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Interchange - Upper-intermediate - Unit 7 - Part 1

Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 7 - Part 1 in the Interchange Upper-Intermediate coursebook, such as "generate", "famine", "decompose", etc.

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Interchange - Upper-intermediate
to waste
to waste
[Verb]

to use something without care or more than needed

Ex: She tends to waste water by leaving the faucet running while brushing her teeth. 
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to generate

to cause or give rise to something

Ex: The artist's provocative work generated controversy and debate, challenging societal norms and perceptions. 
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average
average
[Adjective]

calculated by adding a set of numbers together and dividing this amount by the total number of amounts in that set

Ex: His average score in math class is 85%. 
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to produce

to make something using raw materials or different components

Ex: How did you manage to produce a meal so quickly? 
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plastic
plastic
[noun]

a light substance produced in a chemical process that can be formed into different shapes when heated

Ex: Many household items, such as containers and toys, are made from plastic. 
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bottle
bottle
[noun]

a glass or plastic container that has a narrow neck and is used for storing drinks or other liquids

Ex: He used a spray bottle to mist the plants with water. 
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to decompose

to break down into simpler parts or substances

Ex: Organic matter can decompose into nutrient-rich soil. 
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to throw away

to get rid of what is not needed or wanted anymore

Ex: I will throw away the old magazines cluttering the living room. 
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to end up
to end up
[Verb]

to eventually reach or find oneself in a particular place, situation, or condition, often unexpectedly or as a result of circumstances

Ex: Despite careful planning, we somehow ended up getting lost in the unfamiliar city. 
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to supply
to supply
[Verb]

to provide something needed or wanted

Ex: The grocery store will supply fresh produce and other essentials to the community. 
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to feed
to feed
[Verb]

to give food to a person or an animal

Ex: During our camping trip, we were warned not to feed the wild animals. 
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to vote
to vote
[Verb]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

Ex: Citizens regularly vote in elections to choose their representatives. 
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council
council
[noun]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

Ex: She was elected to serve on the local council. 
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contaminated
contaminated
[Adjective]

made impure or polluted by harmful substances, bacteria, or viruses

Ex: The contaminated water supply was unfit for drinking due to high levels of bacteria. 
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toxic
toxic
[Adjective]

consisting of poisonous substances

Ex: The toxic fumes emitted by the factory posed a serious threat to the health of nearby residents. 
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chemical
chemical
[Adjective]

concerning or used in the scientific field of chemistry

Ex: Chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms to form new substances. 
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lack
lack
[noun]

the absence or insufficiency of something, often implying a deficiency or shortage

Ex: The lack of rainfall this year has affected crop production. 
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maintenance

the act of keeping something in good condition or proper working condition

Ex: Regular maintenance extends the life of a car. 
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to displace

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

Ex: The conflict in the region has continued to displace thousands of families. 
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rental
rental
[noun]

the act of giving money to be able to use something like an apartment, house, car, or special equipment that is owned by another person

Ex: The rental of the apartment includes all utilities. 
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due to
due to
[preposition]

as a result of a specific cause or reason

Ex: The flight delay was due to heavy fog at the airport. 
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as a result
as a result
[Adverb]

used to indicate the outcome of a preceding action or situation

Ex: He worked hard on his studies, and as a result, he achieved top grades in the class. 
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because of
because of
[preposition]

used to introduce the reason of something happening

Ex: He missed the bus because of the traffic jam. 
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through
through
[preposition]

used to indicate movement into one side and out of the opposite side of something

Ex: The cat slipped through the fence and disappeared into the bushes. 
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global
global
[Adjective]

regarding or affecting the entire world

Ex: The pandemic has had a global impact on public health, economies, and daily life. 
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unemployment

the state of being without a job

Ex: She struggled with unemployment after being laid off from her job at the factory. 
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famine
famine
[noun]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

Ex: Many children were orphaned as a result of the famine. 
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global warming

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

Ex: Scientists link global warming to rising sea levels. 
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government

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

Ex: The government implemented new policies to improve the country's healthcare system and make it more accessible to all citizens. 
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corruption

illegal and dishonest behavior of someone, particularly one who is in a position of power

Ex: The investigation revealed widespread corruption within the government, with officials taking bribes. 
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infectious disease

an illness that can be transmitted from one person, animal, or object to another, and can spread quickly through a community

Ex: Vaccines help prevent many infectious diseases. 
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violence
violence
[noun]

a crime that is intentionally directed toward a person or thing to hurt, intimidate, or kill them

Ex: He was arrested for using violence against a stranger. 
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political
political
[Adjective]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

Ex: Political debates often revolve around issues such as taxation, healthcare, and national security. 
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unrest
unrest
[noun]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

Ex: The government’s decision sparked widespread unrest across the country. 
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poverty
poverty
[noun]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

Ex: Many families in the area live in poverty and struggle to access basic services. 
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recession
recession
[noun]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

Ex: During the recession, many businesses were forced to close, leading to widespread job losses. 
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to float
to float
[Verb]

to be in motion on a body of water or current of air at a slow pace

Ex: As the paper boat was set adrift, it started to float lazily along the tranquil pond. 
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factory
factory
[noun]

a building or set of buildings in which products are made, particularly using machines

Ex: The automobile factory produces thousands of cars each month. 
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to pump
to pump
[Verb]

to make gas or liquid move in a certain direction using a mechanical action

Ex: He had to pump air into the bicycle tires to ensure a smooth ride. 
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to ignore
to ignore
[Verb]

to intentionally pay no or little attention to someone or something

Ex: Despite the repeated warnings, he chose to ignore the safety guidelines. 
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law
law
[noun]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

Ex: Breaking the law can result in serious consequences. 
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management

the process or act of organizing or managing a group of people or an organization

Ex: Effective management is crucial for ensuring that a team meets its goals and operates smoothly. 
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publicity
publicity
[noun]

actions or information that are meant to gain the support or attention of the public

Ex: The company used social media publicity to promote its new product, generating buzz before the launch. 
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executive
executive
[noun]

a person in a high-ranking position who is responsible for making important decisions in a company or organization

Ex: She works as a senior executive in a global firm. 
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to stop
to stop
[Verb]

to not move anymore

Ex: The car stopped at the pedestrian crosswalk. 
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flight
flight
[noun]

a scheduled journey by an aircraft

Ex: He managed to catch some sleep during the long flight. 
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