Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Termini e detti linguistici

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alias

[sostantivo]

an alternative name a person sometimes uses instead of one’s real name

alias, pseudonimo

Ex: During his undercover mission , he was forced to use an alias to infiltrate the organization .Durante la sua missione sotto copertura, è stato costretto a usare un **alias** per infiltrarsi nell'organizzazione.

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adage

[sostantivo]

a short, memorable saying that expresses a common observation or truth about life

adagio, proverbio

Ex: In times of adversity , he finds solace in the adage " this too shall pass , " reminding himself that difficult situations are temporary .Nei momenti di avversità, trova conforto nell'**adagio** "anche questo passerà", ricordando a se stesso che le situazioni difficili sono temporanee.

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appellation

[sostantivo]

a name, title, or term used to identify and distinguish a person, place, or thing

denominazione, appellativo

Ex: She disliked the appellation given to her by the press .Lei non amava l'**appellativo** che la stampa le aveva dato.

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aphorism

[sostantivo]

a concise, memorable statement that expresses a general truth, principle, or observation, often witty or philosophical

aforisma

Ex: Philosophers often use aphorisms to distill complex ideas .I filosofi usano spesso **aforismi** per distillare idee complesse.

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apothegm

[sostantivo]

a clever and concise expression that contains a general truth or principle

apotegma

Ex: The motivational speaker ’s speech was peppered with apothegms that resonated with the audience .Il discorso del motivatore era costellato di **aforismi** che hanno risuonato con il pubblico.

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argot

[sostantivo]

a special set of words or expressions used by a particular group, often to keep communication private or exclusive

argot, gergo

Ex: The prison argot was incomprehensible to new inmates .Il **gergo** carcerario era incomprensibile per i nuovi detenuti.

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banter

[sostantivo]

the act of saying something in a smart and humorous manner in order to make fun of something or someone

scherzo, facezia

Ex: Their banter masked a deep mutual respect .Il loro **scherzo** mascherava un profondo rispetto reciproco.

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digression

[sostantivo]

a deviation from the main subject under focus or discussion

digressione, deviazione

Ex: He used the digression to lighten the mood .Ha usato la **digressione** per alleggerire l'atmosfera.

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litany

[sostantivo]

a long and repetitive account, list, or recital, often of complaints or problems

una litania, un rosario

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neologism

[sostantivo]

the process of inventing a word

neologismo

Ex: Some neologisms become part of everyday language usage , while others remain obscure or limited to specific subcultures .Alcuni **neologismi** diventano parte dell'uso quotidiano della lingua, mentre altri rimangono oscuri o limitati a sottoculture specifiche.

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onomatopoeia

[sostantivo]

a word that mimics the sound it represents

onatopea

Ex: The use of onomatopoeia adds vividness and immediacy to descriptive writing .L'uso di **onomatopea** aggiunge vivacità e immediatezza alla scrittura descrittiva.

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patois

[sostantivo]

a local or regional form of a language, often considered less formal or standard than the official version

patois, dialetto

Ex: The poet incorporated local patois into her verses .La poetessa ha incorporato il **patois** locale nei suoi versi.

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preamble

[sostantivo]

an introductory or preliminary section of a book, statute, document, etc. giving information about its purpose

preambolo

Ex: The legal brief began with a preamble that clarified the case 's background and significance .Il documento legale iniziava con un **preambolo** che chiariva i precedenti e l'importanza del caso.

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query

[sostantivo]

a request for information or clarification, often in the form of a question

richiesta, domanda

Ex: The journalist 's query was ignored by the spokesperson .La **richiesta** del giornalista è stata ignorata dal portavoce.

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simile

[sostantivo]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

similitudine

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .L'uso da parte del poeta di una **similitudine** che paragona le stelle a diamanti nel cielo aggiunge un tocco di bellezza e scintillio al paesaggio notturno.

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tautology

[sostantivo]

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

tautologia

Ex: Writers and speakers are often advised to avoid tautology to ensure their communication is clear and concise without unnecessary repetition .A scrittori e oratori viene spesso consigliato di evitare la **tautologia** per assicurare che la loro comunicazione sia chiara e concisa senza ripetizioni inutili.

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treatise

[sostantivo]

a long and formal piece of writing about a specific subject

trattato

Ex: The medical researcher authored a treatise on infectious diseases , detailing new treatments and prevention methods .Il ricercatore medico ha scritto un **trattato** sulle malattie infettive, dettagliando nuovi trattamenti e metodi di prevenzione.

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maxim

[sostantivo]

a short statement or phrase that encapsulates a general truth, principle, or rule of behavior, often offering guidance or wisdom

massima, principio

Ex: " A penny saved is a penny earned " is a maxim advocating frugality and the importance of saving money ."Un penny risparmiato è un penny guadagnato" è un **massima** che sostiene la frugalità e l'importanza di risparmiare denaro.

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delineation

[sostantivo]

a visual or verbal representation of something

rappresentazione, descrizione

Ex: The documentary provided a clear delineation of the events leading up to the war .Il rapporto ha offerto una **delineazione** nitida del problema.

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entreaty

[sostantivo]

a request made with sincerity or desperation

supplica, preghiera accorata

Ex: His sincere entreaty for forgiveness resonated deeply with her , and she decided to give him another chance .La **supplica** del prigioniero per la misericordia cadde su orecchie sorde.

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it is an ill wind that blows no one any good

[Frase]

used to express that even an undesirable situation will often benefit someone

Ex: His injury was unfortunate, but it gave him time to write his book—an ill wind that blows no one any good.

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one swallow does not make a summer

[Frase]

used to indicate that a single occurrence or piece of evidence is insufficient to establish a trend or draw a firm conclusion

Ex: Winning one game does not guarantee success for the entire season.One swallow does not make a summer in sports.

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to put the cart before the horse

[Frase]

to not do things in order

Ex: Launching a marketing campaign without understanding your target audience is like putting the cart before the horse.

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shibboleth

[sostantivo]

a specific word or phrase used to identify or differentiate individuals

una parola o frase specifica utilizzata per identificare o differenziare gli individui, uno shibboleth

Ex: In some historical conflicts , a shibboleth was used to uncover spies or infiltrators posing as locals .In alcuni conflitti storici, uno **shibboleth** veniva utilizzato per scoprire spie o infiltrati che si spacciavano per locali.

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sum and substance

[Frase]

the main idea of something, often after removing extra details

Ex: Her summary conveyed the sum and substance without unnecessary jargon.

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kernel

[sostantivo]

the central or most important part of an idea, experience, or piece of information

nocciolo, essenza