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托福高级词汇 - Experimentation

在这里,你将学习一些关于实验的英语单词,如“论文”、“经验的”、“烧杯”等,这些都是托福考试所需要的。

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测验

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL

the process of creating a scientific experiment and checking the results to determine something usually in a lab

实验

实验

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to verify
[动词]

to examine the truth or accuracy of something

验证, 确认

验证, 确认

Ex: Jane had to verify her identity with a photo ID at the bank .简不得不在银行用照片身份证**核实**她的身份。
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thesis
[名词]

a statement that someone presents as a topic to be argued or examined

论文, 提议

论文, 提议

Ex: The scientist proposed the thesis that the presence of a certain enzyme is correlated with the development of the disease .科学家提出了**论点**,即某种酶的存在与疾病的发展相关。
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theoretical
[形容词]

concerned with understanding and explaining phenomena rather than directly applying them to real-world situations

理论的, 抽象的

理论的, 抽象的

Ex: As a theoretical linguist , he spent decades developing hypotheses about language acquisition rather than testing applied methods .作为一名**理论**语言学家,他花了几十年的时间发展关于语言习得的假设,而不是测试应用方法。
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protocol
[名词]

a set of rules based on which medical treatments or scientific experiments are performed

协议, 程序

协议, 程序

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experimental
[形容词]

relating to or involving scientific experiments, especially those designed to test hypotheses or explore new ideas

实验性的

实验性的

Ex: The experimental aircraft is equipped with advanced technology for testing aerodynamic principles .这架**实验性**飞机配备了先进技术,用于测试空气动力学原理。
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empirical
[形容词]

based upon observations or experiments instead of theories or ideas

经验的, 实验的

经验的, 实验的

Ex: The decision was based on empirical observations rather than speculation or opinion .该决定是基于**经验**观察而非推测或意见。
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to disprove
[动词]

to show that something is false or incorrect

反驳, 证明...是错误的

反驳, 证明...是错误的

Ex: The lawyer attempted to disprove the witness 's testimony .律师试图**反驳**证人的证词。
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correlation
[名词]

a mutual connection or relation between two or more things

相关性,  相互关系

相关性, 相互关系

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to provide supporting evidence for a theory, statement, etc.

证实, 确证

证实, 确证

Ex: DNA evidence corroborated the suspect 's involvement in the burglary .DNA证据**证实**了嫌疑人与入室盗窃案的关联。
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to correlate
[动词]

to be closely connected or have mutual effects

相关, 相互关联

相关, 相互关联

Ex: Employee satisfaction surveys aim to identify factors that correlate with higher workplace morale .员工满意度调查旨在识别与更高工作场所士气**相关**的因素。
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solid proof or evidence that supports a theory or statement

确证, 证实

确证, 证实

Ex: Bank records served as corroboration for the defendant 's claim of financial transactions .银行记录作为被告关于金融交易的**确证**。
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an experiment during which only one Variable is changed to realize the effect of it on the experiment

受控实验, 对照实验

受控实验, 对照实验

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beaker
[名词]

a container usually made of glass or plastic used in chemistry and laboratory

烧杯, 实验室容器

烧杯, 实验室容器

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a piece of equipment used in a laboratory that can burn gas and create flames

本生灯, 本生燃烧器

本生灯, 本生燃烧器

Ex: The students used the Bunsen burner to heat the test tubes during the experiment .学生们在实验中使用**本生灯**加热试管。
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a method used for measuring how old an organic material is by calculating the amount of carbon they contain

碳测年, 碳14测年

碳测年, 碳14测年

Ex: The team applied carbon dating to the wooden structure to verify its period of construction .团队对木结构应用了**碳定年法**以验证其建造时期。
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a controlled scientific experiment in which the effectiveness and safety of a medical treatment is measured by testing it on people

临床试验, 临床研究

临床试验, 临床研究

Ex: The clinical trial showed promising outcomes , with a significant improvement in patient recovery rates .**临床试验**显示出有希望的结果,患者康复率显著提高。
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to dissect
[动词]

to analyze something systematically and thoroughly by breaking it down into its individual elements or components

剖析, 细致分析

剖析, 细致分析

Ex: He dissected the design , focusing on how each element contributed to the overall aesthetic .他**剖析**了设计,专注于每个元素如何为整体美学做出贡献。
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to falsify
[动词]

to prove a statement or theory to be false or incorrect

伪造, 反驳

伪造, 反驳

Ex: The forensic analysis falsified the witness 's testimony .法医分析**伪造**了证人的证词。
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finding
[名词]

the act of discovering something

发现

发现

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the process of categorizing things or people

分类,  归类

分类, 归类

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to randomize
[动词]

to employ a method in an experiment that gives every entity an equal chance of being considered; to arrange things in a random order

随机化, 随机排列

随机化, 随机排列

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statistic
[名词]

a number or piece of data representing measurements or facts

统计, 统计数据

统计, 统计数据

Ex: The statistics revealed that a large percentage of people prefer to work from home.**统计**数据显示,很大比例的人更喜欢在家工作。
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to bias
[动词]

to unfairly influence or manipulate something or someone in favor of one particular opinion or point of view

偏袒, 带有偏见地操纵

偏袒, 带有偏见地操纵

Ex: The advertising campaign was designed to bias consumers towards buying their product over competitors ' .广告活动旨在**偏袒**消费者购买他们的产品而非竞争对手的产品。
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case study
[名词]

a recorded analysis of a person, group, event or situation over a length of time

案例研究, 个案研究

案例研究, 个案研究

Ex: The environmentalist conducted a case study on the effects of deforestation on local wildlife populations .环保主义者对森林砍伐对当地野生动物种群的影响进行了**案例研究**。
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analytical
[形容词]

describing a method for understanding things through the use of logic and detailed thinking

分析的

分析的

Ex: An analytical essay critically examines a topic by presenting evidence and logical arguments .**分析性**文章通过提出证据和逻辑论证来批判性地审视一个主题。
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procedure
[名词]

a particular set of actions conducted in a certain way

程序, 方法

程序, 方法

Ex: Safety procedures must be followed in the laboratory .实验室中必须遵循安全**程序**。
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analysis
[名词]

a methodical examination of the whole structure of something and the relation between its components

分析, 系统检查

分析, 系统检查

Ex: The engineer conducted a thorough analysis of the bridge 's structural integrity .工程师对桥梁的结构完整性进行了彻底的**分析**。
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methodical
[形容词]

done in a careful, systematic, and organized manner

有条不紊的, 系统化的

有条不紊的, 系统化的

Ex: She tackled the daunting task of organizing her closet with a methodical approach , sorting items by category and systematically decluttering .她以**有条不紊**的方式处理了整理衣橱这一艰巨任务,按类别分类物品并系统地清理。
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