IELTS学术词汇 (分数5) - War

在这里，你将学习一些与战争相关的英语单词，这些单词是基础学术雅思考试所必需的。

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battle

[名词]

a fight between opposing armed forces, particularly during a war

战斗, 战役

Ex: The generals strategized to minimize casualties in the upcoming battle.将军们制定了策略，以尽量减少即将到来的**战斗**中的伤亡。

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combat

[名词]

a fight between different military forces during a war

战斗, 战役

Ex: Medics risk their lives to save others on the combat field .

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captain

[名词]

a military officer with a rank above that of a lieutenant and below that of a major

上尉, 队长

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commander

[名词]

an officer in charge of a military operation or a group of soldiers

指挥官, 司令

Ex: In times of crisis , the commander's calm demeanor and quick decision-making were crucial to their survival .在危机时刻，**指挥官**冷静的举止和快速的决策对他们的生存至关重要。

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cavalry

[名词]

a group of soldiers in an army who fight by armored vehicles

骑兵, 装甲部队

Ex: The cavalry's armored vehicles provided crucial support to the infantry .**骑兵**的装甲车辆为步兵提供了关键支持。

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general

[名词]

a high-ranking officer in the army, Air Force, or Marines

将军, 高级军官

Ex: The general received numerous accolades for his service , including the Medal of Honor , the highest military decoration .**将军**因其服务获得了无数荣誉，包括最高军事勋章荣誉勋章。

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tactics

[名词]

the art or science of employing military forces and strategies in order to achieve victory over an enemy

战术, 战略

Ex: The art of war is all about developing effective tactics to outmaneuver the opponent .战争的艺术在于制定有效的**战术**以智胜对手。

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resistance

[名词]

organized military efforts to fight against and oppose an enemy force, especially to stop their invasion or control

Ex: The documentary honored civilians who joined the armed resistance against occupation .

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army

[名词]

a country's military force trained to fight on land

军队, 陆军

Ex: The army's tanks and artillery provided crucial support during the battle .**军队**的坦克和大炮在战斗中提供了关键支持。

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spy

[名词]

someone who is employed by a government to obtain secret information on another person, country, company, etc.

间谍, 特务

Ex: The spy carefully evaded surveillance while gathering details on a confidential project .**间谍**在收集机密项目细节时小心翼翼地避开了监视。

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war zone

[名词]

a region in which a war is taking place

战区, 战争区域

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front line

[名词]

the area where opposing forces meet or engage, often in a military conflict

前线, 第一线

Ex: The front line shifted overnight as the enemy forces made a surprise advance .随着敌军突然推进，**前线**在一夜之间发生了变化。

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weapon

[名词]

an object that can physically harm someone or something, such as a gun, bomb, knife, etc.

武器, 兵器

Ex: Diplomacy is often seen as a powerful weapon in resolving international conflicts .外交常被视为解决国际冲突的有力**武器**。

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peace

[名词]

a period or state where there is no war or violence

和平

Ex: She hoped for a future where peace would prevail around the world .她希望有一个**和平**在全世界盛行的未来。

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bullet

[名词]

a small cylindrical metal object designed to be fired from a gun

子弹, 弹头

Ex: A stray bullet shattered the window , startling everyone in the room .一颗流弹打碎了窗户，吓坏了房间里的所有人。

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colonization

[名词]

the act of taking control of another country and sending people to settle there

殖民化

Ex: Space colonization is a popular theme in science fiction , like Mars settlements .

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conquest

[名词]

the act of taking possession of an area by using military force

征服

Ex: The general was celebrated for his role in the conquest, though many criticized his methods .

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reinforcement

[名词]

the additional troops or supplies sent to support an army

增援

Ex: Critics argued that sending reinforcements would only prolong the war .

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uprising

[名词]

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

起义, 暴动

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to attack

[动词]

to begin using weapons against a place or enemy during a war

攻击, 进攻

Ex: The air force unexpectedly attacked the enemy 's communication infrastructure .空军出人意料地**攻击**了敌人的通信基础设施。

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to defend

[动词]

to not let any harm come to someone or something

保卫, 保护

Ex: The antivirus software is programmed to defend the computer from malicious attacks .防病毒软件被编程用来**保护**计算机免受恶意攻击。

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to fire

[动词]

to shoot a bullet, shell, etc. from a weapon

射击, 开火

Ex: The sniper fired a single shot , silently propelling the bullet across the field .狙击手**开**了一枪，悄无声息地将子弹射过田野。

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to retreat

[动词]

(of military) to move away in order to escape the danger because one has been defeated or is weak

撤退, 退却

Ex: The forces strategically retreated to draw the enemy into less advantageous territory .部队战略性地**撤退**，以将敌人引入不太有利的领土。

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to conquer

[动词]

to gain control of a place or people using armed forces

征服, 占领

Ex: Throughout history , powerful empires sought to conquer new lands .纵观历史，强大的帝国试图**征服**新的土地。

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to bombard

[动词]

to drop bombs on someone or something continuously

轰炸, 连续轰炸

Ex: In the siege , the castle walls were bombarded by catapults and trebuchets .在围攻中，城堡的墙壁被投石机和抛石机**轰炸**。

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to capture

[动词]

to seize or get control of something by force

占领, 夺取

Ex: They captured the enemy base in a surprise attack .他们在一次突袭中**占领**了敌方基地。

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alliance

[名词]

a group of people, organizations, or political parties working together toward their common interests

联盟, 同盟

Ex: The business alliance between the two tech companies led to groundbreaking innovations .两家科技公司之间的商业**联盟**导致了突破性的创新。

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colonel

[名词]

a high-ranking officer in the army, marine corps, or air force, whose rank is between a lieutenant colonel and brigadier general

上校, 高级军官

Ex: During the ceremony , the colonel delivered a heartfelt speech , honoring the bravery and sacrifice of his soldiers .在仪式上，**上校**发表了 heartfelt 的演讲，表彰了他的士兵们的勇敢和牺牲。

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invasion

[名词]

the act of invading or entering a territory, country, or region by force or without permission, often with the intent to control or dominate the area and its inhabitants

入侵, 侵略

Ex: The historical invasion of the Roman Empire reshaped the landscape of Europe .罗马帝国的历史性**入侵**重塑了欧洲的景观。

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veteran

[名词]

a former member of the armed forces who has fought in a war

老兵, 退伍军人

Ex: She visited the VA hospital regularly to volunteer her time and support veterans in need .她定期访问VA医院，志愿奉献自己的时间并支持有需要的**退伍军人**。

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bombardment

[名词]

a continuous attack on an area using bombs