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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 8-9) - War

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la guerre qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen académique IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
armada
armada
[nom]

a massive group of warships organized for military or strategic purposes

armada

armada

Ex: The Spanish armada sailed in 1588 to invade England. 
mercenary

a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army, often motivated by payment rather than ideological or national allegiance

mercenaire, soldat de fortune

mercenaire, soldat de fortune

Ex: The army hired mercenaries to bolster its forces during the conflict in the region. 
armistice

a temporary stoppage or truce in hostilities between parties engaged in a war or conflict

armistice

armistice

Ex: The warring nations signed an armistice agreeing to a one-month ceasefire to allow humanitarian aid delivery and prisoner exchanges. 
barricade

a defensive barrier erected during wartime to obstruct enemy movement and provide protection for defending forces

barricade

barricade

Ex: Soldiers hastily constructed barricades using sandbags to fortify their positions against advancing enemy troops. 
battalion

a military unit composed of a varying number of companies or platoons, typically commanded by a lieutenant colonel

bataillon

bataillon

Ex: The battalion coordinated with other units for the large-scale exercise. 
platoon
platoon
[nom]

a military unit, subdivision of a company, typically with a headquarters and two or more squads, usually led by a lieutenant

peloton

peloton

Ex: The battalion consists of several platoons. 
espionage

the covert gathering of information for political, military, or economic purposes, often conducted by intelligence agencies

espionnage

espionnage

Ex: The spy engaged in espionage activities to uncover sensitive military plans of the opposing nation. 
coup
coup
[nom]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

coup d'état

coup d'état

Ex: The military launched a coup to overthrow the democratically elected government and seize control of the country. 
guerrilla

a person who participates in irregular fighting as a member of an unofficial military group

guérillero

guérillero

Ex: The guerrilla fighters used their knowledge of the terrain to launch surprise attacks on enemy outposts. 
onslaught

a fierce and intense attack, often with the goal of overwhelming the opponent

assaut,  offensive

assaut, offensive

Ex: The army launched a relentless onslaught against enemy positions, pushing them back and gaining ground. 
armament

the military equipment and weaponry used by a country or military force

armement

armement

Ex: The country invested heavily in modernizing its armament, acquiring advanced missile defense systems and fighter jets. 
artillery

big heavy guns that are attached on top of moving wheels or tracks

artillerie

artillerie

Ex: The artillery barrage shook the ground as the shells rained down on the enemy positions. 
arsenal
arsenal
[nom]

a building, complex, or site used for producing, keeping, or repairing arms and ammunition

arsenal

arsenal

Ex: The naval arsenal was attacked during the war. 
deterrent

a military strategy or capability designed to dissuade an adversary from aggression

dissuasion, élément dissuasif

dissuasion, élément dissuasif

Ex: Nuclear weapons serve as a deterrent against potential nuclear attacks. 
ammunition

bullets, shells, or other projectiles used in firearms

munitions, cartouches

munitions, cartouches

Ex: Soldiers checked their ammunition before the battle. 
catapult

a large weapon that was used in ancient times to throw stones or other objects with great force

catapulte

catapulte

Ex: Medieval siege engineers designed ever larger catapults capable of hurling massive projectiles to bring down fortification towers. 
bazooka
bazooka
[nom]

a portable rocket launcher designed for use against tanks and armored vehicles

lance-roquettes portable, bazooka

lance-roquettes portable, bazooka

Ex: The infantry squad carried a bazooka to counter potential armored threats on the battlefield. 
to lance
to lance
[verbe]

to thrust or strike with a long-pointed weapon

transpercer

transpercer

Ex: The knight skillfully lanced his opponent during the jousting competition. 
shrapnel

fragments from an explosion, causing damage to surroundings

éclats, shrapnel

éclats, shrapnel

Ex: The blast sent shrapnel flying in all directions, causing injuries to nearby civilians. 
musket
musket
[nom]

an early firearm with a long barrel, used by infantry from the 16th to 18th centuries

mousquet, fusil à mèche

mousquet, fusil à mèche

Ex: The musket was a standard infantry weapon during the American Revolutionary War. 
mortar
mortar
[nom]

a short-barreled, muzzle-loaded artillery piece that fires explosive shells at high angles for close-range support

mortier, lance-grenades

mortier, lance-grenades

Ex: The soldiers set up a mortar to provide fire support for advancing infantry units. 
affray
affray
[nom]

a public fight involving a group of people, typically causing a disturbance or public disorder

rixe, bagarre

rixe, bagarre

Ex: The police were called to the scene to break up an affray between two rival groups in the city center. 
air raid

an attack by aircraft, typically involving the dropping of bombs, on a location or a series of locations

raid aérien, bombardement aérien

raid aérien, bombardement aérien

Ex: The air raid sirens wailed as citizens rushed to seek shelter during the bombing. 
atrocity

an extremely brutal act, especially in war

atrocité

atrocité

Ex: After the war ended, several leaders were put on trial for the atrocities they had sanctioned. 
bridgehead

an area in hostile territory captured and secured as a foothold for further troops and supplies

tête de pont, point d'appui

tête de pont, point d'appui

Ex: The army established a bridgehead on the far side of the river. 
evacuee
evacuee
[nom]

an individual who is forced to flee from a dangerous place or region

évacué, évacuée

évacué, évacuée

Ex: The evacuees were transported to temporary shelters after their homes were destroyed by the hurricane. 
garrison

a military stronghold where soldiers are stationed for defense

garnison, place forte

garnison, place forte

Ex: The castle served as a garrison for the king's soldiers. 
to blitz
to blitz
[verbe]

to carry out a sudden and intense military attack

déclencher une attaque éclair, lancer un blitz

déclencher une attaque éclair, lancer un blitz

Ex: The military commanders decided to blitz the enemy's positions, hoping to catch them off guard. 
to pillage
to pillage
[verbe]

to plunder, typically during times of war or civil unrest

piller

piller

Ex: The invading army was condemned for its actions as it began to pillage villages, leaving destruction in its wake. 
to plunder
to plunder
[verbe]

to steal goods from a place or person, especially during times of war, chaos, or civil disorder

piller, saccager

piller, saccager

Ex: During the invasion, the army decided to plunder the enemy's resources. 
to strafe
to strafe
[verbe]

to attack ground targets, such as enemy troops or installations, with gunfire from low-flying aircraft

mitrailler, canonner

mitrailler, canonner

Ex: As the ground forces advanced, air support was called in to strafe the opposing troops, disrupting their formation. 
to outflank

to maneuver around the side of an enemy force, position, or defensive line in order to gain a tactical advantage

déborder, contourner

déborder, contourner

Ex: The general devised a plan to outflank the enemy, sending a contingent of troops to attack from the rear. 
to annihilate

to destroy someone or something completely

annihiler

annihiler

Ex: The powerful explosion threatened to annihilate the entire building. 
to vanquish

to defeat someone completely and decisively

vaincre, anéantir

vaincre, anéantir

Ex: The mighty army sought to vanquish the opposing forces and secure dominance over the region. 
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