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Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam SAT - Penyakit dan Patologi

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris yang terkait dengan penyakit dan patologi, seperti "ganas", "prognosis", "sepsis", dll., yang Anda butuhkan untuk lulus SAT Anda.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
benign
benign
[Adjektiva]

(of an ilness) not fatal or harmful

jinak

jinak

Ex: Despite experiencing symptoms, the tests revealed that his condition was benign and temporary. 

Meskipun mengalami gejala, tes mengungkapkan bahwa kondisinya jinak dan sementara.

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malignant
malignant
[Adjektiva]

(of a tumor or disease) uncontrollable and likely to be fatal

ganas,  ganas

ganas, ganas

Ex: Malignant tumors have the potential to spread to other parts of the body if not treated promptly. 

Tumor ganas berpotensi menyebar ke bagian lain tubuh jika tidak segera diobati.

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latent
latent
[Adjektiva]

(of a medical condition or infection) present in the body but not currently producing symptoms

laten, tersembunyi

laten, tersembunyi

Ex: Herpes often enters a latent phase between outbreaks. 

Herpes sering memasuki fase laten di antara wabah.

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chronic
chronic
[Adjektiva]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

kronis, berkepanjangan

kronis, berkepanjangan

Ex: Tom's chronic arthritis makes it challenging for him to move around comfortably. 

Artritis kronis Tom membuatnya sulit untuk bergerak dengan nyaman.

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syndrome
syndrome
[Kata benda]

a group of medical signs that indicate a person is suffering from a particular disease or condition

sindrom

sindrom

Ex: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. 

Sindrom iritasi usus adalah gangguan gastrointestinal umum yang ditandai dengan sakit perut, kembung, dan perubahan kebiasaan buang air besar.

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affliction
affliction
[Kata benda]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

penderitaan, kesengsaraan

penderitaan, kesengsaraan

Ex: Chronic back pain was his most debilitating affliction, affecting his ability to work and enjoy daily activities. 

Nyeri punggung kronis adalah penderitaan yang paling melemahkannya, mempengaruhi kemampuannya untuk bekerja dan menikmati kegiatan sehari-hari.

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ailment
ailment
[Kata benda]

an illness, often a minor one

penyakit, gangguan kesehatan

penyakit, gangguan kesehatan

Ex: The elderly often suffer from various age-related ailments such as arthritis. 

Orang tua sering menderita berbagai penyakit terkait usia seperti arthritis.

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prognosis
prognosis
[Kata benda]

a professional opinion regarding the likely course of an illness

prognosis

prognosis

Ex: The prognosis for patients with untreated tuberculosis can be poor if the infection spreads to vital organs. 

Prognosis untuk pasien dengan tuberkulosis yang tidak diobati bisa buruk jika infeksi menyebar ke organ vital.

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contagion
contagion
[Kata benda]

any disease or virus that can be easily passed from one person to another

penyakit menular, infeksi

penyakit menular, infeksi

Ex: Frequent handwashing and wearing masks are effective measures to reduce the risk of contagion in crowded places. 

Mencuci tangan secara teratur dan mengenakan masker adalah langkah efektif untuk mengurangi risiko penularan di tempat ramai.

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epidemic
epidemic
[Kata benda]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemi, wabah

epidemi, wabah

Ex: The flu epidemic affected thousands of people last winter. 

Epidemi flu mempengaruhi ribuan orang musim dingin lalu.

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life-threatening
life-threatening
[Adjektiva]

posing a significant risk to a person's life

mengancam jiwa, berbahaya bagi nyawa

mengancam jiwa, berbahaya bagi nyawa

Ex: The storm created life-threatening situations for residents in the area. 

Badai menciptakan situasi mengancam jiwa bagi penduduk di daerah itu.

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asymptomatic
asymptomatic
[Adjektiva]

(of a disease) not showing any symptoms associated with it

asimtomatik

asimtomatik

Ex: Many individuals infected with the parasite are asymptomatic and may not seek medical attention. 

