ACT انگلیسی و دانش جهانی - دنیای فیزیکی

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

سایش, فرسایش

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

اصطکاک

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

(نمای) بیرونی, ظاهر

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

غرق شدن, فروبردن

the act of producing or releasing something, especially gas or radiation, into the atmosphere or environment

انتشار (آلاینده گازی، رادیواکتیو و غیره)

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

ذره, جزء

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

شعله, اخگر، زبانه آتش

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

لایه, تخته

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

محصور سازی, مکان محصور

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface, often used for decorative or functional purposes such as display, storage, or seating

niche, فرورفتگی

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

شاه‌نشین

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

حاشیه, لب

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

کنار خیابان, کنار دستا

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

فرورفتگی, چاله

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

سوراخ, پورت

the highest point where two roof slopes meet, forming a horizontal line along the top of the roof

نوک سقف, خط افقی سقف

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

شیار, فرورفتگی

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

تختال, اسلب

a long, narrow excavation or ditch dug into the ground, typically for military purposes, drainage, or archaeological exploration

خندق, گودال

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

دوده

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

جلا

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

خالی, خلا

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

خلأ

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

نقش, نگار

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

خراشیدن, تراشیدن

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

غوطه‌ور ساختن, زیر آب کردن

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

کوبیدن, ساییدن

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

پودر کردن, خرد کردن

to make something slightly wet or moist

مرطوب کردن

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

خیس کردن, فرو بردن

to produce small drops of liquid on the surface of the skin, often as a result of physical exertion, anxiety, or heat

عرق ریختن, خیس عرق شدن، عرق کردن

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

غذا دادن

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

آلوده کردن, ننگین کردن

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

به‌هم خوردن

to make it so that nothing can move through something

مسدود کردن

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

نفوذ کردن در, به داخل سرایت کردن، رخنه کردن

to cause injury to the surface of one's skin by rubbing it against something rough

خراشیدن (پوست)

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

منفجر شدن

to crack something into multiple parts or pieces

خرد کردن

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

ترکیدن, پاره شدن

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

شکافتن, برش دادن

to take apart or disassemble a structure, machine, or object, breaking it down into its individual parts

از هم باز کردن

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

آزاد کردن, باز کردن

to break suddenly into several pieces

خرد شدن, شکستن، تکه‌تکه شدن

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

فرو ریختن, فرو پاشیدن

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

تخریب کردن, ویران کردن، کوبیدن

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

هوازی, در هوا

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

چرک‌تاب, رنگ‌ورورفته