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Vocabulario Esencial para el GRE - Castillo de Naipes

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre política, como "bilateral", "utopia", "coalition", etc. que se necesitan para el examen GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
utopia
utopia
[Sustantivo]

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

utopía

utopía

Ex: In his speech, he talked about building a utopia of peace and equality. 

En su discurso, habló de construir una utopía de paz e igualdad.

wing
wing
[Sustantivo]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

ala

ala

Ex: The moderate wing of the coalition sought bipartisan solutions to healthcare reform. 

El ala moderada de la coalición buscó soluciones bipartidistas para la reforma de la salud.

conservatism
conservatism
[Sustantivo]

a political belief with an inclination to keep the traditional values in a society by avoiding changes

conservadurismo

conservadurismo

Ex: Conservatism often opposes rapid social change and advocates for gradual reform. 

El conservadurismo a menudo se opone a los cambios sociales rápidos y aboga por una reforma gradual.

utilitarianism
utilitarianism
[Sustantivo]

the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people

utilitarismo

utilitarismo

Ex: Critics of utilitarianism argue that it can lead to morally objectionable outcomes, such as sacrificing the rights or well-being of minorities for the greater good of the majority. 

Los críticos del utilitarismo argumentan que puede llevar a resultados moralmente objetables, como sacrificar los derechos o el bienestar de las minorías por el mayor bien de la mayoría.

apolitical
apolitical
[Adjetivo]

having no interest or involvement in politics

apolítico

apolítico

Ex: The art gallery aimed to be an apolitical space, encouraging visitors to appreciate artistic expression without bringing political views into the conversation. 

La galería de arte pretendía ser un espacio apolítico, animando a los visitantes a apreciar la expresión artística sin introducir puntos de vista políticos en la conversación.

bilateral
bilateral
[Adjetivo]

concerning two groups or countries

bilateral

bilateral

Ex: The bilateral talks focused on improving diplomatic relations. 

Las conversaciones bilaterales se centraron en mejorar las relaciones diplomáticas.

bureaucracy
bureaucracy
[Sustantivo]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

burocracia

burocracia

Ex: Bureaucracy involves a hierarchy of non-elected officials managing various government responsibilities. 

La burocracia implica una jerarquía de funcionarios no electos que gestionan diversas responsabilidades gubernamentales.

to canvass
to canvass
[Verbo]

to seek or gather opinions by asking questions or conducting a survey

sondear

sondear

Ex: She canvassed students to find out their thoughts on the new cafeteria menu. 

Ella sondeó a los estudiantes para conocer sus opiniones sobre el nuevo menú de la cafetería.

centralism
centralism
[Sustantivo]

a political system that invests all the power and authority on a single prominent organization

centralismo

centralismo

Ex: Proponents of centralism believe it enhances efficiency by consolidating power. 

Los defensores del centralismo creen que mejora la eficiencia al consolidar el poder.

tyrant
tyrant
[Sustantivo]

a ruler or leader who has absolute power and uses it in a cruel and oppressive way, without any regard for the rights or well-being of others

tirano

tirano

Ex: The tyrant's oppressive policies left the nation in a state of fear and despair. 

Las políticas opresivas del tirano dejaron a la nación en un estado de miedo y desesperación.

swing vote
swing vote
[Sustantivo]

an unpredictable vote that belongs to a person or party which has a crucial influence on the results of an election

voto de los indecisos

voto de los indecisos

Ex: The final tally showed that the swing vote had tipped the balance in favor of one side. 

El recuento final mostró que el voto decisivo había inclinado la balanza a favor de un lado.

straw poll
straw poll
[Sustantivo]

an unofficial test of opinion that includes a number of people who give their opinion about something or say whether or not they intend to participate in an election

encuesta extraoficial

encuesta extraoficial

Ex: The results of the straw poll showed a clear preference for the new policy. 

Los resultados de la encuesta informal mostraron una clara preferencia por la nueva política.

cabinet
cabinet
[Sustantivo]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

gabinete, consejo de ministros

gabinete, consejo de ministros

Ex: The cabinet members deliberated for hours before reaching a consensus on the proposed healthcare reforms. 

Los miembros del gabinete deliberaron durante horas antes de llegar a un consenso sobre las reformas propuestas en el sector de la salud.

coalition
coalition
[Sustantivo]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

coalición

coalición

Ex: The opposition parties formed a coalition to challenge the ruling party in the upcoming elections. 

Los partidos de la oposición formaron una coalición para desafiar al partido gobernante en las próximas elecciones.

confederation
confederation
[Sustantivo]

a union or league of political entities or organizations, often for common purposes

confederación

confederación

Ex: The trade confederation regulated commerce between member cities. 

