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Mathématiques et Évaluation ACT - Comparaison

Apprenez le vocabulaire ACT pour la comparaison, y compris les similitudes, les différences, les contrastes, les proportions, la taille relative, le degré et les relations entre les valeurs ou les idées.

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ACT Vocabulary for Math and Assessment
to resemble

to be similar to someone or something in appearance, character, or other qualities

ressembler à

ressembler à

Ex: The new building resembles a ship from a distance. 
to simulate

to match the same qualities as someone or something

simuler

simuler

Ex: Video game designers strive to simulate the physics of real-world interactions for a more immersive experience. 

Les concepteurs de jeux vidéo s'efforcent de simuler la physique des interactions du monde réel pour une expérience plus immersive.

to liken
to liken
[verbe]

to compare or represent something as similar to something else

comparer, assimiler

comparer, assimiler

Ex: She frequently likens the taste of the exotic fruit to that of a mango. 

Elle compare fréquemment le goût du fruit exotique à celui d'une mangue.

to vary
to vary
[verbe]

to differ or deviate from a standard or expected condition

varier, différer

varier, différer

Ex: The temperature in this region varies greatly throughout the year. 
to differentiate

to recognize the difference present between two people or things

faire la différence entre

faire la différence entre

Ex: She is currently differentiating between the various types of flowers in the garden. 
to distinguish

to recognize and mentally separate two things, people, etc.

distinguer

distinguer

Ex: She could easily distinguish between identical twins by their personalities. 
to contrast

to compare two people or things so that their differences are noticeable

comparer, exposer les différences entre

comparer, exposer les différences entre

Ex: Can you please contrast the main characters in the novel? 
counterpart

a person or thing that has a similar role, function, position, or characteristics to another

homologue

homologue

Ex: The new model is cheaper than its European counterpart. 
antithesis

the direct opposite or contrasting counterpart to something

antithèse

antithèse

Ex: Whereas optimism sees possibilities, pessimism is more or less its antithesis of always anticipating the worst. 

Alors que l'optimisme voit des possibilités, le pessimisme est plus ou moins son antithèse, anticipant toujours le pire.

polarity

the opposition between two opinions, tendencies, etc.

polarité

polarité

parallel

a resemblance or comparison between two things

parallèle

parallèle

Ex: There is a parallel between the rise of social media and changes in communication patterns. 
chasm
chasm
[nom]

a profound division separating people, beliefs, or viewpoints

gouffre

gouffre

Ex: The debate revealed a chasm in their understanding of climate science. 

Le débat a révélé un gouffre dans leur compréhension de la science du climat.

incongruity

lack of harmony, consistency, or compatibility between two or more elements

incongruité, dissonance

incongruité, dissonance

Ex: The incongruity between her cheerful demeanor and the seriousness of the situation was striking. 

L'incongruité entre son attitude joyeuse et la gravité de la situation était frappante.

diversity

the state of including or containing many different types, characteristics, or elements

diversité

diversité

Ex: The course offers a remarkable diversity of topics. 
distinction

an obvious difference between two similar or related things or persons

distinction

distinction

Ex: The company made a clear distinction between its high-end and budget product lines. 
disparity

a noticeable and often significant difference or inequality between two or more things

disparité, inégalité

disparité, inégalité

Ex: Studies have shown growing disparities in standardized test scores based on school funding and socioeconomic status. 

Des études ont montré des disparités croissantes dans les résultats aux tests standardisés en fonction du financement des écoles et du statut socio-économique.

divergence

a difference in interests, views, opinions, etc.

divergence

divergence

Ex: There was a clear ideological divergence between the conservative and progressive factions on social issues. 

Il y avait une divergence idéologique claire entre les factions conservatrices et progressistes sur les questions sociales.

discrepancy

a lack of similarity between facts, reports, claims, or other things that are supposed to be alike

divergence, différence

divergence, différence

Ex: There was a glaring discrepancy in the witness statements, which made the case harder to resolve. 

Il y avait une divergence flagrante dans les déclarations des témoins, ce qui a rendu l'affaire plus difficile à résoudre.

inconsistency

a specific aspect or element characterized by lack of uniformity, regularity, or harmony

incohérence,  contradiction

incohérence, contradiction

Ex: There was an inconsistency in the data that required further investigation. 

