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Ciencias Naturales SAT - Enfermedad y patología

Aquí aprenderá algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con enfermedades y patologías, como "malignant", "prognosis", "sepsis", etc., que necesitará para aprobar sus exámenes SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
benign
[Adjetivo]

(of an ilness) not fatal or harmful

benigno

benigno

malignant
[Adjetivo]

(of a tumor or disease) uncontrollable and likely to be fatal

maligno

maligno

chronic
[Adjetivo]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

crónico

crónico

Ex: Sarahchronic migraine headaches often last for days , despite trying different medications .
syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

síndrome

síndrome

affliction
[Sustantivo]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

aflicción

aflicción

Ex: affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .
ailment
[Sustantivo]

an illness, often a minor one

enfermedad, dolencia

enfermedad, dolencia

Ex: The clinic offers treatment for a wide range ailments, from allergies to chronic conditions .
prognosis
[Sustantivo]

a professional opinion regarding the likely course of an illness

pronóstico

pronóstico

Ex: The veterinarian discussed prognosis for the cat 's kidney disease , outlining potential treatment options and expected outcomes .
contagion
[Sustantivo]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

enfermedad contagiosa

enfermedad contagiosa

epidemic
[Sustantivo]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia

epidemia

Ex: epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .

posing a significant risk to a person's life

peligroso para la vida, que amenaza la vida

peligroso para la vida, que amenaza la vida

asymptomatic
[Adjetivo]

(of a disease) not showing any symptoms associated with it

asintomático, asintomática

asintomático, asintomática

Ex: Despite asymptomatic, the patient was advised to monitor their health closely for any signs of illness .
glaucoma
[Sustantivo]

an eye condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated

glaucoma, glaucomatosis

glaucoma, glaucomatosis

sepsis
[Sustantivo]

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

sepsis, sepsis grave

sepsis, sepsis grave

fatty liver
[Sustantivo]

a condition where excess fat accumulates in liver cells, often due to factors like alcohol consumption or obesity

hígado graso, esteatosis hepática

hígado graso, esteatosis hepática

allergy
[Sustantivo]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alergia

alergia

Ex: After coming into contact with the cat , she experienced an allergic reaction due to her allergy.
concussion
[Sustantivo]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

conmoción cerebral

conmoción cerebral

a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including conditions such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, and stroke

enfermedad cardiovascular, trastornos cardiovasculares

enfermedad cardiovascular, trastornos cardiovasculares

cystic fibrosis
[Sustantivo]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

fibrosis quística, cistosis fibrosa

fibrosis quística, cistosis fibrosa

Ex: Individuals cystic fibrosis often experience chronic lung infections due to the difficulty in clearing mucus from the airways .
virulent
[Adjetivo]

(of a disease) able to make one sick

virulento

virulento

insomnia
[Sustantivo]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

insomnio

insomnio

obesity
[Sustantivo]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obesidad

obesidad

trauma
[Sustantivo]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma

trauma

a neurological condition characterized by difficulty in sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, typically diagnosed in childhood and often persisting into adulthood

trastorno por déficit de atención, trastorno de déficit de atención

trastorno por déficit de atención, trastorno de déficit de atención

dementia
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

demencia

demencia

measles
[Sustantivo]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

sarampión

sarampión

narcolepsy
[Sustantivo]

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

narcolepsia, narcolepsia (trastorno del sueño)

narcolepsia, narcolepsia (trastorno del sueño)

gigantism
[Sustantivo]

a rare medical condition characterized by excessive growth and height due to an overproduction of growth hormone during childhood and adolescence

gigantismo, gigantismo hormonal

gigantismo, gigantismo hormonal

a condition causing an irresistible urge to move the legs, often with uncomfortable sensations, usually worse in the evening or at night

síndrome de las piernas inquietas, síndrome de piernas inquietas

síndrome de las piernas inquietas, síndrome de piernas inquietas

Ex: People restless leg syndrome sometimes feel tingling or crawling sensations in their legs .
dermatitis
[Sustantivo]

a general term referring to inflammation of the skin, often causing redness, itching, and various skin conditions

dermatitis, inflamación de la piel

dermatitis, inflamación de la piel

fester
[Sustantivo]

a sore or wound that has become infected and is producing pus, often characterized by inflammation and discomfort

pústula, herida infectada

pústula, herida infectada

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