Vetenskap ACT - Elektromagnetism och Mekanik

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till elektromagnetism och mekanik, såsom "vridmoment", "anod", "vridpunkt" etc. som kommer att hjälpa dig att klara dina ACT.

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voltage [Substantiv]

total potential energy provided by a power source

spänning

Ex: This power outlet delivers 120V, but your device needs 240V.

Det här uttaget levererar 120V, men din enhet behöver 240V.

resistor [Substantiv]

an electrical component designed to limit or control the flow of electric current in a circuit, typically by providing resistance

motstånd

Ex: In electronic circuits , resistors are commonly used to regulate the flow of current and protect sensitive components .

I elektroniska kretsar används motstånd vanligtvis för att reglera strömflödet och skydda känsliga komponenter.

circuit [Substantiv]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

krets

Ex: The electrical circuit is designed to power the light bulb when the switch is turned on.

Den elektriska kretsen är utformad för att driva glödlampan när strömbrytaren är påslagen.

semiconductor [Substantiv]

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

halvledare

superconductivity [Substantiv]

a phenomenon where certain materials conduct electricity without resistance when cooled to extremely low temperatures

superledning

Ex: Scientists are researching new materials to achieve superconductivity at higher temperatures .

Forskare undersöker nya material för att uppnå superledningsförmåga vid högre temperaturer.

to electrify [Verb]

to apply an electric charge to a conductor

elektrifiera

Ex: The technician used a special device to electrify the metal rod for the experiment .

Teknikern använde en speciell anordning för att elektrifiera metallstången för experimentet.

electrode [Substantiv]

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

elektrod

anode [Substantiv]

a positively charged electrode in an electrical device where oxidation occurs, resulting in the release of electrons

anod

Ex: The anode of the X-ray tube emits electrons when heated , producing X-rays for medical imaging .

Anoden i rörröret avger elektroner när den värms upp och producerar röntgenstrålar för medicinsk bildtagning.

cathode [Substantiv]

a negatively charged electrode within an electrical device, from which electrons flow out into the external circuit

katod

Ex: The cathode of the battery supplies electrons to the external circuit when the device is in use .

Batteriets katod tillför elektroner till den externa kretsen när enheten är i bruk.

static electricity [Substantiv]

a form of electricity generated by friction between two materials, resulting in an imbalance of electric charges on their surfaces

statisk elektricitet

Ex: When you shuffle your feet on a carpet , static electricity builds up , causing a shock when you touch a doorknob .

När du drar fötterna över en matta, byggs statisk elektricitet upp, vilket orsakar en stöt när du rör vid en dörrhandtag.

rechargeable [adjektiv]

(of a battery or device) capable of being supplied with electrical power again

uppladdningsbar

Ex: The flashlight runs on rechargeable batteries .

Ficklampan drivs av uppladdningsbara batterier.

generator [Substantiv]

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

generator

Ex: The hydroelectric generator harnesses the power of flowing water to produce electricity for nearby communities .

Den hydroelektriska generatorn utnyttjar kraften från rinnande vatten för att producera el för närliggande samhällen.

solar cell [Substantiv]

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

solcell

Ex: A solar cell , also known as a photovoltaic cell , converts sunlight directly into electricity .

En solcell, även känd som en fotovoltaisk cell, omvandlar solljus direkt till el.

solar irradiance [Substantiv]

the amount of solar energy received per unit area on Earth's surface

solstrålning

radiation [Substantiv]

energy transmitted through space or matter in the form of waves or particles

Ex: The sun emits radiation that warms the Earth .

photovoltaic [adjektiv]

related to the technology that turns sunlight directly into electricity

fotovoltaisk

Ex: Solar panels use photovoltaic cells to convert sunlight into electricity.

Solpaneler använder fotovoltaiska celler för att omvandla solljus till el.

electromagnetic [adjektiv]

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

elektromagnetisk

Ex: Light is an electromagnetic wave that can travel through a vacuum.

