IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9) - War

在这里，你将学习一些与战争相关的英语单词，这些单词是学术雅思考试所必需的。

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armada [名词]

a massive group of warships organized for military or strategic purposes

Ex: Pirates feared the armada that controlled the trade routes .

mercenary [名词]

雇佣兵

Ex:

雇佣兵集团将其服务提供给出价最高者，不论政治派别。

armistice [名词]

停战

Ex: After years of bloody fighting , an armistice was at last reached and the battlefield fell silent .

经过多年的血腥战斗，终于达成了停战协议，战场归于沉寂。

barricade [名词]

路障

Ex: The strategic placement of barricades along key routes slowed the enemy 's progress , allowing time for reinforcements to arrive .

在关键路线上战略性地放置路障减缓了敌人的前进，为增援部队的到来争取了时间。

battalion [名词]

营

Ex: The new recruits were assigned to a battalion and began their training .

新兵被分配到一个营并开始了他们的训练。

platoon [名词]

a military unit, subdivision of a company, typically with a headquarters and two or more squads, usually led by a lieutenant

Ex: Each platoon in the battalion has a designated sergeant .

espionage [名词]

间谍活动

Ex: The diplomat was suspected of engaging in espionage , leading to increased surveillance and investigation .

这位外交官被怀疑从事间谍活动，导致监视和调查增加。

coup [名词]

政变

Ex: The failed coup attempt led to widespread political instability and social unrest .

失败的政变企图导致了广泛的政治不稳定和社会动荡。

guerrilla [名词]

游击队员

Ex: The history of the country is marked by guerrilla warfare against colonial powers .

这个国家的历史以对抗殖民势力的游击战争为标志。

onslaught [名词]

猛攻

Ex: The protestors faced an onslaught of tear gas and rubber bullets as they clashed with the police .

抗议者与警察发生冲突时，面临着催泪瓦斯和橡皮子弹的猛攻。

armament [名词]

军备

Ex: The military base displayed an impressive array of armament , showcasing tanks , artillery pieces , and armored vehicles .

军事基地展示了令人印象深刻的军械阵列，包括坦克、火炮和装甲车。

artillery [名词]

炮兵

Ex:

炮兵在战斗中突破防线发挥了关键作用。

arsenal [名词]

兵工厂

Ex: A new arsenal was built to manufacture high-tech weaponry .

建造了一个新的兵工厂来制造高科技武器。

deterrent [名词]

威慑

Ex: A strong military alliance can act as a deterrent to invasion by other nations .

一个强大的军事联盟可以作为对其他国家入侵的威慑。

ammunition [名词]

bullets, shells, or other projectiles used in firearms

Ex: The hunter loaded ammunition into his rifle .

catapult [名词]

投石机

Ex: Engineers worked to improve the counterweight and sling mechanisms on siege catapults to achieve more powerful ranges .

工程师们努力改进攻城投石机的配重和投掷机制，以实现更强大的射程。

bazooka [名词]

便携式火箭发射器

Ex:

在坦克袭击期间，士兵们部署了火箭筒来瞄准并摧毁敌人的装甲车辆。

to lance [动词]

刺

Ex: In the historical reenactment , the cavalry demonstrated how to effectively lance opponents in a simulated battle .

在历史重演中，骑兵展示了如何在模拟战斗中有效地用长矛攻击对手。

shrapnel [名词]

弹片

Ex: Protective vests are designed to minimize the impact of shrapnel on soldiers in combat .

防护背心旨在最大限度地减少战斗中对士兵的弹片影响。

musket [名词]

滑膛枪

Ex: Muskets played a pivotal role in 17th-century European conflicts , changing the nature of battlefield tactics .

火枪在17世纪欧洲的冲突中发挥了关键作用，改变了战场战术的性质。

mortar [名词]

迫击炮

Ex: Mortars are portable artillery pieces capable of firing high-explosive shells over short to medium distances .