Banyak individu yang terinfeksi parasit tidak bergejala dan mungkin tidak mencari perhatian medis.

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inflammation
inflammation
[Kata benda]

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

peradangan

peradangan

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glaucoma
glaucoma
[Kata benda]

an eye condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated

glaukoma, glaucoma

glaukoma, glaucoma

Ex: Increased pressure in the eye can damage the optic nerve, causing peripheral vision loss in glaucoma. 

Peningkatan tekanan di mata dapat merusak saraf optik, menyebabkan hilangnya penglihatan perifer pada glaukoma.

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sepsis
sepsis
[Kata benda]

a severe, life-threatening response to infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ failure

sepsis

sepsis

Ex: Sepsis symptoms include fever, rapid heart rate, and altered mental status. 

Gejala sepsis meliputi demam, detak jantung cepat, dan status mental yang berubah.

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fatty liver
fatty liver
[Kata benda]

a condition where excess fat accumulates in liver cells, often due to factors like alcohol consumption or obesity

perlemakan hati, steatosis hepatik

perlemakan hati, steatosis hepatik

Ex: Treatment for fatty liver focuses on lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise. 

Perawatan untuk hati berlemak berfokus pada perubahan gaya hidup seperti diet dan olahraga.

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steatosis
steatosis
[Kata benda]

a medical condition characterized by the abnormal accumulation of fat within liver cells

steatosis, akumulasi lemak abnormal dalam sel hati

steatosis, akumulasi lemak abnormal dalam sel hati

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allergy
allergy
[Kata benda]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alergi

alergi

Ex: The doctor advised her to avoid dairy products because of her lactose allergy. 

Dokter menyarankannya untuk menghindari produk susu karena alergi laktosa.

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concussion
concussion
[Kata benda]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

gegar otak, kontusi otak

gegar otak, kontusi otak

Ex: The patient presented with symptoms of a concussion, including dizziness, confusion, and sensitivity to light, after a car accident. 

Pasien menunjukkan gejala gegar otak, termasuk pusing, kebingungan, dan sensitivitas terhadap cahaya, setelah mengalami kecelakaan mobil.

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autism
autism
[Kata benda]

a disorder that begins in early childhood, causing behavioral, social, and communication challenges

autisme

autisme

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hypertension
hypertension
[Kata benda]

a condition that arises when one is experiencing a chronic elevation of blood pressure

hipertensi

hipertensi

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cardiovascular disease

a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels, including conditions such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, and stroke

penyakit kardiovaskular

penyakit kardiovaskular

Ex: Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help prevent cardiovascular disease. 

Olahraga teratur dan diet seimbang dapat membantu mencegah penyakit kardiovaskular.

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tuberculosis
tuberculosis
[Kata benda]

a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body

tuberkulosis

tuberkulosis

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cystic fibrosis
cystic fibrosis
[Kata benda]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

fibrosis kistik, penyakit fibrosis kistik

fibrosis kistik, penyakit fibrosis kistik

Ex: Individuals with cystic fibrosis are at risk of developing complications such as diabetes and liver disease. 

Individu dengan fibrosis kistik berisiko mengalami komplikasi seperti diabetes dan penyakit hati.

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yellow fever
yellow fever
[Kata benda]

a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes

demam kuning, muntah hitam

demam kuning, muntah hitam

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virulent
virulent
[Adjektiva]

(of a disease) able to make one sick

ganas

ganas

Ex: The hospital was on high alert due to the virulent nature of the disease. 

Rumah sakit berada dalam siaga tinggi karena sifat virulen penyakit tersebut.

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insomnia
insomnia
[Kata benda]

a disorder in which one is unable to sleep or stay asleep

insomnia, gangguan tidur

insomnia, gangguan tidur

Ex: The doctor recommended a few relaxation techniques to help combat her insomnia and improve her sleep quality. 

