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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア5) - War

ここでは、基本的なアカデミックIELTS試験に必要な戦争に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
battle
[名詞]

a fight between opposing armed forces, particularly during a war

戦い, 戦闘

戦い, 戦闘

Ex: The generals strategized to minimize casualties in the upcoming battle.将軍たちは、今後の**戦い**での犠牲者を最小限に抑えるための戦略を立てた。
combat
[名詞]

a fight between different military forces during a war

戦闘,  戦い

戦闘, 戦い

Ex: Medics risk their lives to save others on the combat field .
captain
[名詞]

a military officer with a rank above that of a lieutenant and below that of a major

大尉, 隊長

大尉, 隊長

commander
[名詞]

an officer in charge of a military operation or a group of soldiers

指揮官, 司令官

指揮官, 司令官

Ex: In times of crisis , the commander's calm demeanor and quick decision-making were crucial to their survival .危機の際には、**指揮官**の冷静な態度と迅速な意思決定が彼らの生存に不可欠でした。
cavalry
[名詞]

a group of soldiers in an army who fight by armored vehicles

騎兵隊, 機甲部隊

騎兵隊, 機甲部隊

Ex: The cavalry's armored vehicles provided crucial support to the infantry .**騎兵隊**の装甲車両は、歩兵に決定的な支援を提供しました。
general
[名詞]

a high-ranking officer in the army, Air Force, or Marines

将軍, 高級将校

将軍, 高級将校

Ex: The general received numerous accolades for his service , including the Medal of Honor , the highest military decoration .**将軍**は、最高の軍事勲章である名誉勲章を含む、彼のサービスに対して数多くの賞賛を受けました。
tactics
[名詞]

the art or science of employing military forces and strategies in order to achieve victory over an enemy

戦術, 戦略

戦術, 戦略

Ex: The art of war is all about developing effective tactics to outmaneuver the opponent .戦争の芸術は、相手を出し抜くための効果的な**戦術**を開発することです。
resistance
[名詞]

organized military efforts to fight against and oppose an enemy force, especially to stop their invasion or control

Ex: The documentary honored civilians who joined the armed resistance against occupation .
army
[名詞]

a country's military force trained to fight on land

軍隊, 陸軍

軍隊, 陸軍

Ex: The army's tanks and artillery provided crucial support during the battle .軍の戦車と大砲は、戦闘中に決定的な支援を提供しました。
spy
[名詞]

someone who is employed by a government to obtain secret information on another person, country, company, etc.

スパイ, 秘密工作員

スパイ, 秘密工作員

Ex: The spy carefully evaded surveillance while gathering details on a confidential project .**スパイ**は機密プロジェクトに関する詳細を収集しながら、慎重に監視を回避しました。
war zone
[名詞]

a region in which a war is taking place

戦争地帯, 紛争地域

戦争地帯, 紛争地域

front line
[名詞]

the area where opposing forces meet or engage, often in a military conflict

前線, 最前線

前線, 最前線

Ex: The front line shifted overnight as the enemy forces made a surprise advance .敵軍が不意の前進をしたため、**前線**は一夜にして移動した。
weapon
[名詞]

an object that can physically harm someone or something, such as a gun, bomb, knife, etc.

武器, 兵器

武器, 兵器

Ex: Diplomacy is often seen as a powerful weapon in resolving international conflicts .外交は、国際紛争を解決する上で強力な**武器**としばしば見なされます。
peace
[名詞]

a period or state where there is no war or violence

平和

平和

Ex: She hoped for a future where peace would prevail around the world .彼女は、世界中に**平和**が広がる未来を望んでいた。
bullet
[名詞]

a small cylindrical metal object designed to be fired from a gun

弾丸, 銃弾

弾丸, 銃弾

Ex: A stray bullet shattered the window , startling everyone in the room .迷い弾が窓を粉々にし、部屋の中の全員を驚かせた。
colonization
[名詞]

the act of taking control of another country and sending people to settle there

植民地化

植民地化

Ex: Space colonization is a popular theme in science fiction , like Mars settlements .
conquest
[名詞]

the act of taking possession of an area by using military force

征服

征服

Ex: The general was celebrated for his role in the conquest, though many criticized his methods .

