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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア8-9) - Religion

ここでは、アカデミック IELTS 試験に必要な宗教に関連する英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
apostle
[名詞]

any one of the twelve disciples of Jesus

使徒 (しと), 弟子 (でし)

使徒 (しと), 弟子 (でし)

Ex: Matthew , also known as Levi , was a tax collector before becoming one of the apostles of Jesus , known for authoring the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament .
exorcism
[名詞]

the religious or spiritual practice of driving out evil spirits or entities from a person or place

エクソシズム, 除霊

エクソシズム, 除霊

sacrilege
[名詞]

the act of disrespectfully treating a sacred item or place

神聖冒涜(しんせいぼうとく), 冒涜(ぼうとく)

神聖冒涜(しんせいぼうとく), 冒涜(ぼうとく)

pantheism
[名詞]

the belief that God and the universe are one and the same, considering the entire natural world as a divine expression of God

汎神論 (はんしんろん), パンセイズム

汎神論 (はんしんろん), パンセイズム

Ex: Pantheism differs from traditional monotheism in that it does not conceive of a personal deity separate from creation but rather sees divinity as intrinsic to the natural order .
polytheism
[名詞]

the belief in or worship of multiple gods or deities

多神教 (たしんきょう), 多神信仰 (たしんしんこう)

多神教 (たしんきょう), 多神信仰 (たしんしんこう)

Ex: Polytheism often involves rituals and ceremonies dedicated to honoring different deities .
purgatory
[名詞]

in certain Christian beliefs, a temporary state of purification for souls after death, preparing them for entry into heaven

煉獄(れんごく), 清めの場(きよめのば)

煉獄(れんごく), 清めの場(きよめのば)

Ex: Purgatory is often associated with the idea of God 's mercy and the opportunity for spiritual refinement beyond earthly life .
eschatology
[名詞]

the branch of theology concerned with the study of the end times, final events, and the ultimate destiny of humanity and the world

終末論 (しゅうまつろん), エスカトロジー

終末論 (しゅうまつろん), エスカトロジー

resurrection
[名詞]

the return to life of Christ on the third day after his death on the cross, according to the New Testament

復活 (ふっかつ), 再生 (さいせい)

復活 (ふっかつ), 再生 (さいせい)

sanctity
[名詞]

the state or quality of being sacred or morally pure

神聖さ, 聖性

神聖さ, 聖性

commandment
[名詞]

one of the biblical Ten Commandments, guiding ethical conduct in religious traditions

戒律 (かいりつ), 掟 (おきて)

戒律 (かいりつ), 掟 (おきて)

creationism
[名詞]

the belief that the universe and living organisms originated through divine acts of creation, often differing from scientific explanations such as evolution

創造論, クリエイション主義

創造論, クリエイション主義

deadly sin
[名詞]

a severe or morally corrupting sin, traditionally one of seven sins in Christian theology, including lust, gluttony, greed, sloth, wrath, envy, and pride

死の罪 (しのつみ), 大罪 (だいざい)

死の罪 (しのつみ), 大罪 (だいざい)

doomsday
[名詞]

a belief or prophecy predicting a catastrophic end to the world within religious traditions

終末の日 (しゅうまつのひ), 裁きの日 (さばきのひ)

終末の日 (しゅうまつのひ), 裁きの日 (さばきのひ)

heresy
[名詞]

an opinion that is profoundly against the official principles of a particular religion

異端 (いたん), 邪教 (じゃきょう)

異端 (いたん), 邪教 (じゃきょう)

a belief system that anticipates a profound transformation of society, often associated with the coming of a messianic age or a thousand-year reign (millennium) of peace and righteousness

ミレニアリズム, 千年王国思想

ミレニアリズム, 千年王国思想

paganism
[名詞]

the belief in or worship of multiple deities, often associated with nature, and typically not adhering to major world religions such as Christianity, Islam, or Judaism

異教徒信仰(いきょうとしんこう), 多神教(たしんきょう)

異教徒信仰(いきょうとしんこう), 多神教(たしんきょう)

the belief, often associated with certain religious doctrines, that all events, including the ultimate destiny of individuals, are predetermined by a divine power or force

予定調和, 予定運命

予定調和, 予定運命

abbess
[名詞]

the female head of an abbey, convent, or other religious houses of nuns

女院長 (じょいんちょう), アベス

女院長 (じょいんちょう), アベス

Ex: They often turn to abbess for guidance and support , knowing that her words carry great weight .
abbot
[名詞]

the male spiritual leader and administrator of an abbey, monastery, or group of monasteries

寺院長(じいんちょう), 修道院長(しゅうどういんちょう)

寺院長(じいんちょう), 修道院長(しゅうどういんちょう)

Ex: abbot presided over the chapter meetings , where important decisions regarding the community were made and disciplinary matters were addressed .
bishop
[名詞]

a high-ranking priest who supervises all the churches and priests in a city

司教(しきょう), ビショップ

司教(しきょう), ビショップ

rosary
[名詞]

a set of beads used for counting prayers, especially in the Catholic tradition

ロザリオ, 数珠

ロザリオ, 数珠

providence
[名詞]

the divine guidance, care, and intervention of a higher power

神意 (しんい), 摂理 (せつり)

神意 (しんい), 摂理 (せつり)

sectarianism
[名詞]

the intense devotion to a particular religious or political sect, often leading to prejudice or discrimination against members of other sects

宗派主義 (しゅうはしゅぎ), 宗教的セクタリズム (しゅうきょうてきせくたりずむ)

宗派主義 (しゅうはしゅぎ), 宗教的セクタリズム (しゅうきょうてきせくたりずむ)

agnosticism
[名詞]

uncertainty or lack of commitment regarding the existence of deities or the ability to know and comprehend the nature of ultimate reality

不可知論 (ふかちろん), アグノスティicism

不可知論 (ふかちろん), アグノスティicism

Ex: agnosticism was rooted in the belief that the question of whether deities exist is beyond human comprehension and should remain an open-ended inquiry .
apocalypse
[名詞]

a catastrophic event, often with cosmic or divine origins, believed to cause widespread destruction or significant change in the world

黙示録 (もくしろく), 終末 (しゅうまつ)

黙示録 (もくしろく), 終末 (しゅうまつ)

Ex: The concept of apocalypse is not limited to religious contexts ; it can also be found in science fiction , exploring scenarios of global catastrophe .
theosophy
[名詞]

a religious and philosophical system that seeks to explore the mysteries of the divine and the nature of reality through a combination of spiritual insight, ancient wisdom, and esoteric teachings

神智学 (しんちがく), 神秘主義 (しんぴしゅぎ)

神智学 (しんちがく), 神秘主義 (しんぴしゅぎ)

pantheon
[名詞]

a monumental building dedicated to gods and goddesses

パンテオン, 神殿

パンテオン, 神殿

synagogue
[名詞]

a place of worship and religious study for Jews

シナゴーグ, ユダヤ教の礼拝所

シナゴーグ, ユダヤ教の礼拝所

hermit
[名詞]

a person who lives a very simple life in solitude as a religious practice

隠者(いんじゃ), 世捨て人(よすてびと)

隠者(いんじゃ), 世捨て人(よすてびと)

consecration
[名詞]

act or ceremony of declaring something sacred or dedicated to a divine purpose, particularly in Christianity

聖別(せいべつ), 奉献(ほうけん)

聖別(せいべつ), 奉献(ほうけん)

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