كتاب Solutions - متقدم - الوحدة 9 - 9ج

one of the things that affects something or contributes to it

عامل, عنصر

(of a system, organization, etc.) a sudden and abrupt failure

انهيار, انهيار

a society that has developed its own culture and institutions in a particular period of time or place

حضارة, مدنية

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

تغير المناخ

illegal and dishonest behavior of someone, particularly one who is in a position of power

فساد, انحلال

relating to the production, distribution, and management of wealth and resources within a society or country

اقتصادي, مرتبط بالاقتصاد

related or belonging to a country or region other than your own

أجنبي, خارجي

the act of invading or entering a territory, country, or region by force or without permission, often with the intent to control or dominate the area and its inhabitants

غزو, اجتياح

referring to activities or matters within a country's borders

داخلي, داخلي

a military clash between two nations or countries, usually one that lasts long

صراع, نزاع

a situation where the number of people living in a particular area is more than the capacity of the environment to support them

الزيادة السكانية

to cause something to happen

أثار, سبب

the end or failure of something, such as an organization, system, or life

وفاة, نهاية

to guess how long something will last

قدّر, توقع

something that is a sign of another thing

دليل, علامة

to take pleasure or find happiness in something or someone

يستمتع ب, يحب

the fact of reaching what one tried for or desired

نجاح, تفوق

to gradually decrease the effectiveness, confidence, or power of something or someone

تقويض, إضعاف

a set of ideas intended to explain the reason behind the existence or occurrence of something

نظرية, عقيدة

to lose a position of power, authority, or influence, often as a result of a negative event or circumstance

يسقط, يهبط

a continuous reduction in something's amount, value, intensity, etc.

تراجع, انخفاض

to invest a specific amount of time or effort into an activity or task with dedication

يستثمر في, يخصص ل

a specific manner of considering something

وجهة نظر, رؤية

to indicate or signify something, often in a clear or explicit way

دلّ على, عنى

the last part or final stage of an occurrence or event

نهاية, خاتمة

to take part in a game or activity for fun

يلعب, يشارك

a set of actions and responsibilities that are assigned to a person or group within a specific context

دور, وظيفة

to fight or contend against someone or something, often in a physical or armed conflict

يقاوم, يحارب

to address, discuss, or focus on a particular topic or issue

يتعامل مع, يناقش

to remove someone from a position of power or authority, often through force or legal action

عزل, خلع

to make a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse or more severe

تفاقم, زاد

to deal with a given situation, especially an unpleasant one

يواجه, يحتمل

to oppress or weaken someone or something, often through harsh or repetitive action

يخنق, يضغط

to dismiss someone from their job

فصل, طرد

to increase in size, volume, or intensity, often in a gradual or steady manner

انتفخ, ازداد