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Kosakata Penting untuk GRE - Rumah Kartu

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata bahasa Inggris tentang politik, seperti "bilateral", "utopia", "koalisi", dll., yang diperlukan untuk ujian GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
utopia
[Kata benda]

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

utopia, surga imajiner

utopia, surga imajiner

Ex: Many people hope for a utopia but find it difficult to achieve in reality .Banyak orang berharap untuk sebuah **utopia** tetapi sulit mencapainya dalam kenyataan.
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wing
[Kata benda]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

sayap, fraksi

sayap, fraksi

Ex: The extremist wing of the movement advocated for radical changes to immigration laws and border security .**Sayap** ekstrem dari gerakan tersebut mengadvokasi perubahan radikal dalam hukum imigrasi dan keamanan perbatasan.
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conservatism
[Kata benda]

a political belief with an inclination to keep the traditional values in a society by avoiding changes

konservatisme

konservatisme

Ex: Conservatism promotes a strong sense of community and social cohesion .**Konservatisme** mempromosikan rasa komunitas dan kohesi sosial yang kuat.
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utilitarianism
[Kata benda]

the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people

utilitarianisme, doktrin utilitas

utilitarianisme, doktrin utilitas

Ex: Utilitarianism is often applied in fields such as public policy , economics , and ethics , where decisions are made with the aim of maximizing social welfare or utility .**Utilitarianisme** sering diterapkan dalam bidang-bidang seperti kebijakan publik, ekonomi, dan etika, di mana keputusan dibuat dengan tujuan memaksimalkan kesejahteraan sosial atau utilitas.
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apolitical
[Adjektiva]

having no interest or involvement in politics

apolitis, tidak tertarik pada politik

apolitis, tidak tertarik pada politik

Ex: The community center served as an apolitical space , welcoming everyone regardless of their political beliefs to engage in recreational activities .Pusat komunitas berfungsi sebagai ruang **apolitik**, menyambut semua orang terlepas dari keyakinan politik mereka untuk terlibat dalam kegiatan rekreasi.
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bilateral
[Adjektiva]

concerning two groups or countries

bilateral

bilateral

Ex: A bilateral agreement was reached on environmental protection .Sebuah perjanjian **bilateral** dicapai mengenai perlindungan lingkungan.
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bureaucracy
[Kata benda]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

birokrasi, administrasi birokratis

birokrasi, administrasi birokratis

Ex: The manager found the bureaucracy to be a big obstacle .Manajer menemukan **birokrasi** sebagai hambatan besar.
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to canvass
[kata kerja]

to gather people's opinion about a particular matter by posing specific questions, aiming to obtain feedback or information

menjajaki, berkonsultasi

menjajaki, berkonsultasi

Ex: They will canvass residents about the proposed changes to zoning laws .Mereka akan **mengumpulkan pendapat** warga tentang perubahan yang diusulkan untuk undang-undang zonasi.
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centralism
[Kata benda]

a political system that invests all the power and authority on a single prominent organization

sentralisme, pemusatan

sentralisme, pemusatan

Ex: Centralism was favored by leaders who wanted to ensure uniform policies across the entire nation.**Sentralisme** disukai oleh pemimpin yang ingin memastikan kebijakan seragam di seluruh negeri.
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tyrant
[Kata benda]

a ruler or leader who has absolute power and uses it in a cruel and oppressive way, without any regard for the rights or well-being of others

tiran, despot

tiran, despot

Ex: The tyrant enforced strict laws that stifled any form of dissent or opposition .**Tiran** memberlakukan hukum ketat yang meredam segala bentuk perbedaan pendapat atau oposisi.
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swing vote
[Kata benda]

an unpredictable vote that belongs to a person or party which has a crucial influence on the results of an election

suara penentu, suara krusial

suara penentu, suara krusial

Ex: Her position on healthcare issues helped her attract the crucial swing vote.Posisinya tentang masalah kesehatan membantunya menarik **suara pemilih yang belum menentukan pilihan** yang krusial.
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straw poll
[Kata benda]

an unofficial test of opinion that includes a number of people who give their opinion about something or say whether or not they intend to participate in an election

jajak pendapat tidak resmi, pemungutan suara dengan mengangkat tangan

jajak pendapat tidak resmi, pemungutan suara dengan mengangkat tangan

Ex: The organizers ran a straw poll to test the level of enthusiasm for the proposed changes .Para penyelenggara melakukan **jajak pendapat tidak resmi** untuk menguji tingkat antusiasme terhadap perubahan yang diusulkan.
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cabinet
[Kata benda]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

