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Mga Likas na Agham ng SAT - Sakit at Patolohiya

Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa mga sakit at patolohiya, tulad ng "malignant", "prognosis", "sepsis", atbp. na kakailanganin mo para makapasa sa iyong SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
benign
[pang-uri]

(of an ilness) not fatal or harmful

banayad

banayad

Ex: The veterinarian informed the pet owner that the lump on their dog 's paw was benign and did not require surgery .Sinabi ng beterinaryo sa may-ari ng alagang hayop na ang bukol sa paa ng kanilang aso ay **hindi mapanganib** at hindi nangangailangan ng operasyon.
malignant
[pang-uri]

(of a tumor or disease) uncontrollable and likely to be fatal

maligno,  maligna

maligno, maligna

Ex: The oncologist recommended a combination of chemotherapy and radiation to combat the malignant disease .Inirerekomenda ng oncologist ang kombinasyon ng chemotherapy at radiation upang labanan ang **malignant** na sakit.
latent
[pang-uri]

(biology) inactive and waiting for a suitable condition

nakatago, hindi aktibo

nakatago, hindi aktibo

chronic
[pang-uri]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

malalang, pangmatagalan

malalang, pangmatagalan

Ex: Sarah 's chronic migraine headaches often last for days , despite trying different medications .Ang **chronic** na migraine headaches ni Sarah ay madalas na tumatagal ng mga araw, sa kabila ng pagsubok ng iba't ibang gamot.
syndrome
[Pangngalan]

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

sindrome

sindrome

Ex: Asperger 's syndrome, a form of autism spectrum disorder , is characterized by difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication , as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests .Ang **syndrome** ng Asperger, isang anyo ng autism spectrum disorder, ay nailalarawan sa pamamagitan ng mga paghihirap sa pakikipag-ugnayan sa lipunan at di-pandiwang komunikasyon, pati na rin ang limitado at paulit-ulit na mga pattern ng pag-uugali at interes.
affliction
[Pangngalan]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

dalamhati, pagdurusa

dalamhati, pagdurusa

Ex: The affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .Ang **pagdurusa** ng migraines ay nagpahirap sa kanya na mag-concentrate at nagambala ang kanyang pang-araw-araw na gawain.
ailment
[Pangngalan]

an illness, often a minor one

sakit, karamdaman

sakit, karamdaman

Ex: The clinic offers treatment for a wide range of ailments, from allergies to chronic conditions .Ang klinika ay nag-aalok ng paggamot para sa malawak na hanay ng mga **sakit**, mula sa mga allergy hanggang sa mga chronic na kondisyon.
prognosis
[Pangngalan]

a professional opinion regarding the likely course of an illness

prognosis

prognosis

Ex: The veterinarian discussed the prognosis for the cat 's kidney disease , outlining potential treatment options and expected outcomes .Tinalakay ng beterinaryo ang **prognosis** para sa sakit sa bato ng pusa, na binabalangkas ang mga potensyal na opsyon sa paggamot at inaasahang mga resulta.
contagion
[Pangngalan]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

lagnat, impeksyon

lagnat, impeksyon

Ex: Despite their efforts , the contagion spread rapidly , leading to a significant increase in hospital admissions .Sa kabila ng kanilang mga pagsisikap, mabilis na kumalat ang **pagkakahawa**, na nagdulot ng makabuluhang pagtaas sa mga pag-amin sa ospital.
epidemic
[Pangngalan]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemya, pagkalat ng sakit

epidemya, pagkalat ng sakit

Ex: The epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .Ang **epidemya** ay nagdulot ng tensyon sa sistema ng pangangalagang pangkalusugan.

posing a significant risk to a person's life

nakamamatay, nagbabanta sa buhay

nakamamatay, nagbabanta sa buhay

Ex: A life-threatening allergic reaction requires immediate medical attention .Ang isang reaksiyong alerdyi na **nagbabanta sa buhay** ay nangangailangan ng agarang atensyong medikal.
asymptomatic
[pang-uri]