Dokter merekomendasikan beberapa teknik relaksasi untuk membantu memerangi insomnia-nya dan meningkatkan kualitas tidurnya.

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obesity
obesity
[Kata benda]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obesitas, kelebihan berat badan

obesitas, kelebihan berat badan

Ex: Obesity rates have been steadily rising worldwide, becoming a major public health concern in many countries. 

Tingkat obesitas telah meningkat secara stabil di seluruh dunia, menjadi perhatian utama kesehatan masyarakat di banyak negara.

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trauma
trauma
[Kata benda]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma, guncangan emosional

trauma, guncangan emosional

Ex: Childhood trauma can have long-lasting effects on a person's mental and emotional well-being. 

Trauma masa kecil dapat memiliki efek jangka panjang pada kesejahteraan mental dan emosional seseorang.

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attention deficit disorder

a neurological condition characterized by difficulty in sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, typically diagnosed in childhood and often persisting into adulthood

gangguan defisit atensi, hiperaktivitas dengan gangguan defisit atensi

gangguan defisit atensi, hiperaktivitas dengan gangguan defisit atensi

Ex: Adults with ADD may find it challenging to organize tasks and manage time effectively. 

Dewasa dengan gangguan defisit perhatian mungkin merasa sulit untuk mengatur tugas dan mengelola waktu secara efektif.

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dementia
dementia
[Kata benda]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

demensia, gangguan kognitif

demensia, gangguan kognitif

Ex: The doctor explained that dementia can affect both short-term and long-term memory. 

Dokter menjelaskan bahwa demensia dapat memengaruhi memori jangka pendek dan jangka panjang.

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mumps
mumps
[Kata benda]

an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck

gondongan, parotitis epidemik

gondongan, parotitis epidemik

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measles
measles
[Kata benda]

a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children

campak, penyakit campak

campak, penyakit campak

Ex: Measles can spread through coughing and sneezing, as well as direct contact with infected droplets. 

Campak dapat menyebar melalui batuk dan bersin, serta kontak langsung dengan tetesan yang terinfeksi.

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narcolepsy
narcolepsy
[Kata benda]

a neurological condition causing sudden, uncontrollable episodes of sleep, often accompanied by muscle weakness or vivid dreams

narkolepsi, penyakit tidur

narkolepsi, penyakit tidur

Ex: The use of medications, such as stimulants, is common in managing symptoms of narcolepsy. 

Penggunaan obat-obatan, seperti stimulan, umum dalam mengelola gejala narkolepsi.

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gigantism
gigantism
[Kata benda]

a rare medical condition characterized by excessive growth and height due to an overproduction of growth hormone during childhood and adolescence

gigantisme

gigantisme

Ex: Treatment for gigantism often involves surgery or medication to reduce the production of growth hormone. 

Pengobatan untuk gigantisme sering melibatkan operasi atau obat untuk mengurangi produksi hormon pertumbuhan.

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restless leg syndrome

a condition causing an irresistible urge to move the legs, often with uncomfortable sensations, usually worse in the evening or at night

sindrom kaki gelisah, penyakit Willis-Ekbom

sindrom kaki gelisah, penyakit Willis-Ekbom

Ex: Restless leg syndrome often kept him awake, leading to tiredness during the day. 

Sindrom kaki gelisah sering membuatnya tetap terjaga, menyebabkan kelelahan di siang hari.

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dermatitis
dermatitis
[Kata benda]

a general term referring to inflammation of the skin, often causing redness, itching, and various skin conditions

dermatitis

dermatitis

Ex: Eczema is a form of dermatitis characterized by itchy, inflamed skin. 

Eksim adalah bentuk dermatitis yang ditandai dengan kulit gatal dan meradang.

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fester
fester
[Kata benda]

a sore or wound that has become infected and is producing pus, often characterized by inflammation and discomfort

nanah, bisul

nanah, bisul

Ex: A warm compress can help reduce the swelling of a fester. 

Kompres hangat dapat membantu mengurangi pembengkakan luka bernanah.

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