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健康与疾病 - 皮肤疾病和问题

在这里,您将学习一些与皮肤疾病和问题相关的英语单词,如“痤疮”、“酒渣鼻”和“狼疮”。

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acne
[名词]

a skin condition in which small red spots appear on the face or the neck, mainly affecting teenagers

痤疮

痤疮

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pemphigus
[名词]

a rare disease where painful blisters form on the skin and inside the mouth due to the body's immune system attacking healthy cells

天疱疮, 一种罕见疾病,由于身体的免疫系统攻击健康细胞,导致皮肤和口腔内部形成疼痛的水疱

天疱疮, 一种罕见疾病,由于身体的免疫系统攻击健康细胞,导致皮肤和口腔内部形成疼痛的水疱

Ex: Pemphigus causes painful blisters on the skin, making it a challenging condition.**天疱疮**会导致皮肤上出现疼痛的水泡,使其成为一种具有挑战性的疾病。
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an autoimmune condition characterized by the sudden onset of hair loss in well-defined patches on the scalp or other parts of the body

斑秃, 圆形脱发

斑秃, 圆形脱发

Ex: Wearing hats or scarves may be chosen by those with alopecia areata for coverage .患有**斑秃**的人可能会选择戴帽子或围巾来遮盖。
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psoriasis
[名词]

a chronic skin disorder causing thick, red, and scaly patches due to rapid skin cell overproduction

银屑病

银屑病

Ex: Individuals with psoriasis may experience itching and discomfort .患有**银屑病**的人可能会感到瘙痒和不适。
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a chronic skin condition causing red, itchy rashes often starting in childhood

特应性皮炎, 特应性湿疹

特应性皮炎, 特应性湿疹

Ex: Atopic dermatitis symptoms can worsen if scratching persists .如果持续抓挠,**特应性皮炎**的症状可能会恶化。
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a condition characterized by episodic narrowing of the blood vessels in the fingers and toes, resulting in reduced blood flow and color changes in the affected areas

雷诺现象, 雷诺综合征

雷诺现象, 雷诺综合征

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hives
[名词]

raised, itchy welts on the skin, often triggered by factors like allergies or stress

荨麻疹, 皮疹

荨麻疹, 皮疹

Ex: Sun exposure can sometimes trigger hives in sensitive individuals .阳光照射有时会引发敏感个体的**荨麻疹**。
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a genetic skin condition characterized by blistering and fragility of the skin

大疱性表皮松解症, 遗传性皮肤起泡和脆弱症状

大疱性表皮松解症, 遗传性皮肤起泡和脆弱症状

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rosacea
[名词]

a chronic skin condition that causes redness, swelling, and small bumps similar to acne

酒渣鼻,  玫瑰痤疮

酒渣鼻, 玫瑰痤疮

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a chronic skin condition that causes painful, inflamed nodules and abscesses in the skin's sweat glands

化脓性汗腺炎, 汗腺化脓性炎症

化脓性汗腺炎, 汗腺化脓性炎症

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scleroderma
[名词]

a rare autoimmune disease that causes skin and tissue hardening, affecting internal organs

硬皮病, 系统性硬化症

硬皮病, 系统性硬化症

Ex: Scleroderma may cause difficulty in moving joints due to stiffness.
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vitiligo
[名词]

a skin condition characterized by the loss of pigmentation, resulting in white patches on the skin due to the destruction of melanocytes

白癜风

白癜风

Ex: Vitiligo affects people of all ages and ethnicities.**白癜风**影响所有年龄和种族的人。
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ichthyosis
[名词]

a genetic skin disorder characterized by the formation of thick, dry, and scaly skin, often resembling fish scales

鱼鳞病, 鱼鳞状皮肤遗传病

鱼鳞病, 鱼鳞状皮肤遗传病

Ex: Individuals with ichthyosis may require regular exfoliation to reduce scaling .患有**鱼鳞病**的个体可能需要定期去角质以减少鳞屑。
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a rare genetic disorder that affects the nails and can cause thickened, abnormally shaped nails, as well as other skin and oral abnormalities

先天性厚甲症, 伴有先天性厚甲症的外胚层发育不良

先天性厚甲症, 伴有先天性厚甲症的外胚层发育不良

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cold sore
[名词]

a small, painful blister that typically appears on or around the lips, caused by the herpes simplex virus

唇疱疹, 冷疮

唇疱疹, 冷疮

Ex: Cold sores caused by the herpes simplex virus can recur periodically .由单纯疱疹病毒引起的**唇疱疹**可能会定期复发。
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blister
[名词]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

水泡, 疱

水泡, 疱

Ex: In severe cases , large or infected blisters may require medical attention to prevent complications and promote healing .在严重的情况下,大或感染的**水泡**可能需要医疗关注以防止并发症并促进愈合。
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a rough, scaly patch on the skin caused by too much sun exposure and could turn into skin cancer

光化性角化病, 日光性角化病

光化性角化病, 日光性角化病

Ex: Using protective clothing like hats helps prevent actinic keratosis on the face and neck .
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carbuncle
[名词]

a painful, swollen cluster of connected boils on the skin, typically caused by a bacterial infection

痈, 疼痛的疖子群

痈, 疼痛的疖子群

Ex: Over-the-counter pain relievers can help with carbuncle discomfort .非处方止痛药可以帮助缓解**痈**的不适。
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eczema
[名词]

a very common skin condition that causes one's skin to become dry, red, itchy, and bumpy

湿疹

湿疹

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frostbite
[名词]

a serious injury resulting from excessive exposure to severely cold weather or things, causing the freezing of the nose, toes, fingers, etc.