kabinet

kabinet

Ex: The cabinet reshuffle aimed to bring fresh perspectives and expertise to address pressing social welfare issues .Reshuffle **kabinet** bertujuan untuk membawa perspektif dan keahlian baru dalam menangani masalah kesejahteraan sosial yang mendesak.
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coalition
[Kata benda]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

koalisi, aliansi

koalisi, aliansi

Ex: The trade union formed a coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .Serikat pekerja membentuk **koalisi** dengan organisasi mahasiswa untuk memperjuangkan kondisi kerja yang lebih baik dan pendidikan yang terjangkau.
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confederation
[Kata benda]

an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another

konfederasi, aliansi

konfederasi, aliansi

Ex: The confederation model allows for cooperation and coordination among member states while preserving their autonomy and identity .Model **konfederasi** memungkinkan kerja sama dan koordinasi di antara negara anggota sambil mempertahankan otonomi dan identitas mereka.
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constituency
[Kata benda]

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

daerah pemilihan, pemilih

daerah pemilihan, pemilih

Ex: A survey was conducted to gauge the opinion of the constituency on the new tax reform .Sebuah survei dilakukan untuk mengukur pendapat **konstituen** tentang reformasi pajak baru.
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constitutional
[Adjektiva]

relating to or in accordance with the rules laid out in a constitution, which is a set of fundamental laws for a country or organization

konstitusional, sesuai konstitusi

konstitusional, sesuai konstitusi

Ex: Constitutional reforms aimed to modernize the legal framework and enhance democratic governance .Reformasi **konstitusional** bertujuan untuk memodernisasi kerangka hukum dan meningkatkan tata kelola demokratis.
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demagogue
[Kata benda]

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

demagog, penghasut

demagog, penghasut

Ex: Democracy is vulnerable to the influence of demagogues who prioritize their own power over the welfare of the people .Demokrasi rentan terhadap pengaruh **demagog** yang mengutamakan kekuasaan mereka sendiri di atas kesejahteraan rakyat.
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to destabilize
[kata kerja]

to make something uncertain by introducing changes that disrupt its stability

menggoyahkan, mengacaukan

menggoyahkan, mengacaukan

Ex: Political unrest has the potential to destabilize a region .Kerusuhan politik berpotensi **mengganggu stabilitas** suatu wilayah.
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diplomacy
[Kata benda]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomasi

diplomasi

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .
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egalitarian
[Kata benda]

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

egaliter, pendukung kesetaraan

egaliter, pendukung kesetaraan

Ex: The egalitarian’s speech inspired many to join the movement for racial equality .Pidato **egaliter** menginspirasi banyak orang untuk bergabung dengan gerakan kesetaraan ras.
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electorate
[Kata benda]

the group of people who are eligible to vote in an election

elektorat, badan pemilih

elektorat, badan pemilih

Ex: Candidates often tailor their messages to address the concerns of the electorate.Para kandidat sering menyesuaikan pesan mereka untuk mengatasi kekhawatiran **pemilih**.
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to enfranchise
[kata kerja]

to grant the right of voting to a person or group

membebaskan, memberikan hak pilih

membebaskan, memberikan hak pilih

Ex: The reform was designed to enfranchise minority groups who had been historically excluded .Reformasi dirancang untuk **memberikan hak pilih** kepada kelompok minoritas yang secara historis dikecualikan.
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fanatic
[Kata benda]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanatik, ekstremis

fanatik, ekstremis

Ex: The group was led by a fanatic who believed strongly in his radical ideology .Kelompok itu dipimpin oleh seorang **fanatik** yang sangat percaya pada ideologi radikalnya.
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federalism
[Kata benda]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

federalisme

federalisme

Ex: The principles of federalism were designed to protect the sovereignty of individual states while maintaining a unified national government .Prinsip-prinsip **federalisme** dirancang untuk melindungi kedaulatan negara bagian individu sambil mempertahankan pemerintah nasional yang bersatu.
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feudalism
[Kata benda]

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

feodalisme, sistem feodal

feodalisme, sistem feodal

Ex: The concept of feudalism shaped the political and economic systems of medieval kingdoms .Konsep **feodalisme** membentuk sistem politik dan ekonomi kerajaan abad pertengahan.
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frontier
[Kata benda]

an area located at a border, where two countries or regions meet

perbatasan, batas

perbatasan, batas

Ex: The soldiers were stationed at the frontier to monitor any movement between the two countries .Para prajurit ditempatkan di **perbatasan** untuk memantau pergerakan antara dua negara.
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geopolitics
[Kata benda]

the study of how geography influences global political and economic interactions

geopolitik

geopolitik

Ex: Geopolitics is evident in the competition for influence in strategic locations , as seen in geopolitical rivalries in the South China Sea or the Baltic region .**Geopolitik** terlihat jelas dalam persaingan untuk pengaruh di lokasi-lokasi strategis, seperti terlihat dalam persaingan geopolitik di Laut China Selatan atau wilayah Baltik.
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imperialism
[Kata benda]

a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them

imperialisme, kolonialisme

imperialisme, kolonialisme

Ex: During the era of imperialism, major powers often competed for control over territories .Pada era **imperialisme**, kekuatan-kekuatan besar sering bersaing untuk menguasai wilayah.
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inauguration
[Kata benda]

