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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 6-7) - Kultura a zvyk

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s kulturou a zvykem, která jsou nezbytná pro zkoušku Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
mythology
[Podstatné jméno]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mytologie, mýtus

mytologie, mýtus

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .
cuisine
[Podstatné jméno]

a method or style of cooking that is specific to a country or region

kuchyně, národní kuchyně

kuchyně, národní kuchyně

Ex: She appreciated the rich flavors and spices found in traditional cuisine.
subculture
[Podstatné jméno]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

subkultura, podkultura

subkultura, podkultura

Ex: The punk subculture emerged in the 1970s as a rebellion against mainstream culture, with its distinctive music, fashion, and anti-establishment attitudes still prevalent among its followers today.
multiculturalism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief that cultural diversity within a society should be respected

multikulturalismus, multikulturnost

multikulturalismus, multikulturnost

Ex: Multiculturalism is an ongoing process that requires active engagement and dialogue among individuals and communities to build a more inclusive and harmonious society .
assimilation
[Podstatné jméno]

the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another

asimilace, integrační proces

asimilace, integrační proces

rite
[Podstatné jméno]

a formal or traditional act performed for a specific purpose, often in religious or cultural ceremonies

rituál, obřad

rituál, obřad

Ex: The warriors took part in a victory rite after battle.
architecture
[Podstatné jméno]

the study or art of building and designing houses

architektura, projektování

architektura, projektování

Ex: She was drawn architecture because of its unique blend of creativity , technical skill , and problem-solving in the built environment .
etiquette
[Podstatné jméno]

a set of conventional rules or formal manners, usually in the form of ethical code

etiketa, chování

etiketa, chování

Ex: etiquette at the meeting was impeccable .
festivity
[Podstatné jméno]

any social gathering that is celebrated in a cheerful way

oslava, slavnost

oslava, slavnost

Ex: The holiday season is filled with festivities, from family dinners to office parties .
commemoration
[Podstatné jméno]

a ceremony to honor the memory of someone or something

památník, slavnostní vzpomínka

památník, slavnostní vzpomínka

heritage
[Podstatné jméno]

an individual's religious or ethnic background that is passed down to them from their ancestors

dědictví, kulturní dědictví

dědictví, kulturní dědictví

Ex: She learned traditional recipes from her grandmother , preserving her heritage for future generations .
taboo
[Podstatné jméno]

a topic, term, or action that is forbidden or avoided for religious or cultural reasons

tabu, pohoršení

tabu, pohoršení

Ex: The act of showing affection in public is taboo in some countries .
superstition
[Podstatné jméno]

an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear

pověra, supersticí

pověra, supersticí

ancestry
[Podstatné jméno]

the people that a person is descended from

předci, původ

předci, původ

Ex: The festival celebrated the ancestry of the local community , highlighting traditions and customs passed down through generations .
decorum
[Podstatné jméno]

the quality of being proper or appropriate in behavior or appearance

slušnost, etiketa

slušnost, etiketa

Ex: The company requires employees to maintain a decorum.
formality
[Podstatné jméno]

a manner that strictly observes all forms and ceremonies

formalita, obřadnost

formalita, obřadnost

propriety
[Podstatné jméno]

the way of behaving that is considered to be morally and socially correct and acceptable

rovnost, slušnost

rovnost, slušnost

Ex: The guidelines were established to propriety in business dealings .
urbanity
[Podstatné jméno]

a refined politeness and sophistication in behavior and manner

městský život, sophistikovanost

městský život, sophistikovanost

Ex: Young diplomats were often advised to emulate urbanity of their experienced counterparts .
stereotype
[Podstatné jméno]

a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing

stereotyp, šablona

stereotyp, šablona

Ex: The ad challenged stereotype that certain jobs are only for men .
integration
[Podstatné jméno]

the action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a community

integrační proces, integrace

integrační proces, integrace

matriarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

a society where women have primary authority and leadership roles

matriarchát, matriarchie

matriarchát, matriarchie

Ex: The household operated under matriarchy with the grandmother in charge .
patriarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

a social system in which the father or the eldest male is in charge of the family and his possessions or power are passed to a male heir

patriarchát, otcismus

patriarchát, otcismus

Ex: Patriarchy harms not only women but also men , as it restricts the full expression of human potential and perpetuates harmful notions of masculinity that prioritize dominance and control .
hierarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

the grouping of people into different levels or ranks according to their power or importance within a society or system

hierarchie, uspořádání

hierarchie, uspořádání

Ex: The hierarchy was rigid , with ranks ranging from general to private , each with specific duties and responsibilities .
folkways
[Podstatné jméno]

informal social norms or customary behaviors that guide everyday life within a culture

zvyky, obyčeje

zvyky, obyčeje

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