(of a disease) not showing any symptoms associated with it

walang sintomas

walang sintomas

Ex: Despite being asymptomatic, the patient was advised to monitor their health closely for any signs of illness .Sa kabila ng pagiging **asymptomatic**, pinayuhan ang pasyente na bantayan nang mabuti ang kanyang kalusugan para sa anumang mga palatandaan ng sakit.
inflammation
[Pangngalan]

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

pamamaga

pamamaga

glaucoma
[Pangngalan]

an eye condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated

glaucoma, glawkoma

glaucoma, glawkoma

Ex: Timely intervention through medication or surgery can help slow or prevent further vision loss in glaucoma.Ang napapanahong interbensyon sa pamamagitan ng gamot o operasyon ay makakatulong upang pabagalin o maiwasan ang karagdagang pagkawala ng paningin sa **glaucoma**.
sepsis
[Pangngalan]

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

sepsis

sepsis

Ex: Timely diagnosis of the underlying infection is essential for effective sepsis management .
fatty liver
[Pangngalan]

a condition where excess fat accumulates in liver cells, often due to factors like alcohol consumption or obesity

matabang atay, steatosis ng atay

matabang atay, steatosis ng atay

Ex: Fatty liver can progress to more serious liver conditions if not managed properly .Ang **fatty liver** ay maaaring umusad sa mas seryosong mga kondisyon sa atay kung hindi maayos na namamahala.
steatosis
[Pangngalan]

a medical condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of fat within liver cells

steatosis, di-normal na akumulasyon ng taba sa loob ng mga selula ng atay

steatosis, di-normal na akumulasyon ng taba sa loob ng mga selula ng atay

allergy
[Pangngalan]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alerdyi

alerdyi

Ex: After coming into contact with the cat , she experienced an allergic reaction due to her pet allergy.Pagkatapos makipag-ugnayan sa pusa, nakaranas siya ng allergic reaction dahil sa kanyang **allergy** sa alagang hayop.
concussion
[Pangngalan]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

pagkakalog ng utak, kontusyon sa utak

pagkakalog ng utak, kontusyon sa utak

Ex: The doctor ordered a brain scan to assess the severity of the concussion and rule out any potential complications .Inutusan ng doktor ang isang brain scan upang masuri ang kalubhaan ng **concussion** at alisin ang anumang potensyal na komplikasyon.
autism
[Pangngalan]

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

autismo

autismo

hypertension
[Pangngalan]

a condition that arises when one is experiencing a chronic elevation of blood pressure

alta presyon ng dugo

alta presyon ng dugo

a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including conditions such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, and stroke

sakit sa puso at mga daluyan ng dugo

sakit sa puso at mga daluyan ng dugo

Ex: Public health campaigns aim to raise awareness about the risks factors associated with cardiovascular disease.Ang mga kampanya sa kalusugan ng publiko ay naglalayong itaas ang kamalayan tungkol sa mga salik ng panganib na nauugnay sa **sakit sa puso at mga daluyan ng dugo**.
tuberculosis
[Pangngalan]

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberculosis

tuberculosis

cystic fibrosis
[Pangngalan]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

cystic fibrosis, sistik fibrosis

cystic fibrosis, sistik fibrosis

Ex: Individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience chronic lung infections due to the difficulty in clearing mucus from the airways .
yellow fever
[Pangngalan]

a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes

dilaw na lagnat, itim na pagsusuka

dilaw na lagnat, itim na pagsusuka

virulent
[pang-uri]

(of a disease) able to make one sick

nakamamatay

nakamamatay

Ex: The virulent bacteria spread quickly through the population, causing widespread illness.Ang **nakamamatay** na bakterya ay mabilis na kumalat sa populasyon, na nagdulot ng malawakang sakit.
insomnia
[Pangngalan]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

insomnia, sakit sa pagtulog

insomnia, sakit sa pagtulog

Ex: Despite feeling exhausted , his insomnia made it impossible for him to get a good night 's rest .Sa kabila ng pakiramdam na pagod, ang kanyang **insomnia** ay naging imposible para sa kanya na magkaroon ng magandang pahinga sa gabi.
obesity
[Pangngalan]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obesity, sobrepeso