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

pelantikan

pelantikan

Ex: The inauguration festivities included parades , concerts , and fireworks to celebrate the new administration .Perayaan **pelantikan** termasuk parade, konser, dan kembang api untuk merayakan pemerintahan baru.
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isolationism
[Kata benda]

the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs

isolasionisme

isolasionisme

Ex: The government 's shift towards isolationism was seen as a response to global instability .Pergeseran pemerintah menuju **isolasionisme** dipandang sebagai respons terhadap ketidakstabilan global.
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interventionism
[Kata benda]

a political approach advocating the government participation in other nations' affairs or influencing the economy of its own country

intervensionisme, kebijakan intervensi

intervensionisme, kebijakan intervensi

Ex: The rise in interventionism was seen as a response to economic instability .Kenaikan **intervensi** dilihat sebagai respons terhadap ketidakstabilan ekonomi.
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legislative
[Adjektiva]

relating to the making and passing of laws by government bodies

legislatif

legislatif

Ex: The legislative process typically involves multiple stages , including committee review , floor debate , and final vote .Proses **legislatif** biasanya melibatkan beberapa tahap, termasuk tinjauan komite, debat di sidang paripurna, dan pemungutan suara akhir.
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liberalism
[Kata benda]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

liberalisme, doktrin liberal

liberalisme, doktrin liberal

Ex: Critics argue that liberalism can sometimes overlook the needs of marginalized groups , but its proponents believe that personal freedom and democratic institutions ultimately benefit everyone .Para kritikus berpendapat bahwa **liberalisme** terkadang dapat mengabaikan kebutuhan kelompok marginal, tetapi para pendukungnya percaya bahwa kebebasan pribadi dan institusi demokratis pada akhirnya menguntungkan semua orang.
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manifesto
[Kata benda]

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

manifesto, pernyataan publik

manifesto, pernyataan publik

Ex: The student union published a manifesto to advocate for better educational resources .Serikat mahasiswa menerbitkan **manifesto** untuk mengadvokasi sumber daya pendidikan yang lebih baik.
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pacifism
[Kata benda]

the ideology that advocates the unjustifiable nature of war or any other act of violence, and seeks out peace

pasifisme, tanpa kekerasan

pasifisme, tanpa kekerasan

Ex: His pacifism influenced his stance on international diplomacy and peace treaties .**Pasifisme**nya mempengaruhi sikapnya terhadap diplomasi internasional dan perjanjian perdamaian.
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oligarchy
[Kata benda]

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

oligarki, pemerintahan oleh kelompok kecil

oligarki, pemerintahan oleh kelompok kecil

Ex: The rise of oligarchy often leads to corruption and nepotism , as ruling elites prioritize their own interests over those of the broader population .Kebangkitan **oligarki** sering mengarah pada korupsi dan nepotisme, karena elit penguasa mengutamakan kepentingan mereka sendiri daripada kepentingan populasi yang lebih luas.
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reactionary
[Adjektiva]

strongly against any political or social changes or any new ideas

reaksioner, konservatif

reaksioner, konservatif

Ex: She found the reactionary policies to be out of touch with current needs .Dia menemukan kebijakan **reaksioner** tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan saat ini.
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parliamentary
[Adjektiva]

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

parlementer, berkaitan dengan parlemen

parlementer, berkaitan dengan parlemen

Ex: The parliamentary session begins with the opening speech by the head of state or government .Sidang **parlemen** dimulai dengan pidato pembukaan oleh kepala negara atau pemerintahan.
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populism
[Kata benda]

a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support

populisme, demagogi

populisme, demagogi

Ex: The rise of populism in recent years has been attributed to widespread dissatisfaction with traditional political parties and the impact of globalization on local economies and cultures .Kebangkitan **populisme** dalam beberapa tahun terakhir dikaitkan dengan ketidakpuasan yang meluas terhadap partai politik tradisional dan dampak globalisasi terhadap ekonomi dan budaya lokal.
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propaganda
[Kata benda]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The rise of social media has made it easier to disseminate propaganda quickly and widely .Kemunculan media sosial telah memudahkan penyebaran **propaganda** dengan cepat dan luas.
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