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Słownictwo do IELTS Academic (Wynik 8-9) - War

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
armada
armada
[Rzeczownik]

a massive group of warships organized for military or strategic purposes

armada, flota wojenna

armada, flota wojenna

Ex: The Spanish armada sailed in 1588 to invade England. 
mercenary
mercenary
[Rzeczownik]

a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army, often motivated by payment rather than ideological or national allegiance

najemnik, żołnierz fortuny

najemnik, żołnierz fortuny

Ex: The army hired mercenaries to bolster its forces during the conflict in the region. 
armistice
armistice
[Rzeczownik]

a temporary stoppage or truce in hostilities between parties engaged in a war or conflict

rozejm, zawieszenie broni

rozejm, zawieszenie broni

Ex: The warring nations signed an armistice agreeing to a one-month ceasefire to allow humanitarian aid delivery and prisoner exchanges. 
barricade
barricade
[Rzeczownik]

a defensive barrier erected during wartime to obstruct enemy movement and provide protection for defending forces

barykada

barykada

Ex: Soldiers hastily constructed barricades using sandbags to fortify their positions against advancing enemy troops. 
battalion
battalion
[Rzeczownik]

a military unit composed of a varying number of companies or platoons, typically commanded by a lieutenant colonel

batalion, jednostka wojskowa

batalion, jednostka wojskowa

Ex: The battalion coordinated with other units for the large-scale exercise. 
platoon
platoon
[Rzeczownik]

a military unit, subdivision of a company, typically with a headquarters and two or more squads, usually led by a lieutenant

pluton, sekcja

pluton, sekcja

Ex: The battalion consists of several platoons. 
espionage
espionage
[Rzeczownik]

the covert gathering of information for political, military, or economic purposes, often conducted by intelligence agencies

szpiegostwo

szpiegostwo

Ex: The spy engaged in espionage activities to uncover sensitive military plans of the opposing nation. 
coup
coup
[Rzeczownik]

an unexpected, illegal, and often violent attempt to change a government

zamach stanu

zamach stanu

Ex: The military launched a coup to overthrow the democratically elected government and seize control of the country. 
guerrilla
guerrilla
[Rzeczownik]

a person who participates in irregular fighting as a member of an unofficial military group

partyzant, bojownik nieregularny

partyzant, bojownik nieregularny

Ex: The guerrilla fighters used their knowledge of the terrain to launch surprise attacks on enemy outposts. 
onslaught
onslaught
[Rzeczownik]

a fierce and intense attack, often with the goal of overwhelming the opponent

natarcie,  ofensywa

natarcie, ofensywa

Ex: The army launched a relentless onslaught against enemy positions, pushing them back and gaining ground. 
armament
armament
[Rzeczownik]

the military equipment and weaponry used by a country or military force

uzbrojenie

uzbrojenie

Ex: The country invested heavily in modernizing its armament, acquiring advanced missile defense systems and fighter jets. 
artillery
artillery
[Rzeczownik]

big heavy guns that are attached on top of moving wheels or tracks

artyleria

artyleria

Ex: The artillery barrage shook the ground as the shells rained down on the enemy positions. 
arsenal
arsenal
[Rzeczownik]

a building, complex, or site used for producing, keeping, or repairing arms and ammunition

arsenał, skład broni

arsenał, skład broni

Ex: The naval arsenal was attacked during the war. 
deterrent
deterrent
[Rzeczownik]

a military strategy or capability designed to dissuade an adversary from aggression

odstraszacz, czynnik odstraszający

odstraszacz, czynnik odstraszający

Ex: Nuclear weapons serve as a deterrent against potential nuclear attacks. 
ammunition
ammunition
[Rzeczownik]

bullets, shells, or other projectiles used in firearms

amunicja, naboje

amunicja, naboje

Ex: Soldiers checked their ammunition before the battle. 
catapult
catapult
[Rzeczownik]

a large weapon that was used in ancient times to throw stones or other objects with great force

katapulta, balista

katapulta, balista

Ex: Medieval siege engineers designed ever larger catapults capable of hurling massive projectiles to bring down fortification towers. 
bazooka
bazooka
[Rzeczownik]

a portable rocket launcher designed for use against tanks and armored vehicles

przenośny granatnik przeciwpancerny, bazooka

przenośny granatnik przeciwpancerny, bazooka

Ex: The infantry squad carried a bazooka to counter potential armored threats on the battlefield. 
to lance
to lance
[Czasownik]