obesity, sobrepeso

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .Ang pagtugon sa **obesity** ay nangangailangan ng isang multifaceted na diskarte na kinabibilangan ng pagtataguyod ng malusog na gawi sa pagkain, regular na pisikal na aktibidad, at mga inisyatibo sa buong komunidad.
trauma
[Pangngalan]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma, emosyonal na pagkabigla

trauma, emosyonal na pagkabigla

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .Ang pagmamasid sa isang natural na kalamidad ay maaaring mag-iwan sa mga nakaligtas ng pangmatagalang **trauma** at takot.

a neurological condition characterized by difficulty in sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, typically diagnosed in childhood and often persisting into adulthood

attention deficit disorder, hyperactivity na may attention deficit disorder

attention deficit disorder, hyperactivity na may attention deficit disorder

Ex: Strategies such as creating structured routines can help individuals with ADD manage daily activities more effectively.Ang mga estratehiya tulad ng paggawa ng istrukturadong mga gawain ay maaaring makatulong sa mga taong may **attention deficit disorder** na pamahalaan ang mga pang-araw-araw na gawain nang mas epektibo.
dementia
[Pangngalan]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

demensya, pagkasira ng pag-iisip

demensya, pagkasira ng pag-iisip

Ex: Alzheimer 's disease is a common form of dementia.Ang sakit na Alzheimer ay isang karaniwang anyo ng **dementia**.
mumps
[Pangngalan]

an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck

beke, epidemik parotitis

beke, epidemik parotitis

measles
[Pangngalan]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

tigdas, ang tigdas

tigdas, ang tigdas

Ex: Complications of measles can include pneumonia , encephalitis ( brain inflammation ) , and in severe cases , death .Ang mga komplikasyon ng **tigdas** ay maaaring kabilangan ng pulmonya, encephalitis (pamamaga ng utak), at sa malubhang kaso, kamatayan.
narcolepsy
[Pangngalan]

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

narcolepsy, sakit sa pagtulog

narcolepsy, sakit sa pagtulog

Ex: Narcolepsy is often diagnosed through a combination of medical history, sleep studies, and neurological examinations.Ang **narcolepsy** ay madalas na nasusuri sa pamamagitan ng kombinasyon ng medikal na kasaysayan, pag-aaral ng pagtulog, at pagsusuri sa neurological.
gigantism
[Pangngalan]

a rare medical condition characterized by excessive growth and height due to an overproduction of growth hormone during childhood and adolescence

gigantismo

gigantismo

Ex: Early detection and management of gigantism are crucial to prevent irreversible effects on health .Ang maagang pagtuklas at pamamahala ng **gigantism** ay mahalaga upang maiwasan ang mga hindi na mababagong epekto sa kalusugan.

a condition causing an irresistible urge to move the legs, often with uncomfortable sensations, usually worse in the evening or at night

sindrom ng hindi mapakali na binti, sakit na Willis-Ekbom

sindrom ng hindi mapakali na binti, sakit na Willis-Ekbom

Ex: People with restless leg syndrome sometimes feel tingling or crawling sensations in their legs .Ang mga taong may **restless leg syndrome** ay kung minsan ay nakakaramdam ng pangingilig o pakiramdam ng pag-crawl sa kanilang mga binti.
dermatitis
[Pangngalan]

a general term referring to inflammation of the skin, often causing redness, itching, and various skin conditions

dermatitis

dermatitis

Ex: Scratching can worsen dermatitis, leading to more irritation and redness .Ang pangangati ay maaaring lumala ang **dermatitis**, na nagdudulot ng mas maraming pangangati at pamumula.
fester
[Pangngalan]

a sore or wound that has become infected and is producing pus, often characterized by inflammation and discomfort

nana, absceso

nana, absceso

Ex: The untreated scrape turned into a painful fester on his leg .Ang hindi ginagamot na gasgas ay naging isang masakit na **nana** sa kanyang binti.
Mga Likas na Agham ng SAT
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