冻伤, 霜冻伤害

冻伤, 霜冻伤害

Ex: The doctor explained how to recognize the signs of frostbite to avoid serious injury .医生解释了如何识别**冻伤**的迹象以避免严重受伤。
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cellulitis
[名词]

a bacterial skin infection causing redness, swelling, and tenderness due to a skin break

蜂窝织炎, 细菌性皮肤感染

蜂窝织炎, 细菌性皮肤感染

Ex: Red streaks may indicate cellulitis spreading and need prompt attention .红色条纹可能表明**蜂窝织炎**正在扩散,需要立即关注。
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lupus
[名词]

a chronic autoimmune disease causing inflammation and diverse symptoms like joint pain and skin rashes

狼疮, 慢性自身免疫性疾病

狼疮, 慢性自身免疫性疾病

Ex: Sun exposure can trigger lupus flare-ups in some individuals.阳光照射可能引发某些人的**狼疮**发作。
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melasma
[名词]

a skin condition causing brown or gray-brown patches, often on the face, linked to hormonal changes or sun exposure

黄褐斑, 妊娠斑

黄褐斑, 妊娠斑

Ex: The dermatologist prescribed a lightening cream to address melasma.皮肤科医生开了一种美白霜来治疗**黄褐斑**。
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skin inflammation caused by contact with irritants or allergens, resulting in redness, itching, and in some cases blistering

接触性皮炎, 接触性湿疹

接触性皮炎, 接触性湿疹

Ex: Common irritants , like certain soaps , may trigger contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals .常见的刺激物,如某些肥皂,可能会在敏感个体中引发**接触性皮炎**。
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wart
[名词]

a small, often hard elevation on the skin that is caused by an infection or a virus

疣, 皮肤小突起

疣, 皮肤小突起

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a long-term skin condition causing red, itchy, and flaky patches, commonly on the scalp and face

脂溢性湿疹, 脂溢性皮炎

脂溢性湿疹, 脂溢性皮炎

Ex: Dermatologists can recommend treatments for seborrheic eczema symptoms .皮肤科医生可以推荐治疗**脂溢性湿疹**症状的方法。
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a skin condition causing small, rough bumps on arms, thighs, cheeks, or buttocks

毛周角化病, 毛囊角化病

毛周角化病, 毛囊角化病

Ex: Keratosis pilaris is not harmful but can be a cosmetic concern .**毛周角化症**无害,但可能是一个美容问题。
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ringworm
[名词]

a contagious fungal infection of the skin or scalp, characterized by circular, red, and itchy rashes with a raised, defined border

癣, 皮肤真菌感染

癣, 皮肤真菌感染

Ex: Children are often prone to getting ringworm, especially in communal settings like schools .儿童经常容易患上**癣**,尤其是在学校这样的公共环境中。
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impetigo
[名词]

a contagious bacterial skin infection causing red sores that turn into yellowish-brown crusts

脓疱病, 传染性细菌性皮肤感染

脓疱病, 传染性细菌性皮肤感染

Ex: Impetigo is common in young children, especially those in close quarters like daycare.**脓疱病**在幼儿中很常见,尤其是在日托所等密闭空间中的幼儿。
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herpes
[名词]

a viral infection causing painful sores, often around the genital or oral areas, due to the herpes simplex virus

疱疹

疱疹

Ex: Annual screenings are recommended for those at risk of genital herpes.建议有生殖器**疱疹**风险的人进行年度筛查。
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bedsore
[名词]

injuries to areas of skin and underlying tissue, usually over a bony prominence, as a result of prolonged pressure on the skin

褥疮, 压疮

褥疮, 压疮

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a condition characterized by inflammation and cracks at the corners of the mouth, often caused by a combination of factors including infection, dryness, and nutritional deficiencies

口角炎, 嘴角裂

口角炎, 嘴角裂

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dermatitis
[名词]

a general term referring to inflammation of the skin, often causing redness, itching, and various skin conditions

皮炎

皮炎

Ex: Scratching can worsen dermatitis, leading to more irritation and redness .抓挠会加重**皮炎**,导致更多的刺激和发红。
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nettle rash
[名词]

a skin condition marked by itchy, raised welts caused by an allergic reaction or other triggers

荨麻疹, 风疹块

荨麻疹, 风疹块

Ex: Allergic reactions to certain foods can lead to sudden nettle rash.对某些食物的过敏反应会导致突然的**荨麻疹**。
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cellulite
[名词]

a condition where the skin on certain parts of the body appears dimpled or lumpy, caused by underlying fat deposits and connective tissue

脂肪团

脂肪团

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