Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Términos y dichos lingüísticos

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alias

[Sustantivo]

an alternative name a person sometimes uses instead of one’s real name

alias

Ex: During his undercover mission , he was forced to use an alias to infiltrate the organization .Durante su misión encubierta, se vio obligado a usar un **alias** para infiltrarse en la organización.

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adage

[Sustantivo]

a short, memorable saying that expresses a common observation or truth about life

adagio

Ex: In times of adversity , he finds solace in the adage " this too shall pass , " reminding himself that difficult situations are temporary .En tiempos de adversidad, encuentra consuelo en el **adagio** "esto también pasará", recordándose a sí mismo que las situaciones difíciles son temporales.

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appellation

[Sustantivo]

a name, title, or term used to identify and distinguish a person, place, or thing

denominación, apelativo

Ex: She disliked the appellation given to her by the press .Ella desaprobaba la **apelación** que la prensa le había dado.

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aphorism

[Sustantivo]

a concise, memorable statement that expresses a general truth, principle, or observation, often witty or philosophical

aforismo

Ex: Philosophers often use aphorisms to distill complex ideas .Los filósofos a menudo utilizan **aforismos** para destilar ideas complejas.

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apothegm

[Sustantivo]

a clever and concise expression that contains a general truth or principle

apotegma

Ex: The motivational speaker ’s speech was peppered with apothegms that resonated with the audience .El discurso del orador motivacional estaba salpicado de **aforismos** que resonaron con la audiencia.

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argot

[Sustantivo]

a special set of words or expressions used by a particular group, often to keep communication private or exclusive

argot, jerga

Ex: The prison argot was incomprehensible to new inmates .La **jerga** penitenciaria era incomprensible para los nuevos reclusos.

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banter

[Sustantivo]

the act of saying something in a smart and humorous manner in order to make fun of something or someone

bromas

Ex: Their banter masked a deep mutual respect .Su **broma** ocultaba un profundo respeto mutuo.

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digression

[Sustantivo]

a deviation from the main subject under focus or discussion

digresión

Ex: He used the digression to lighten the mood .Usó la **digresión** para aligerar el ambiente.

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litany

[Sustantivo]

a long and repetitive account, list, or recital, often of complaints or problems

letanía

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neologism

[Sustantivo]

the process of inventing a word

neologismo

Ex: Some neologisms become part of everyday language usage , while others remain obscure or limited to specific subcultures .Algunos **neologismos** se convierten en parte del uso cotidiano del lenguaje, mientras que otros permanecen oscuros o limitados a subculturas específicas.

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onomatopoeia

[Sustantivo]

a word that mimics the sound it represents

onomatopeya

Ex: The use of onomatopoeia adds vividness and immediacy to descriptive writing .El uso de **onomatopeya** añade viveza e inmediatez a la escritura descriptiva.

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patois

[Sustantivo]

a local or regional form of a language, often considered less formal or standard than the official version

patois, dialecto

Ex: The poet incorporated local patois into her verses .La poeta incorporó el **patois** local en sus versos.

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preamble

[Sustantivo]

an introductory or preliminary section of a book, statute, document, etc. giving information about its purpose

prólogo

Ex: The legal brief began with a preamble that clarified the case 's background and significance .El escrito legal comenzó con un **preámbulo** que aclaraba los antecedentes y la importancia del caso.

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query

[Sustantivo]

a request for information or clarification, often in the form of a question

consulta, pregunta

Ex: The journalist 's query was ignored by the spokesperson .La **consulta** del periodista fue ignorada por el portavoz.

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simile

[Sustantivo]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

símil

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .El uso que hace el poeta de un **símil** que compara las estrellas con diamantes en el cielo añade un toque de belleza y brillo al paisaje nocturno.

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tautology

[Sustantivo]

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

tautología

Ex: Writers and speakers are often advised to avoid tautology to ensure their communication is clear and concise without unnecessary repetition .A menudo se aconseja a los escritores y oradores que eviten la **tautología** para asegurar que su comunicación sea clara y concisa sin repetición innecesaria.

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treatise

[Sustantivo]

a long and formal piece of writing about a specific subject

tratado

Ex: The medical researcher authored a treatise on infectious diseases , detailing new treatments and prevention methods .El investigador médico escribió un **tratado** sobre enfermedades infecciosas, detallando nuevos tratamientos y métodos de prevención.

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maxim

[Sustantivo]

a short statement or phrase that encapsulates a general truth, principle, or rule of behavior, often offering guidance or wisdom

máxima

Ex: " A penny saved is a penny earned " is a maxim advocating frugality and the importance of saving money ."Un centavo ahorrado es un centavo ganado" es una **máxima** que aboga por la frugalidad y la importancia de ahorrar dinero.

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delineation

[Sustantivo]

a visual or verbal representation of something

descripción

Ex: The documentary provided a clear delineation of the events leading up to the war .El informe ofreció una **delineación** aguda del problema.

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entreaty

[Sustantivo]

a request made with sincerity or desperation

ruego

Ex: His sincere entreaty for forgiveness resonated deeply with her , and she decided to give him another chance .La **súplica** del prisionero por clemencia cayó en oídos sordos.

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it is an ill wind that blows no one any good

[Oración]

used to express that even an undesirable situation will often benefit someone

Ex: His injury was unfortunate, but it gave him time to write his book—an ill wind that blows no one any good.

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one swallow does not make a summer

[Oración]

used to indicate that a single occurrence or piece of evidence is insufficient to establish a trend or draw a firm conclusion

Ex: Winning one game does not guarantee success for the entire season.One swallow does not make a summer in sports.

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to put the cart before the horse

[Frase]

to not do things in order

Ex: Launching a marketing campaign without understanding your target audience is like putting the cart before the horse.

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shibboleth

[Sustantivo]

a specific word or phrase used to identify or differentiate individuals

lema

Ex: In some historical conflicts , a shibboleth was used to uncover spies or infiltrators posing as locals .En algunos conflictos históricos, se utilizó un **shibboleth** para descubrir espías o infiltrados que se hacían pasar por locales.

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sum and substance

[Frase]

the main idea of something, often after removing extra details

Ex: Her summary conveyed the sum and substance without unnecessary jargon.

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kernel

[Sustantivo]

the central or most important part of an idea, experience, or piece of information

núcleo, esencia