SAT词汇技能5 - 第42课

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SAT词汇技能5
nepotism [名词]
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裙带关系

Ex: In the small town , government contracts were often awarded to the mayor 's relatives , raising concerns about nepotism and corruption .

在这个小镇上,政府合同经常授予市长的亲属,引发了人们对裙带关系和腐败的担忧。

realism [名词]
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现实主义

Ex: Realism in literature often involves focusing on ordinary characters and situations , avoiding romanticized or idealized portrayals .

文学中的现实主义通常涉及关注普通人物和情境,避免浪漫化或理想化的描绘。

aphorism [名词]
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格言

Ex: Her speech was peppered with clever aphorisms .

她的演讲中点缀着巧妙的警句

pessimism [名词]
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悲观主义

Ex: She tried to overcome her pessimism by focusing on positive aspects .

她试图通过关注积极的方面来克服自己的悲观主义

mannerism [名词]
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风格主义

Ex: John 's mannerism of twirling his hair when deep in thought became a recognizable trait among his friends .

约翰在深思时捻头发的习惯在他的朋友中成了一个可识别的特征。

Americanism [名词]
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美国主义

Ex: The phrase " the American Dream " embodies Americanism , representing the belief in upward social mobility and achieving success through hard work and determination .

“美国梦”这一短语体现了美国主义,代表着对通过努力工作和决心实现社会上升流动性和成功的信念。

altruism [名词]
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利他主义

Ex: Volunteering at a local soup kitchen to help feed the homeless demonstrates altruism by giving time and effort for the benefit of others .

在当地施粥处志愿服务帮助无家可归者进食,通过为他人利益付出时间和努力展示了利他主义

plagiarism [名词]
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剽窃

Ex:

剽窃是学术写作中的严重违法行为。

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腹语术者

Ex: She became famous as a ventriloquist after winning a talent show with her skillful puppetry and comedic timing .

她凭借精湛的木偶技艺和喜剧时机赢得才艺表演后,以口技表演者的身份成名。

zeitgeist [名词]
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时代精神

Ex: The Enlightenment was characterized by a zeitgeist of reason , skepticism , and intellectual curiosity , leading to advancements in science , philosophy , and political thought .

启蒙运动以理性、怀疑主义和求知欲的时代精神为特征,导致了科学、哲学和政治思想的进步。

fatalist [名词]
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宿命论者

Ex: The fatalist refuses to take any action to prevent climate change , believing that the Earth 's destruction is inevitable regardless of human intervention .

宿命论者拒绝采取任何行动来防止气候变化,认为无论人类干预与否,地球的毁灭都是不可避免的。

masochist [名词]
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受虐狂

Ex: The masochist derives pleasure from enduring physical pain , often by engaging in activities such as piercing or tattooing .

受虐狂通过忍受身体上的痛苦来获得快感,通常通过从事穿刺或纹身等活动。

numismatist [名词]
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钱币学家

Ex: As a numismatist , she specialized in ancient Roman coins and frequently attended coin conventions to expand her collection .

作为一名钱币学家,她专门研究古罗马硬币,并经常参加硬币大会以扩大她的收藏。

oculist [名词]
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眼科医生

Ex: As an experienced oculist , she performed delicate eye surgeries , such as cataract removal and laser vision correction .

作为一名经验丰富的眼科医生,她进行了精细的眼科手术,如白内障摘除和激光视力矫正。

euthanasia [名词]
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安乐死

Ex: A family may face a difficult decision regarding euthanasia for their beloved pet who is experiencing incurable pain and suffering .

一个家庭可能面临关于对他们正在经历无法治愈的痛苦和折磨的宠物实施安乐死的艰难决定。

hysteria [名词]
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歇斯底里

Ex: The child 's tantrum bordered on hysteria after his toy broke .

玩具坏了之后,孩子的脾气近乎歇斯底里