ACT 英語と世界知識 - 物理世界

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

摩擦, 擦過

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

摩擦, 摩擦力

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

外装, 外面

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

浸漬, 沈浸

the act of producing or releasing something, especially gas or radiation, into the atmosphere or environment

排出, 放出

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

粒子, 小片

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

炎, 火焰

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

スラット, 板

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

囲い, プレハブ

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface, often used for decorative or functional purposes such as display, storage, or seating

ニッチ, へこみ

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

アールコーブ, ニッチ

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

リム, 縁

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

カーブサイド, 路肩

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

へこみ, 凹み

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

ソケット, 穴

the highest point where two roof slopes meet, forming a horizontal line along the top of the roof

屋根の頂点, 屋根の稜線

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

溝, 凹み

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

スラブ, 板

a long, narrow excavation or ditch dug into the ground, typically for military purposes, drainage, or archaeological exploration

溝（みぞ）, トレンチ

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

すす

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

ニス, ワニス

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

空虚, 空間

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

真空, 絶対真空

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

碑文, 彫刻

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

削る, こすり落とす

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

沈める, 浸す

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

挽く, 砕く

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

粉砕する, 細かくする

to make something slightly wet or moist

湿らせる, 濡らす

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

びしょ濡れにする, 浸す

to produce small drops of liquid on the surface of the skin, often as a result of physical exertion, anxiety, or heat

発汗する, 汗をかく

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

栄養を与える, 養う

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

汚染する, 傷つける

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

衝突する, ぶつかる

to make it so that nothing can move through something

詰まらせる, 阻害する

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

貫通する, 侵入する

to cause injury to the surface of one's skin by rubbing it against something rough

擦りむく, かすり傷を負わせる

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

破裂する, 爆発する

to crack something into multiple parts or pieces

ひびが入る, 割れる

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

破裂する, 亀裂が入る

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

切る, 割る

to take apart or disassemble a structure, machine, or object, breaking it down into its individual parts

分解する, 解体する

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

外す, 緩める

to break suddenly into several pieces

粉々にする, 壊す

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

崩壊する, 倒れる

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

解体する, 壊す

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

空中の, 航空の

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

薄汚い, あまり手入れされていない