Anglais et Connaissances du Monde pour l'ACT - Monde physique

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

abrasion, usure

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

friction

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

extérieur

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

immersion, submersion

the act of producing or releasing something, especially gas or radiation, into the atmosphere or environment

émission, libération

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

particule, élément

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

flambée

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

lattes, planches

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

enclos, enceinte

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface, often used for decorative or functional purposes such as display, storage, or seating

recoin, alcôve

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

alcôve

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

rebord, contour

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

bord de la route, côté de la rue

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

bosselure, enfoncement

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

douille, prise

the highest point where two roof slopes meet, forming a horizontal line along the top of the roof

faîte, arête

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

rainure, caniveau

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

dalle, bloc

a long, narrow excavation or ditch dug into the ground, typically for military purposes, drainage, or archaeological exploration

tranchée, fosse

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

suie

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

vernis, couche protectrice

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

vide, espace vide

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

vide

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

inscription, gravure

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

gratter, racler

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

immerger

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

hacher

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

pulvériser, réduire en poudre

to make something slightly wet or moist

humecter, moister

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

tremper, imbiber

to produce small drops of liquid on the surface of the skin, often as a result of physical exertion, anxiety, or heat

suer, transpirer

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

nourrir

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

contaminer, entacher

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

entrer en collision avec

to make it so that nothing can move through something

boucher, obstruer

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

pénétrer

to cause injury to the surface of one's skin by rubbing it against something rough

écorcher, érafler, égratigner

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

éclater

to crack something into multiple parts or pieces

fracturer, casser, briser

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

ouvrir

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

fendre, couper

to take apart or disassemble a structure, machine, or object, breaking it down into its individual parts

démonter, démanteler

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

dévisser, dévisser

to break suddenly into several pieces

briser, fracasser

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

s’effondrer

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

démolir, détruire, abattre

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

aérien, en vol

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

sombre, négligé