迫击炮是一种便携式火炮，能够在短到中等距离内发射高爆弹。

affray [名词]

斗殴

Ex: A large affray erupted at the sports event when fans from opposing teams clashed in the stands .

当对立球队的球迷在看台上发生冲突时，体育赛事中爆发了一场大规模的斗殴。

air raid [名词]

空袭

Ex: The city endured a series of air raids that targeted key industrial and strategic locations .

这座城市遭受了一系列针对关键工业和战略地点的空袭。

atrocity [名词]

暴行

Ex: The museum had an exhibit dedicated to the atrocities of war , showcasing the harsh realities many had faced .

博物馆有一个专门展示战争暴行的展览，展示了许多人所面临的残酷现实。

bridgehead [名词]

an area in hostile territory captured and secured as a foothold for further troops and supplies

Ex: Reinforcements were sent to the bridgehead to strengthen its defenses .

evacuee [名词]

撤离者

Ex: As the floodwaters rose , the rescuers rushed to evacuate the stranded evacuees from their homes .

随着洪水上涨，救援人员急忙从家中疏散被困的撤离者。

garrison [名词]

a military stronghold where soldiers are stationed for defense

Ex: The border town 's garrison was reinforced during wartime .

to blitz [动词]

发动突然而激烈的军事攻击

Ex:

军队被动员起来闪电战叛乱分子的据点，旨在迅速瓦解他们的防御能力。

to pillage [动词]

掠夺

Ex: During the siege , marauding forces sought to pillage the city , taking whatever valuables they could find .

在围城期间，掠夺部队试图掠夺这座城市，拿走他们能找到的任何贵重物品。

to plunder [动词]

掠夺

Ex: Historical accounts describe how invaders would plunder villages and towns during conflicts .

历史记载描述了入侵者如何在冲突期间掠夺村庄和城镇。

to strafe [动词]

扫射

Ex: During the reconnaissance mission , the aircraft had to strafe hostile positions to ensure the safety of the ground team .

在侦察任务期间，飞机不得不扫射敌方阵地以确保地面团队的安全。

to outflank [动词]

侧翼包围

Ex: During the battle , the cavalry was strategically positioned to outflank the opposing infantry , disrupting their formation .

在战斗中，骑兵被战略性地布置以包抄敌方步兵，打乱他们的阵型。

to annihilate [动词]

歼灭

Ex: The powerful explosion threatened to annihilate the entire building .

强大的爆炸威胁要摧毁整栋建筑。

to vanquish [动词]

征服

Ex: The general 's strategic brilliance enabled the troops to vanquish the enemy , leading to their unconditional surrender .

将军的战略才华使部队能够击败敌人，导致他们无条件投降。

IELTS学术词汇 (分数8-9)
尺寸和规模	尺寸和面积	重量和稳定性	形状
数量增加	金额减少	Intensity	Speed
Significance	独特性	Value	Complexity
挑战	Quality	Success	Failure
体型	年龄与外貌	Wellness	Intelligence
人类特质	积极的情感反应	负面情绪反应	积极情绪状态
负面情绪状态	社会行为	味道和气味	纹理
声音	Temperature	意见	想法与决定
鼓励与气馁	尊重与批准	请求和建议	尝试与预防
运动	肢体语言和手势	指挥和给予权限	从事口头交流
吃喝	准备食物	Science	改变和形成
Education	Astronomy	Physics	Biology
Chemistry	Geology	Philosophy	Psychology
数学与图表	Geometry	Environment	能量与功率
景观与地理	Engineering	Technology	Internet
Computer	History	Religion	文化与习俗
Language	Arts	Music	电影与戏剧
Literature	Architecture	Marketing	Finance
Management	Medicine	疾病与症状	Law
Crime	Punishment	Government	Politics
War	Measurement	情感	旅行与迁移
Weather	Pollution	灾难	动物
食物和饮料	方式副词