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IELTS学术词汇 (分数6-7) - 文化与习俗

在这里,你将学习一些与文化和习俗相关的英语单词,这些单词对于学术雅思考试是必要的。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
mythology
mythology
[名词]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

神话

神话

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their own mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .世界各地的许多文化都有它们自己的**神话**,这反映了它们的历史、价值观和世界观。
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cuisine
cuisine
[名词]

a method or style of cooking that is specific to a country or region

烹饪

烹饪

Ex: She appreciated the rich flavors and spices found in traditional Indian cuisine.她欣赏了传统印度**美食**中丰富的风味和香料。
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subculture
subculture
[名词]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

亚文化, 次文化

亚文化, 次文化

Ex: The punk subculture emerged in the 1970s as a rebellion against mainstream culture , with its distinctive music , fashion , and anti-establishment attitudes still prevalent among its followers today .朋克**亚文化**在20世纪70年代作为对主流文化的反叛而出现,其独特的音乐、时尚和反体制态度至今仍在追随者中盛行。
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multiculturalism

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

多元文化主义

多元文化主义

Ex: Multiculturalism is an ongoing process that requires active engagement and dialogue among individuals and communities to build a more inclusive and harmonious society .**多元文化主义**是一个持续的过程,需要个人和社区之间的积极参与和对话,以建立一个更具包容性和和谐的社会。
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assimilation
assimilation
[名词]

the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another

同化, 文化融合

同化, 文化融合

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rite
rite
[名词]

a formal or traditional act performed for a specific purpose, often in religious or cultural ceremonies

仪式, 典礼

仪式, 典礼

Ex: The warriors took part in a victory rite after battle.战士们战后参加了一个胜利**仪式**。
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architecture
architecture
[名词]

the study or art of building and designing houses

建筑学

建筑学

Ex: She was drawn to architecture because of its unique blend of creativity , technical skill , and problem-solving in the built environment .她被**建筑学**吸引是因为其在建筑环境中创造性、技术技能和问题解决的独特结合。
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etiquette
etiquette
[名词]

a set of conventional rules or formal manners, usually in the form of ethical code

礼仪

礼仪

Ex: Her etiquette at the meeting was impeccable .她在会议上的**礼仪**无可挑剔。
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festivity
festivity
[名词]

any social gathering that is celebrated in a cheerful way

庆祝活动, 节日

庆祝活动, 节日

Ex: The holiday season is filled with various festivities, from family dinners to office parties .假期季节充满了各种**庆祝活动**,从家庭晚餐到办公室派对。
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commemoration

a ceremony to honor the memory of someone or something

纪念

纪念

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heritage
heritage
[名词]

an individual's religious or ethnic background that is passed down to them from their ancestors

遗产

遗产

Ex: She learned traditional recipes from her grandmother , preserving her culinary heritage for future generations .她从祖母那里学到了传统食谱,为后代保留了她的烹饪**遗产**。
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taboo
taboo
[名词]

a topic, term, or action that is forbidden or avoided for religious or cultural reasons

禁忌, 忌讳

禁忌, 忌讳

Ex: The act of showing affection in public is a taboo in some countries .在公共场合示爱的行为在一些国家是**禁忌**。
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superstition
superstition
[名词]

an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear

迷信, 迷信的信念

迷信, 迷信的信念

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ancestry
ancestry
[名词]

the people from whom a person is descended

Ex: The ancestry of the family can be seen in old portraits .
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decorum
decorum
[名词]

behavior that conforms to accepted standards of propriety, etiquette, or social conduct

礼仪, 得体

礼仪, 得体

Ex: The teacher reminded the students to observe decorum during the assembly .老师提醒学生们在集会期间要遵守**礼仪**。
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formality
formality
[名词]

a manner that strictly observes all forms and ceremonies

形式, 礼仪

形式, 礼仪

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propriety
propriety
[名词]

the way of behaving that is considered to be morally and socially correct and acceptable

得体,  礼仪

得体, 礼仪

Ex: The guidelines were established to ensure propriety in business dealings .制定这些指导方针是为了确保商业交易中的**得体性**。
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urbanity
urbanity
[名词]

a refined politeness and sophistication in behavior and manner

文雅,  refined politeness and sophistication in behavior and manner

文雅, refined politeness and sophistication in behavior and manner

Ex: Young diplomats were often advised to emulate the urbanity of their experienced counterparts .年轻的外交官经常被建议效仿他们经验丰富的同行的**优雅风度**。
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stereotype
stereotype
[名词]

a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing

刻板印象

刻板印象

Ex: The ad challenged the stereotype that certain jobs are only for men .这则广告挑战了某些工作只适合男性的**刻板印象**。
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integration
integration
[名词]

the process of incorporating a racial, ethnic, or religious group into a broader community, society, or institution

Ex: Community centers encouraged cultural integration.
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matriarchy
matriarchy
[名词]

a society where women have primary authority and leadership roles

母权制, 母系社会

母权制, 母系社会

Ex: The household operated under a matriarchy with the grandmother in charge .这个家庭在祖母的领导下以**母系社会**的方式运作。
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patriarchy
patriarchy
[名词]

a family or kinship system in which a male serves as the head and lineage is traced through the male line

Ex: Anthropologists studied the evolution of patriarchy across cultures .
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hierarchy
hierarchy
[名词]

the grouping of people into different levels or ranks according to their power or importance within a society or system

等级制度, 层级

等级制度, 层级

Ex: The military hierarchy was rigid , with ranks ranging from general to private , each with specific duties and responsibilities .军事**等级制度**非常严格,军衔从将军到列兵不等,每个军衔都有具体的职责和责任。
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folkways
folkways
[名词]

informal social norms or customary behaviors that guide everyday life within a culture

习俗, 风俗

习俗, 风俗

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