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Seznam Slovíček Úrovně C2 - Linguistics

Zde se naučíte všechna základní slova pro mluvení o lingvistice, shromážděná speciálně pro studenty úrovně C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary
prolixity
[Podstatné jméno]

the fact of having an excessive number of words that results in being tedious

rozvláčnost, obšírnost

rozvláčnost, obšírnost

rhetoric
[Podstatné jméno]

the study of the rules and different methods of using language in a way that is effective

rétorika, řečnictví

rétorika, řečnictví

epithet
[Podstatné jméno]

a word or phrase applied to something to convey its character or essence in a descriptive sense

epithet, epitet

epithet, epitet

intertextuality
[Podstatné jméno]

the interconnectedness and referencing of texts, where one text refers to or influences another, creating layers of meaning and a complex web of relationships between texts

intertextualita, intertextuální vztah

intertextualita, intertextuální vztah

imbrication
[Podstatné jméno]

the overlapping and blending of language elements, such as sounds or grammatical structures, within speech or writing

imbrikace, překrývání

imbrikace, překrývání

apposition
[Podstatné jméno]

(grammar) the use of two adjacent noun phrases having the same referent that have the same syntactical role in a sentence

appozice, appozice (gramatika)

appozice, appozice (gramatika)

Ex: In the study of syntaxapposition is analyzed to see how additional information is integrated seamlessly into sentences without disrupting the flow .
portmanteau word
[Podstatné jméno]

a new word that is formed by the combination of two other words blending their meaning and sounds

portmanteau slovo, slabikářové slovo

portmanteau slovo, slabikářové slovo

syntax
[Podstatné jméno]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

syntaktika, syntax

syntaktika, syntax

morpheme
[Podstatné jméno]

(linguistics) the smallest meaningful unit of a language that does not necessarily stand alone and cannot be divided

morpém, morfém

morpém, morfém

semantics
[Podstatné jméno]

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth

sémantika, významově

sémantika, významově

lexicon
[Podstatné jméno]

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

lexikon, slovník

lexikon, slovník

anaphora
[Podstatné jméno]

(grammar) a word or phrase that refers to a preceding word or phrase

anafora, anaphore

anafora, anaphore

Ex: anaphora of " I have a dream " in Martin Luther King Jr. 's speech is one of the most iconic examples of the technique .
polysemy
[Podstatné jméno]

the phenomenon in language where a single word has multiple related meanings or senses

polysemie, vícevýznamovost

polysemie, vícevýznamovost

allophone
[Podstatné jméno]

a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language

alofon, variantní výslovnost fonému

alofon, variantní výslovnost fonému

Ex: Allophones can differ in their articulation but do not change the meaning of a word .
lexeme
[Podstatné jméno]

(linguistics) a basic linguistic unit that is meaningful and underlies a set of words which are related through inflection

lexém, lexémová jednotka

lexém, lexémová jednotka

Ex: lexemes helps in identifying patterns of word formation and usage across different linguistic contexts .
phoneme
[Podstatné jméno]

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

foném, hláska

foném, hláska

hypernym
[Podstatné jméno]

a word that is more general and encompasses a broader category of related terms

hyperonym, nadřazené slovo

hyperonym, nadřazené slovo

neologism
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of inventing a word

neologismus, novotvar

neologismus, novotvar

Ex: neologisms become part of everyday language usage , while others remain obscure or limited to specific subcultures .
suppletion
[Podstatné jméno]

the phenomenon in which an irregular form of a word, often a verb or adjective, is used instead of a regular form to express a different grammatical feature

suppletivita, substituce

suppletivita, substituce

register
[Podstatné jméno]

(linguistics) a variety of language that is used in a particular social context, based on the communicative purpose and social status of the user

register, jazzový styl

register, jazzový styl

metathesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a phonological process in which sounds or syllables in a word are rearranged or switched positions, resulting in a change in the order of phonemes or syllables within the word

metatéze, metateze

metatéze, metateze

Ex: The occurrence metathesis highlights the fluid nature of language and its capacity for phonological variation over time .
epenthesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a phonological process in which a sound or phoneme is inserted into a word, typically to break up a consonant cluster or improve phonotactic constraints

epentéza, vložení zvuku

epentéza, vložení zvuku

reduplication
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of duplicating all or part of a word or morpheme to create a new form, often with a change in meaning or grammatical function

redupikace, redublikace

redupikace, redublikace

clipping
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of shortening a word by dropping one or more syllables

klipování, krácení

klipování, krácení

hypocorism
[Podstatné jméno]

a word-formation process in which a word or name is modified to create a shorter, affectionate, or informal version, often used to express familiarity, endearment, or intimacy

hypokorismus, diminutiv

hypokorismus, diminutiv

tautology
[Podstatné jméno]

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

Tautologie, Tautologická obrat

Tautologie, Tautologická obrat

vowel harmony
[Podstatné jméno]

a phonological process in which vowels within a word or across adjacent words become more similar or assimilate to each other in terms of certain phonetic features

harmonie samohlásek, soulad samohlásek

harmonie samohlásek, soulad samohlásek

hyponym
[Podstatné jméno]

a word that represents a subset of a broader category

hyponymum, podřazený termín

hyponymum, podřazený termín

Ex: I 'm struggling to find hyponym for " love " that perfectly captures its specific meaning .
synchronic
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the study of a phenomena at a specific point in time, particularly in linguistics and social sciences, without considering historical changes

synchroniční, synchonní

synchroniční, synchonní

diachronic
[Přídavné jméno]

related to the study or analysis of phenomena or changes over time, particularly within linguistics or historical contexts

diachronní, diachronický

diachronní, diachronický

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