pantheon
pantheon
[существительное]

a monumental building dedicated to gods and goddesses

пантеон

пантеон

Ex: The Mayan civilization built impressive pantheons to honor their gods and ancestors. 
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synagogue
synagogue
[существительное]

a place of worship and religious study for Jews

синагога

синагога

Ex: The synagogue was beautifully decorated for the High Holidays, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere for worshippers. 
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hermit
hermit
[существительное]

a person who lives a very simple life in solitude as a religious practice

отшельник

отшельник

Ex: The hermit lived deep in the forest, away from the distractions of the world, devoting himself to prayer and meditation. 
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chapel
chapel
[существительное]

a small place for prayer or religious services that is separate from a main church or cathedral

часовня, молельня

часовня, молельня

Ex: The monks gathered in the chapel for morning prayers. 
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consecration
consecration
[существительное]

act or ceremony of declaring something sacred or dedicated to a divine purpose, particularly in Christianity

освящение

освящение

Ex: In certain religious traditions, the consecration of a bishop is a sacred ritual that marks the individual's appointment to a holy office within the church. 
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