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Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam SAT - Penyakit dan Patologi

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris yang terkait dengan penyakit dan patologi, seperti "ganas", "prognosis", "sepsis", dll., yang Anda butuhkan untuk lulus SAT Anda.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
benign
[Adjektiva]

(of an ilness) not fatal or harmful

jinak

jinak

Ex: The veterinarian informed the pet owner that the lump on their dog 's paw was benign and did not require surgery .Dokter hewan memberi tahu pemilik hewan peliharaan bahwa benjolan di kaki anjing mereka **jinak** dan tidak memerlukan operasi.
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malignant
[Adjektiva]

(of a tumor or disease) uncontrollable and likely to be fatal

ganas,  ganas

ganas, ganas

Ex: The oncologist recommended a combination of chemotherapy and radiation to combat the malignant disease .Onkolog merekomendasikan kombinasi kemoterapi dan radiasi untuk memerangi penyakit **ganas**.
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latent
[Adjektiva]

(biology) inactive and waiting for a suitable condition

tersembunyi, tidak aktif

tersembunyi, tidak aktif

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chronic
[Adjektiva]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

kronis, berkepanjangan

kronis, berkepanjangan

Ex: Sarah 's chronic migraine headaches often last for days , despite trying different medications .Sakit kepala migrain **kronis** Sarah sering berlangsung selama berhari-hari, meskipun mencoba berbagai obat.
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syndrome
[Kata benda]

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

sindrom

sindrom

Ex: Asperger 's syndrome, a form of autism spectrum disorder , is characterized by difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication , as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests .**Sindrom** Asperger, suatu bentuk gangguan spektrum autisme, ditandai dengan kesulitan dalam interaksi sosial dan komunikasi nonverbal, serta pola perilaku dan minat yang terbatas dan berulang.
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affliction
[Kata benda]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

penderitaan, kesengsaraan

penderitaan, kesengsaraan

Ex: The affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .**Penderitaan** migrain membuatnya sulit berkonsentrasi dan mengganggu rutinitas hariannya.
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ailment
[Kata benda]

an illness, often a minor one

penyakit, gangguan kesehatan

penyakit, gangguan kesehatan

Ex: The clinic offers treatment for a wide range of ailments, from allergies to chronic conditions .Klinik menawarkan perawatan untuk berbagai macam **penyakit**, dari alergi hingga kondisi kronis.
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prognosis
[Kata benda]

a professional opinion regarding the likely course of an illness

prognosis

prognosis

Ex: The veterinarian discussed the prognosis for the cat 's kidney disease , outlining potential treatment options and expected outcomes .Dokter hewan membahas **prognosis** untuk penyakit ginjal kucing, menguraikan pilihan perawatan potensial dan hasil yang diharapkan.
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contagion
[Kata benda]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

penyakit menular, infeksi

penyakit menular, infeksi

Ex: Despite their efforts , the contagion spread rapidly , leading to a significant increase in hospital admissions .Meskipun upaya mereka, **penularan** menyebar dengan cepat, menyebabkan peningkatan signifikan dalam rawat inap.
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epidemic
[Kata benda]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemi, wabah

epidemi, wabah

Ex: The epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .**Epidemi** memberi tekanan pada sistem kesehatan.
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life-threatening
[Adjektiva]

posing a significant risk to a person's life

mengancam jiwa, berbahaya bagi nyawa

mengancam jiwa, berbahaya bagi nyawa

Ex: A life-threatening allergic reaction requires immediate medical attention .Reaksi alergi **yang mengancam jiwa** membutuhkan perhatian medis segera.
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asymptomatic
[Adjektiva]

(of a disease) not showing any symptoms associated with it

asimtomatik

asimtomatik

Ex: Despite being asymptomatic, the patient was advised to monitor their health closely for any signs of illness .Meskipun **asimtomatik**, pasien disarankan untuk memantau kesehatannya dengan cermat untuk tanda-tanda penyakit.
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inflammation
[Kata benda]

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

peradangan

peradangan

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glaucoma
[Kata benda]

an eye condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated

glaukoma, glaucoma

glaukoma, glaucoma

Ex: Timely intervention through medication or surgery can help slow or prevent further vision loss in glaucoma.Intervensi tepat waktu melalui obat-obatan atau operasi dapat membantu memperlambat atau mencegah kehilangan penglihatan lebih lanjut pada **glaukoma**.
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sepsis
[Kata benda]

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

sepsis

sepsis

Ex: Timely diagnosis of the underlying infection is essential for effective sepsis management .
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fatty liver
[Kata benda]

a condition where excess fat accumulates in liver cells, often due to factors like alcohol consumption or obesity

perlemakan hati, steatosis hepatik

perlemakan hati, steatosis hepatik

Ex: Fatty liver can progress to more serious liver conditions if not managed properly .**Perlemakan hati** dapat berkembang menjadi kondisi hati yang lebih serius jika tidak dikelola dengan baik.
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steatosis
[Kata benda]

a medical condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of fat within liver cells

steatosis, akumulasi lemak abnormal dalam sel hati

steatosis, akumulasi lemak abnormal dalam sel hati

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allergy
[Kata benda]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alergi

alergi

Ex: After coming into contact with the cat , she experienced an allergic reaction due to her pet allergy.Setelah bersentuhan dengan kucing, dia mengalami reaksi alergi karena **alergi** hewan peliharaannya.
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concussion
[Kata benda]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

gegar otak, kontusi otak

gegar otak, kontusi otak

Ex: The doctor ordered a brain scan to assess the severity of the concussion and rule out any potential complications .Dokter memerintahkan pemindaian otak untuk menilai tingkat keparahan **gegar otak** dan mengesampingkan komplikasi potensial.
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autism
[Kata benda]

