کتاب 'توتال اینگلیش' متوسطه - واحد 8 - درس 1

in opposition to someone or something

مخالف, علیه

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

قانون, حقوق

(law) the procedure of formally asking a higher court to dismiss and reverse the decision made by a lower court

استیناف, فرجام، تجدیدنظر

prohibited or not allowed by law, rule, or authority

ممنوع

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

دستگیر کردن, بازداشت کردن

to fail to obey the law

زیر پا گذاشتن (قانون و غیره)

to deal with a given situation, especially an unpleasant one

مواجه شدن, روبه‌رو شدن

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

جریمه

forbidden by the law

غیرقانونی

having little importance, effect, or seriousness, particularly when compared to other similar things

نسبتاً ناچیز

a structure that has walls, a roof, and sometimes many levels, like an apartment, house, school, etc.

ساختمان

the act or process of making or building a house, bridge, machine, etc.

ساخت‌وساز

to make a hole or opening in something using a rotating tool

با مته سوراخ کردن

the toxic gases and particles that are released from the exhaust system of a vehicle and other sources

دود اگزوز

a period of hot weather, usually hotter and longer than before

موج گرما

a device placed inside of a vehicle that makes an alarming and loud sound, used to give a warning or signal to others

بوق

to cause a horn, particularly of a vehicle, to make a loud noise

بوق زدن (اتومبیل)

a wide path made for cars, buses, etc. to travel along

جاده

a time of day at which traffic is the heaviest because people are leaving for work or home

ساعت شلوغی

in a way that is very bad or unpleasant

به‌طرز وحشتناکی

a very tall building that is divided into several apartments or offices

آسمان‌خراش, برج

a large number of bikes, cars, buses, etc. that are waiting in lines behind each other which move very slowly

راه‌بندان

a state of being overcrowded or blocked, particularly in a street or road

شلوغی (ترافیک), سنگینی (ترافیک)

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

آلودگی