the additional troops or supplies sent to support an army

増援

増援

Ex: Critics argued that sending reinforcements would only prolong the war .
uprising
[名詞]

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

蜂起, 反乱

蜂起, 反乱

to attack
[動詞]

to begin using weapons against a place or enemy during a war

攻撃する, 襲撃する

攻撃する, 襲撃する

Ex: The air force unexpectedly attacked the enemy 's communication infrastructure .空軍は予期せず敵の通信インフラを**攻撃**した。
to defend
[動詞]

to not let any harm come to someone or something

守る, 防衛する

守る, 防衛する

Ex: The antivirus software is programmed to defend the computer from malicious attacks .アンチウイルスソフトウェアは、コンピューターを悪意のある攻撃から**守る**ようにプログラムされています。
to fire
[動詞]

to shoot a bullet, shell, etc. from a weapon

発砲する, 撃つ

発砲する, 撃つ

Ex: The sniper fired a single shot , silently propelling the bullet across the field .狙撃手は一発**撃ち**、静かに弾丸を野原の向こうへと飛ばした。
to retreat
[動詞]

(of military) to move away in order to escape the danger because one has been defeated or is weak

撤退する, 退却する

撤退する, 退却する

Ex: The forces strategically retreated to draw the enemy into less advantageous territory .部隊は戦略的に**撤退し**、敵をより不利な地域に引き込んだ。
to conquer
[動詞]

to gain control of a place or people using armed forces

征服する, 制圧する

征服する, 制圧する

Ex: Throughout history , powerful empires sought to conquer new lands .歴史を通じて、強力な帝国は新しい土地を**征服**しようとしました。
to bombard
[動詞]

to drop bombs on someone or something continuously

爆撃する, 連続して爆撃する

爆撃する, 連続して爆撃する

Ex: In the siege , the castle walls were bombarded by catapults and trebuchets .包囲戦で、城壁はカタパルトやトレビュシェットによって**爆撃**されました。
to capture
[動詞]

to seize or get control of something by force

占領する, 奪取する

占領する, 奪取する

Ex: They captured the enemy base in a surprise attack .彼らは奇襲攻撃で敵の基地を**占領**した。
alliance
[名詞]

a group of people, organizations, or political parties working together toward their common interests

同盟, 連合

同盟, 連合

Ex: The business alliance between the two tech companies led to groundbreaking innovations .2つのテクノロジー企業間のビジネス**同盟**は、画期的な革新をもたらしました。
colonel
[名詞]

a high-ranking officer in the army, marine corps, or air force, whose rank is between a lieutenant colonel and brigadier general

大佐, 上級将校

大佐, 上級将校

Ex: During the ceremony , the colonel delivered a heartfelt speech , honoring the bravery and sacrifice of his soldiers .式典の間、**大佐**は心のこもったスピーチを行い、彼の兵士たちの勇気と犠牲を称えました。
invasion
[名詞]

the act of invading or entering a territory, country, or region by force or without permission, often with the intent to control or dominate the area and its inhabitants

侵略, 侵入

侵略, 侵入

Ex: The historical invasion of the Roman Empire reshaped the landscape of Europe .ローマ帝国の歴史的な**侵略**は、ヨーロッパの風景を変えた。
veteran
[名詞]

a former member of the armed forces who has fought in a war

退役軍人, ベテラン

退役軍人, ベテラン

Ex: She visited the VA hospital regularly to volunteer her time and support veterans in need .彼女は定期的にVA病院を訪れ、ボランティアとして時間を割き、困っている**退役軍人**を支援しました。
bombardment
[名詞]

a continuous attack on an area using bombs

IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア5)
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