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

autisme

autisme

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hypertension
[Kata benda]

a condition that arises when one is experiencing a chronic elevation of blood pressure

hipertensi

hipertensi

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a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including conditions such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, and stroke

penyakit kardiovaskular

penyakit kardiovaskular

Ex: Public health campaigns aim to raise awareness about the risks factors associated with cardiovascular disease.Kampanye kesehatan masyarakat bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran tentang faktor risiko yang terkait dengan **penyakit kardiovaskular**.
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tuberculosis
[Kata benda]

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberkulosis

tuberkulosis

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cystic fibrosis
[Kata benda]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

fibrosis kistik, penyakit fibrosis kistik

fibrosis kistik, penyakit fibrosis kistik

Ex: Individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience chronic lung infections due to the difficulty in clearing mucus from the airways .
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yellow fever
[Kata benda]

a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes

demam kuning, muntah hitam

demam kuning, muntah hitam

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virulent
[Adjektiva]

(of a disease) able to make one sick

ganas

ganas

Ex: The virulent bacteria spread quickly through the population, causing widespread illness.Bakteri **ganas** menyebar dengan cepat melalui populasi, menyebabkan penyakit yang meluas.
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insomnia
[Kata benda]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

insomnia, gangguan tidur

insomnia, gangguan tidur

Ex: Despite feeling exhausted , his insomnia made it impossible for him to get a good night 's rest .Meskipun merasa lelah, **insomnia**-nya membuatnya tidak mungkin untuk mendapatkan istirahat malam yang baik.
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obesity
[Kata benda]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obesitas, kelebihan berat badan

obesitas, kelebihan berat badan

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .Mengatasi **obesitas** membutuhkan pendekatan multifaset yang mencakup promosi kebiasaan makan sehat, aktivitas fisik teratur, dan inisiatif komunitas.
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trauma
[Kata benda]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma, guncangan emosional

trauma, guncangan emosional

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .Menyaksikan bencana alam dapat meninggalkan trauma yang berkepanjangan dan ketakutan pada para penyintas.
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a neurological condition characterized by difficulty in sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, typically diagnosed in childhood and often persisting into adulthood

gangguan defisit atensi, hiperaktivitas dengan gangguan defisit atensi

gangguan defisit atensi, hiperaktivitas dengan gangguan defisit atensi

Ex: Strategies such as creating structured routines can help individuals with ADD manage daily activities more effectively.Strategi seperti menciptakan rutinitas terstruktur dapat membantu individu dengan **gangguan defisit atensi** mengelola aktivitas sehari-hari lebih efektif.
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dementia
[Kata benda]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

demensia, gangguan kognitif

demensia, gangguan kognitif

Ex: Alzheimer 's disease is a common form of dementia.Penyakit Alzheimer adalah bentuk umum dari **demensia**.
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mumps
[Kata benda]

an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck

gondongan, parotitis epidemik

gondongan, parotitis epidemik

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measles
[Kata benda]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

campak, penyakit campak

campak, penyakit campak

Ex: Complications of measles can include pneumonia , encephalitis ( brain inflammation ) , and in severe cases , death .Komplikasi **campak** dapat mencakup pneumonia, ensefalitis (radang otak), dan dalam kasus yang parah, kematian.
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narcolepsy
[Kata benda]

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

narkolepsi, penyakit tidur

narkolepsi, penyakit tidur

Ex: Narcolepsy is often diagnosed through a combination of medical history, sleep studies, and neurological examinations.**Narkolepsi** sering didiagnosis melalui kombinasi riwayat medis, studi tidur, dan pemeriksaan neurologis.
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gigantism
[Kata benda]

a rare medical condition characterized by excessive growth and height due to an overproduction of growth hormone during childhood and adolescence

gigantisme

gigantisme

Ex: Early detection and management of gigantism are crucial to prevent irreversible effects on health .Deteksi dini dan pengelolaan **gigantisme** sangat penting untuk mencegah efek yang tidak dapat diubah pada kesehatan.
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a condition causing an irresistible urge to move the legs, often with uncomfortable sensations, usually worse in the evening or at night

sindrom kaki gelisah, penyakit Willis-Ekbom

sindrom kaki gelisah, penyakit Willis-Ekbom

Ex: People with restless leg syndrome sometimes feel tingling or crawling sensations in their legs .Orang dengan **sindrom kaki gelisah** terkadang merasakan kesemutan atau sensasi merayap di kaki mereka.
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dermatitis
[Kata benda]

a general term referring to inflammation of the skin, often causing redness, itching, and various skin conditions

dermatitis

dermatitis

Ex: Scratching can worsen dermatitis, leading to more irritation and redness .Menggaruk dapat memperburuk **dermatitis**, menyebabkan lebih banyak iritasi dan kemerahan.
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fester
[Kata benda]

a sore or wound that has become infected and is producing pus, often characterized by inflammation and discomfort

nanah, bisul

nanah, bisul

Ex: The untreated scrape turned into a painful fester on his leg .Goresan yang tidak diobati berubah menjadi **luka bernanah** yang menyakitkan di kakinya.
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