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Aklat Total English - Intermediate - Yunit 8 - Aralin 1

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Unit 8 - Lesson 1 sa Total English Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "laban", "konstruksyon", "tower block", atbp.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Total English - Intermediate
against
[Preposisyon]

in opposition to someone or something

laban sa

laban sa

Ex: We must protect the environment against pollution .Dapat nating protektahan ang kapaligiran **laban sa** polusyon.
law
[Pangngalan]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

batas, ley

batas, ley

Ex: It 's important to know your rights under the law.Mahalagang malaman ang iyong mga karapatan sa ilalim ng **batas**.
appeal
[Pangngalan]

a legal procedure in which a higher court is asked to review and overturn a lower court's decision

apela

apela

Ex: The Supreme Court agreed to hear the appeal.Pumayag ang Korte Suprema na dinggin ang **apela**.
banned
[pang-uri]

prohibited or not allowed by law, rule, or authority

ipinagbabawal,  hindi pinapayagan

ipinagbabawal, hindi pinapayagan

to arrest
[Pandiwa]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arestuhin

arestuhin

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .Kasalukuyang **inaaresto** ng mga awtoridad ang mga suspek sa lugar ng krimen.
to break
[Pandiwa]

to fail to obey the law

lumabag, suwayin

lumabag, suwayin

Ex: Breaking copyright laws can lead to legal action against content creators .Ang **paglabag** sa mga batas sa copyright ay maaaring magdulot ng legal na aksyon laban sa mga tagalikha ng content.
to face
[Pandiwa]

to deal with a given situation, especially an unpleasant one

harapin,  makipagsapalaran

harapin, makipagsapalaran

Ex: Right now , the organization is actively facing public scrutiny for its controversial decisions .Sa ngayon, ang organisasyon ay aktibong **humaharap** sa pampublikong pagsusuri para sa mga kontrobersyal na desisyon nito.
fine
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa, parusa

multa, parusa

Ex: The judge imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations .Ang hukom ay nagpataw ng **multa** sa kumpanya para sa mga paglabag sa kapaligiran.
illegal
[pang-uri]

forbidden by the law

ilegal, ipinagbabawal ng batas

ilegal, ipinagbabawal ng batas

Ex: Employers who discriminate against employees based on race or gender are engaging in illegal behavior .Ang mga employer na nagtatangi laban sa mga empleyado batay sa lahi o kasarian ay nakikibahagi sa **ilegal** na pag-uugali.
minor
[pang-uri]

having little importance, effect, or seriousness

maliit, hindi gaanong mahalaga

maliit, hindi gaanong mahalaga

Ex: He brushed off the minor criticism , focusing on more important matters .Hindi niya pinansin ang **maliit** na pintas, at tumutok sa mas mahahalagang bagay.
building
[Pangngalan]

a structure that has walls, a roof, and sometimes many levels, like an apartment, house, school, etc.

gusali, edipisyo

gusali, edipisyo

Ex: The workers construct the building from the ground up .Ang mga manggagawa ay nagtatayo ng **gusali** mula sa simula.
construction
[Pangngalan]

the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure

konstruksyon

konstruksyon

Ex: Road construction caused delays in traffic.Ang **konstruksyon** ng kalsada ay nagdulot ng pagkaantala sa trapiko.
to drill
[Pandiwa]

to make a hole or opening in something using a rotating tool

mag-drill, magbutas

mag-drill, magbutas

Ex: The mechanic drilled holes in the car's chassis to install the new parts.Ang mekaniko ay **nagbutas** ng mga butas sa chassis ng kotse para mag-install ng mga bagong piyesa.
exhaust fumes
[Pangngalan]

the toxic gases and particles that are released from the exhaust system of a vehicle and other sources

usok ng tambutso, gas ng tambutso

usok ng tambutso, gas ng tambutso

heat wave
[Pangngalan]

a period of hot weather, usually hotter and longer than before

alun-alon ng init, matinding init

alun-alon ng init, matinding init

Ex: During a heat wave, it ’s important to check on elderly neighbors who may be more vulnerable to extreme temperatures .Sa panahon ng **heat wave**, mahalagang tingnan ang kalagayan ng mga nakatatandang kapitbahay na maaaring mas madaling kapitan ng matinding temperatura.
horn
[Pangngalan]

a device placed inside of a vehicle that makes an alarming and loud sound, used to give a warning or signal to others

busina, torotot

busina, torotot

Ex: She tapped the horn to let the driver in front know the light had turned green .Tinapik niya ang **busina** upang ipaalam sa driver sa harap na nag-green na ang ilaw.
to honk
[Pandiwa]

to cause a horn, particularly of a vehicle, to make a loud noise

bumusina, pumito

bumusina, pumito

Ex: She honks to greet her friend waiting on the sidewalk .Siya ay **bumubusina** para batiin ang kanyang kaibigan na naghihintay sa bangketa.
road
[Pangngalan]

a wide path made for cars, buses, etc. to travel along

kalsada, daan

kalsada, daan

Ex: The highway closure led drivers to take a detour on another road.Ang pagsasara ng highway ay nagdulot sa mga drayber na mag-detour sa ibang **kalsada**.
rush hour
[Pangngalan]

a time of day at which traffic is the heaviest because people are leaving for work or home

oras ng rush, oras ng trapiko

oras ng rush, oras ng trapiko

Ex: She planned her errands around rush hour to avoid getting stuck in traffic .Inayos niya ang kanyang mga gawain sa paligid ng **rush hour** para maiwasang maipit sa trapiko.
terribly
[pang-abay]

in a very unpleasant, poor, or painful manner

napakasama, nang labis

napakasama, nang labis

Ex: She was terribly treated by the staff .Siya ay **napakasama** na trinato ng mga staff.
tower block
[Pangngalan]

a very tall building that is divided into several apartments or offices

bloke ng tore, gusaling tukodlangit

bloke ng tore, gusaling tukodlangit

Ex: The view from the top of the tower block is breathtaking .Ang tanawin mula sa tuktok ng **gusaling tukudlangit** ay nakakapanghinawa.
traffic jam
[Pangngalan]

a large number of bikes, cars, buses, etc. that are waiting in lines behind each other which move very slowly

trapik, siksikan

trapik, siksikan

Ex: The traffic jam cleared up after the accident was cleared from the road .Na-clear ang **traffic jam** matapos maalis ang aksidente mula sa kalsada.
congestion
[Pangngalan]

a state of being overcrowded or blocked, particularly in a street or road

kasiyahan, baraduhan

kasiyahan, baraduhan

Ex: Traffic congestion is a major issue during the holidays.Ang **pagkabara** ng trapiko ay isang malaking isyu tuwing bakasyon.
pollution
[Pangngalan]

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

polusyon, kontaminasyon

polusyon, kontaminasyon

Ex: The pollution caused by plastic waste is a growing environmental crisis .Ang **polusyon** na dulot ng basurang plastik ay isang lumalaking krisis sa kapaligiran.
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