Il y avait une incohérence dans les données qui nécessitait une enquête plus approfondie.

identical
identical
[Adjectif]

similar in every detail and totally alike

identique

identique

Ex: The two houses on the street are identical in design and color. 

Les deux maisons de la rue sont identiques en design et en couleur.

analogous
analogous
[Adjectif]

able to be compared with another thing due to sharing a similar feature, nature, etc.

analogue

analogue

Ex: The concept of supply and demand in economics is analogous to the law of cause and effect in physics. 

Le concept de l'offre et de la demande en économie est analogue à la loi de cause à effet en physique.

homogeneous
homogeneous
[Adjectif]

composed of things or people of the same or very similar type

homogène

homogène

Ex: The mixture appeared homogeneous, with all the ingredients evenly distributed. 

Le mélange semblait homogène, avec tous les ingrédients uniformément répartis.

disproportionate

not in proper relation or balance to something else

disproportionné, inéquitable

disproportionné, inéquitable

Ex: The cost of the repairs was disproportionate to the value of the car, making it more practical to buy a new one. 

Le coût des réparations était disproportionné par rapport à la valeur de la voiture, ce qui rendait plus pratique d'en acheter une nouvelle.

jarring
jarring
[Adjectif]

conflicting or out of harmony, creating an unpleasant or startling effect

discordant, choquant

discordant, choquant

Ex: The use of slang in the formal presentation was jarring and seemed out of place. 

L'utilisation d'argot dans la présentation formelle était déconcertante et semblait déplacée.

contrary
contrary
[Adjectif]

opposite or very different in nature, character, opinion, or effect

contraire

contraire

Ex: Emma expressed a view contrary to the majority opinion. 
distinct
distinct
[Adjectif]

separate and different in a way that is easily recognized

distinct

distinct

Ex: The two cultures have distinct customs and traditions, despite sharing geographical proximity. 

Les deux cultures ont des coutumes et des traditions distinctes, malgré leur proximité géographique.

disparate
disparate
[Adjectif]

not sharing any form of similarity

disparate

disparate

Ex: Scientists were trying to better understand how such disparate lifeforms could share so much genetic material. 

Les scientifiques essayaient de mieux comprendre comment des formes de vie si différentes pouvaient partager autant de matériel génétique.

relative
relative
[Adjectif]

measured or judged in comparison to something else

relatif

relatif

Ex: His achievements are impressive in relative terms to his resources. 
conflicting
conflicting
[Adjectif]

showing opposing ideas or opinions that do not agree, causing confusion or disagreement

contradictoire, divergent

contradictoire, divergent

Ex: The siblings often had conflicting schedules, which made it challenging to plan family gatherings. 

Les frères et sœurs avaient souvent des emplois du temps contradictoires, ce qui rendait difficile la planification des réunions de famille.

incompatible
incompatible
[Adjectif]

(of two or more things) not able to exist or work together harmoniously due to fundamental differences or contradictions

incompatible

incompatible

Ex: Their personalities were incompatible, leading to frequent arguments. 

Leurs personnalités étaient incompatibles, ce qui conduisait à des disputes fréquentes.

contradictory
contradictory
[Adjectif]

(of statements, beliefs, facts, etc.) incompatible or opposed to one another, even if not strictly illogical

contradictoire

contradictoire

Ex: Her emotions seemed contradictory—laughing one minute and crying the next. 

Ses émotions semblaient contradictoires—riant une minute et pleurant la suivante.

inconsistent
inconsistent
[Adjectif]

(of two statements, etc.) not agreeing with one another

contradictoire, ne pas concorder

contradictoire, ne pas concorder

Ex: The opinions of the committee members were inconsistent, with some supporting the proposal and others strongly opposing it. 

Les opinions des membres du comité étaient incohérentes, certains soutenant la proposition et d'autres s'y opposant fermement.

akin
akin
[Adjectif]

having similar characteristics or qualities

semblable à, analogue à

semblable à, analogue à

Ex: His writing style is akin to that of Hemingway, characterized by concise prose and straightforward language. 

Son style d'écriture est similaire à celui de Hemingway, caractérisé par une prose concise et un langage direct.

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