اللغة الإنجليزية والمعرفة العالمية ACT - العالم المادي

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

تآكل, تآكل السطح

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

احتكاك, تَماس

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

السطح الخارجي, الخارجية

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

غمر, تغطيس

the act of producing or releasing something, especially gas or radiation, into the atmosphere or environment

انبعاث, إصدار

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

جزئية, ذرة

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

لهب, شعلة

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

شرائح, أحزمة

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

سياج, enclosed area

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface, often used for decorative or functional purposes such as display, storage, or seating

جيب, نيش

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

ركن, نيش

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

حافة, هوامش

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

جانب الرصيف, حافة الطريق

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

التجويف, الانخفاض

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

مقبس, فتحة

the highest point where two roof slopes meet, forming a horizontal line along the top of the roof

قمّة السقف, جدار السقف

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

شَرَف, خَطّ

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

لوح, slabs

a long, narrow excavation or ditch dug into the ground, typically for military purposes, drainage, or archaeological exploration

خندق, حفرة

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

السناج

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

ورنيش, طلاء

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

فراغ, حُفرة

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

فراغ, فراغ مطلق

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

نقش, كتابة

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

كشط, حك

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

يغمر, يتركز

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

طحن, سحق

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

يسحق, يطحن

to make something slightly wet or moist

ترطيب, بلل

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

غمر, شددت

to produce small drops of liquid on the surface of the skin, often as a result of physical exertion, anxiety, or heat

يتعرق, رَطَبَ

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

يغذي, يُعيل

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

تلوث, ينجس

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

تصادم, اصطدام

to make it so that nothing can move through something

سَدّ, حجب

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

يتغلغل, يخترق

to cause injury to the surface of one's skin by rubbing it against something rough

خدش, سحج

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

انفجر, تحطم

to crack something into multiple parts or pieces

ينكسر, يتشقق

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

انفجر, تمزق

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

شق, قطع

to take apart or disassemble a structure, machine, or object, breaking it down into its individual parts

تفكيك, 拆解

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

فك, حل

to break suddenly into several pieces

تحطم, كسر

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

انهار, تداعى

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

تدمير, هدم

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

هوائي, في الهواء

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

داكن, مهمل