GRE必备词汇 - 纸牌屋

在这里,你将学习一些关于政治的英语单词,如“双边”、“乌托邦”、“联盟”等,这些都是GRE考试所需要的。

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GRE必备词汇
utopia [名词]
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乌托邦

Ex: The novel described a utopia with no conflict or poverty .

这部小说描述了一个没有冲突或贫困的乌托邦

wing [名词]
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Ex: The liberal wing of the legislature championed social justice reforms and environmental protections .

立法机构的自由倡导了社会正义改革和环境保护。

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保守主义

Ex: The politician 's platform is rooted in conservatism , advocating for lower taxes and reduced government spending .

这位政治家的政纲植根于保守主义,主张降低税收和减少政府开支。

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功利主义

Ex: Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill are among the most influential proponents of utilitarianism , advocating for a moral calculus based on the principle of utility .

杰里米·边沁和约翰·斯图尔特·密尔是功利主义最有影响力的支持者之一,主张基于效用原则的道德计算。

apolitical [形容词]
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不关心政治的

Ex: Despite working in the political realm , Jane remained apolitical , focusing solely on humanitarian efforts rather than aligning with any party .

尽管在政治领域工作,简仍然不关心政治,只专注于人道主义努力,而不是与任何政党结盟。

bilateral [形容词]
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双边的

Ex: They held a bilateral meeting to discuss the new policy .

他们举行了一次双边会议来讨论新政策。

bureaucracy [名词]
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官僚主义

Ex: The bureaucracy oversees administrative functions and policymaking without direct public elections .

官僚机构在没有直接公众选举的情况下监督行政职能和决策。

to canvass [动词]
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to seek or gather opinions by asking questions or conducting a survey

Ex: We need to canvass local businesses to understand their needs .
centralism [名词]
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中央集权主义

Ex: The centralism of the regime was evident in its tight control over all administrative functions .

政权的中央集权主义在其对所有行政职能的严格控制中是显而易见的。

tyrant [名词]
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暴君

Ex: His reign was marked by brutality , and he was widely recognized as a tyrant .

他的统治以残暴为标志,被广泛认为是一个暴君

swing vote [名词]
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关键一票

Ex: In the tight race , the swing vote became the center of media attention .

在激烈的竞争中,摇摆票成为媒体关注的焦点。

straw poll [名词]
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非正式民意调查

Ex: They used a straw poll to estimate how many people would attend the community event .

他们使用了一次非正式民意调查来估计有多少人会参加社区活动。

cabinet [名词]
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内阁

Ex: The President convened a cabinet meeting to discuss national security issues and economic policy .

总统召开了一次内阁会议,讨论国家安全问题和经济政策。

coalition [名词]
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联盟

Ex: During the crisis , a coalition of nations came together to provide humanitarian aid to the affected region .

在危机期间,一个联盟的国家聚集在一起向受影响地区提供人道主义援助。

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a union or league of political entities or organizations, often for common purposes

Ex: Historical confederations often arose for mutual defense .
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选区

Ex: The constituency voiced strong support for the proposed legislation .

选区对提议的立法表示了强烈支持。

constitutional [形容词]
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宪法的

Ex: The president 's actions were subject to constitutional scrutiny by the legislative branch .

总统的行动受到了立法部门的宪法审查。

demagogue [名词]
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煽动者

Ex: History is filled with examples of demagogues who manipulated the masses through charismatic speeches and appeals to populism .

历史上充满了通过魅力演讲和诉诸民粹主义来操纵群众的煽动者的例子。

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破坏稳定

Ex: Economic downturns can destabilize the financial stability of a nation .

经济低迷可能会破坏一个国家的金融稳定。

diplomacy [名词]
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外交

Ex: She pursued a career in diplomacy , working as an ambassador .
egalitarian [名词]
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平等主义者

Ex:

她作为平等主义者的角色涉及倡导工作场所的性别平等。

electorate [名词]
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选民

Ex: The changes in voting laws affected the entire electorate .

投票法的变化影响了整个选民

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解放

Ex: Activists worked tirelessly to enfranchise marginalized communities .

活动人士不辞辛劳地工作,以赋予边缘化社区选举权

fanatic [名词]
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狂热分子

Ex:

由于她对邪教教义坚定不移的信仰,她被贴上了狂热分子的标签。

federalism [名词]
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联邦制

Ex: The United States Constitution established a system of federalism to ensure that no single entity held too much power .

美国宪法确立了一个联邦制系统,以确保没有任何单一实体掌握过多权力。

feudalism [名词]
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封建制度

Ex: Under feudalism , peasants worked the land in exchange for protection from local lords .

封建制度下,农民耕种土地以换取当地领主的保护。

frontier [名词]
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边界

Ex: Customs officers work diligently at the frontier to enforce immigration laws .

海关官员在边境辛勤工作,以执行移民法。

geopolitics [名词]
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地缘政治学

Ex: Geopolitics comes into play in international negotiations , as countries leverage their geographical advantages to secure favorable agreements .

地缘政治在国际谈判中发挥作用,因为各国利用其地理优势来确保有利的协议。

imperialism [名词]
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帝国主义

Ex: Many historians view the colonization of Africa as a prime example of imperialism .

许多历史学家将非洲的殖民视为帝国主义的一个典型例子。

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就职典礼

Ex: The mayor 's inauguration ceremony took place in the city hall , where they were sworn into office by a judge .

市长的就职典礼在市政厅举行,由法官宣誓就职。

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孤立主义

Ex: Critics argued that isolationism would hinder the nation 's global influence .

批评者认为孤立主义会阻碍国家的全球影响力。

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干涉主义

Ex: Critics argue that interventionism disrupts global stability and sovereignty .

批评者认为干预主义破坏了全球稳定和主权。

legislative [形容词]
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立法的

Ex:

立法机构,如议会或国会,由选举产生的代表组成,他们起草并对立法进行投票。

liberalism [名词]
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自由主义

Ex: The principles of liberalism support democratic governance , ensuring that power is distributed and checked through free and fair elections .

自由主义的原则支持民主治理,确保通过自由和公平的选举分配和制衡权力。

manifesto [名词]
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宣言

Ex: The political party released a manifesto outlining their plans for economic reform .

该政党发布了一份宣言,概述了他们的经济改革计划。

pacifism [名词]
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和平主义

Ex: The group 's commitment to pacifism was evident in their nonviolent approach to activism .

该团体对和平主义的承诺在他们非暴力的行动主义方法中显而易见。

oligarchy [名词]
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寡头政治

Ex: The country 's political system evolved into an oligarchy , with a wealthy elite controlling key decision-making processes .

该国的政治制度演变成了寡头政治,由富裕的精英控制着关键的决策过程。

reactionary [形容词]
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反动的

Ex: The group was criticized for its reactionary stance on social issues .

该团体因其对社会问题的反动立场而受到批评。

parliamentary [形容词]
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议会的

Ex: Parliamentary debates play a crucial role in shaping government policies and decisions .

议会辩论在塑造政府政策和决策方面起着至关重要的作用。

populism [名词]
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民粹主义

Ex: Leaders who embrace populism frequently use rhetoric that emphasizes the dichotomy between " the people " and " the elite , " promising to return power to the common citizen .

接受民粹主义的领导人经常使用强调“人民”与“精英”之间对立的言辞,承诺将权力归还给普通公民。

propaganda [名词]
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宣传

Ex: During the war , both sides spread propaganda to boost morale and demonize the enemy .

战争期间,双方都散布宣传以提高士气并妖魔化敌人。