Ljus är en elektromagnetisk våg som kan färdas genom vakuum.

magnetic field [Substantiv]

an invisible area around a magnetic object where magnetic forces can attract or repel other objects

magnetfält

Ex: The Earth has a magnetic field that helps guide the navigation of compasses .

Jorden har ett magnetfält som hjälper till att styra kompassers navigering.

lever [Substantiv]

a long rigid bar that is put under a heavy object in order to move it

hävstång

Ex: He used a lever to lift the heavy rock from the ground .

Han använde en hävstång för att lyfta den tunga stenen från marken.

vibration [Substantiv]

the rapid back-and-forth movement of an object

vibration

Ex: The vibration of the phone on the table alerted her to an incoming call .

Telefonens vibration på bordet varnade henne för ett inkommande samtal.

fulcrum [Substantiv]

a point or support on which a lever pivots or rotates in order to lift or move objects

vridpunkt

Ex: The plank acted as a fulcrum for the seesaw , allowing the children to take turns going up and down .

Plankan fungerade som vridpunkt för gungbrädan, vilket gjorde det möjligt för barnen att turas om att gå upp och ner.

torque [Substantiv]

a rotational force measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds

vridmoment

Ex: The wrench applied torque to loosen the stubborn nut on the bolt .

Skruvnyckeln applicerade ett vridmoment för att lossa den envisa muttern på bulten.

spring constant [Substantiv]

a measure of a spring's stiffness, indicating how much force is needed to stretch or compress it

fjäderkonstant

counterweight [Substantiv]

a mass used to provide balance to another mass

motvikt

Ex: The elevator uses a counterweight to help lift and lower the car smoothly .

Hissen använder en motvikt för att hjälpa till att lyfta och sänka bilen smidigt.

supersonic [adjektiv]

having a speed greater than that of sound

supersonisk

Ex: The fighter jet can travel at supersonic speeds , making it highly agile in aerial combat .

Stridsflygplanet kan färdas i supersonisk hastighet, vilket gör det mycket smidigt i luftstrid.

aviation [Substantiv]

the study of the design, development, and operation of aircrafts, focusing on principles of aerodynamics, propulsion, and material science

flyg

robotics [Substantiv]

an area of technology that is concerned with the study or use of robots

robotik

acceleration [Substantiv]

(physics) the increase in velocity over time

acceleration

Ex: Acceleration measures how quickly an object 's speed changes .

Acceleration mäter hur snabbt ett föremåls hastighet förändras.

terminal velocity [Substantiv]

the constant speed reached by a falling object when the drag force equals the gravitational force pulling it downward, resulting in no further acceleration

terminalhastighet

Ex: Skydivers reach terminal velocity during their freefall before deploying their parachutes .

Fallskärmshoppare når terminalhastighet under sitt fritt fall innan de öppnar sina fallskärmar.

hydraulic [adjektiv]

relating to the transmission or control of fluids under pressure within confined systems or machinery

hydraulisk

Ex: Students in the hydraulic engineering program studied fluid mechanics, pipe systems, and control mechanisms.

Studenter i hydraulik ingenjörsprogrammet studerade fluidmekanik, rörsystem och kontrollmekanismer.

gravity [Substantiv]

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

gravitation

Ex: Gravity is what keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun and the Moon in orbit around the Earth .

Gravitationen är det som håller planeterna i omloppsbana runt solen och månen i omloppsbana runt jorden.

Vetenskap ACT
Physics	Elektromagnetism och Mekanik	Chemistry	Kemiska ämnen och föreningar
Biology	Biokemi och cellstruktur	Medicinsk Vetenskap	Neurologi och Blodbiokemi
Anatomi och Genetik	Sjukdomar	Zoology	Djurliv och evolution
Jordbruk och Skogsbruk	Botanik och Trädgårdsarbete	Geology	Geografi och Oceanografi
Astronomi och Rymdvetenskap