to thrust or strike with a long-pointed weapon

przebijać, wbijać

przebijać, wbijać

Ex: The knight skillfully lanced his opponent during the jousting competition. 
shrapnel
shrapnel
[Rzeczownik]

fragments from an explosion, causing damage to surroundings

odłamki, szrapnel

odłamki, szrapnel

Ex: The blast sent shrapnel flying in all directions, causing injuries to nearby civilians. 
musket
musket
[Rzeczownik]

an early firearm with a long barrel, used by infantry from the 16th to 18th centuries

muszkiet, karabin lontowy

muszkiet, karabin lontowy

Ex: The musket was a standard infantry weapon during the American Revolutionary War. 
mortar
mortar
[Rzeczownik]

a short-barreled, muzzle-loaded artillery piece that fires explosive shells at high angles for close-range support

moździerz, granatnik

moździerz, granatnik

Ex: The soldiers set up a mortar to provide fire support for advancing infantry units. 
affray
affray
[Rzeczownik]

a public fight involving a group of people, typically causing a disturbance or public disorder

bójka, awantura

bójka, awantura

Ex: The police were called to the scene to break up an affray between two rival groups in the city center. 
air raid
air raid
[Rzeczownik]

an attack by aircraft, typically involving the dropping of bombs, on a location or a series of locations

nalot powietrzny, bombardowanie

nalot powietrzny, bombardowanie

Ex: The air raid sirens wailed as citizens rushed to seek shelter during the bombing. 
atrocity
atrocity
[Rzeczownik]

an extremely brutal act, especially in war

okrucieństwo, barbarzyństwo

okrucieństwo, barbarzyństwo

Ex: After the war ended, several leaders were put on trial for the atrocities they had sanctioned. 
bridgehead
bridgehead
[Rzeczownik]

an area in hostile territory captured and secured as a foothold for further troops and supplies

przyczółek, głowa mostu

przyczółek, głowa mostu

Ex: The army established a bridgehead on the far side of the river. 
evacuee
evacuee
[Rzeczownik]

an individual who is forced to flee from a dangerous place or region

ewakuowany, uchodźca

ewakuowany, uchodźca

Ex: The evacuees were transported to temporary shelters after their homes were destroyed by the hurricane. 
garrison
garrison
[Rzeczownik]

a military stronghold where soldiers are stationed for defense

garnizon, twierdza

garnizon, twierdza

Ex: The castle served as a garrison for the king's soldiers. 
to blitz
to blitz
[Czasownik]

to carry out a sudden and intense military attack

przeprowadzić nagły i intensywny atak wojskowy, przeprowadzić blitz

przeprowadzić nagły i intensywny atak wojskowy, przeprowadzić blitz

Ex: The military commanders decided to blitz the enemy's positions, hoping to catch them off guard. 
to pillage
to pillage
[Czasownik]

to plunder, typically during times of war or civil unrest

plądrować, grabić

plądrować, grabić

Ex: The invading army was condemned for its actions as it began to pillage villages, leaving destruction in its wake. 
to plunder
to plunder
[Czasownik]

to steal goods from a place or person, especially during times of war, chaos, or civil disorder

plądrować, grabić

plądrować, grabić

Ex: During the invasion, the army decided to plunder the enemy's resources. 
to strafe
to strafe
[Czasownik]

to attack ground targets, such as enemy troops or installations, with gunfire from low-flying aircraft

ostrzeliwać, bombardować

ostrzeliwać, bombardować

Ex: As the ground forces advanced, air support was called in to strafe the opposing troops, disrupting their formation. 
to outflank
to outflank
[Czasownik]

to maneuver around the side of an enemy force, position, or defensive line in order to gain a tactical advantage

obejść od flanki, oflankować

obejść od flanki, oflankować

Ex: The general devised a plan to outflank the enemy, sending a contingent of troops to attack from the rear. 
to annihilate
to annihilate
[Czasownik]

to destroy someone or something completely

unicestwić, całkowicie zniszczyć

unicestwić, całkowicie zniszczyć

Ex: The powerful explosion threatened to annihilate the entire building. 
to vanquish
to vanquish
[Czasownik]

to defeat someone completely and decisively

pokonać, zniszczyć

pokonać, zniszczyć

Ex: The mighty army sought to vanquish the opposing forces and secure dominance over the region. 
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