La confederación comercial regulaba el comercio entre las ciudades miembros.

constituency
constituency
[Sustantivo]

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

electorado

electorado

Ex: She was reelected due to her strong connection with her constituency. 

Fue reelegida debido a su fuerte conexión con su circunscripción.

constitutional
constitutional
[Adjetivo]

relating to or in accordance with the rules laid out in a constitution, which is a set of fundamental laws for a country or organization

constitucional

constitucional

Ex: Constitutional rights protect citizens' freedoms and limit government power. 

Los derechos constitucionales protegen las libertades de los ciudadanos y limitan el poder del gobierno.

demagogue
demagogue
[Sustantivo]

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

demagogo

demagogo

Ex: The demagogue's rhetoric was divisive and inflammatory, leading to increased polarization within society. 

La retórica del demagogo fue divisiva e inflamatoria, lo que llevó a una mayor polarización dentro de la sociedad.

to destabilize

to make something uncertain by introducing changes that disrupt its stability

desestabilizar

desestabilizar

Ex: Rapid climate change can destabilize ecosystems. 

El cambio climático rápido puede desestabilizar los ecosistemas.

diplomacy
diplomacy
[Sustantivo]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomacia

diplomacia

Ex: Effective diplomacy requires patience, cultural understanding, and compromise. 

La diplomacia efectiva requiere paciencia, comprensión cultural y compromiso.

egalitarian
egalitarian
[Sustantivo]

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

igualitario

igualitario

Ex: He identified as an egalitarian and worked tirelessly to promote fair wages for all workers. 

Se identificó como un igualitario y trabajó incansablemente para promover salarios justos para todos los trabajadores.

electorate
electorate
[Sustantivo]

the group of people who are eligible to vote in an election

electorado

electorado

Ex: The debate was broadcast live to ensure the electorate was informed. 

El debate fue transmitido en vivo para asegurar que el electorado estuviera informado.

to enfranchise

to grant the right of voting to a person or group

otorgar el derecho al voto a

otorgar el derecho al voto a

Ex: The amendment to the constitution enfranchised women across the nation. 

La enmienda a la constitución otorgó el derecho de voto a las mujeres en todo el país.

fanatic
fanatic
[Sustantivo]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanático

fanático

Ex: The political fanatic organized rallies to support his extreme views. 

El fanático político organizó mítines para apoyar sus puntos de vista extremos.

federalism
federalism
[Sustantivo]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

federalismo

federalismo

Ex: Debates over federalism often center on the appropriate level of state versus federal control in various policy areas. 

Los debates sobre el federalismo a menudo se centran en el nivel adecuado de control estatal versus el control federal en diversas áreas políticas.

feudalism
feudalism
[Sustantivo]

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

feudalismo

feudalismo

Ex: Historians often study feudalism to understand the power dynamics of medieval Europe. 

Los historiadores a menudo estudian el feudalismo para comprender las dinámicas de poder de la Europa medieval.

frontier
frontier
[Sustantivo]

an area located at a border, where two countries or regions meet

frontera

frontera

Ex: The conflict at the frontier escalated tensions between the neighboring nations. 

El conflicto en la frontera escaló las tensiones entre las naciones vecinas.

geopolitics
geopolitics
[Sustantivo]

the study of how geography influences global political and economic interactions

geopolítica

geopolítica

Ex: The study of geopolitics helps policymakers anticipate potential conflicts arising from territorial disputes, resource competition, or strategic positioning. 

El estudio de la geopolítica ayuda a los responsables políticos a anticipar posibles conflictos derivados de disputas territoriales, competencia por recursos o posicionamiento estratégico.

imperialism
imperialism
[Sustantivo]

a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them

imperialismo

imperialismo

Ex: The country's aggressive policies were criticized as a form of modern-day imperialism. 

Las políticas agresivas del país fueron criticadas como una forma de imperialismo moderno.

inauguration
inauguration
[Sustantivo]

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

investidura

investidura

Ex: The inauguration marks the beginning of a new era, with promises of change and progress. 

La inauguración marca el comienzo de una nueva era, con promesas de cambio y progreso.

isolationism
isolationism
[Sustantivo]

the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs

aislacionismo

aislacionismo

Ex: Isolationism became a prominent stance in the political debate during the election. 

El aislacionismo se convirtió en una postura destacada en el debate político durante las elecciones.

interventionism
interventionism
[Sustantivo]

a political approach advocating the government participation in other nations' affairs or influencing the economy of its own country

intervencionismo

intervencionismo

Ex: The country's interventionism was evident in its support for rebel groups abroad. 

El intervencionismo del país fue evidente en su apoyo a los grupos rebeldes en el extranjero.

legislative
legislative
[Adjetivo]

relating to the making and passing of laws by government bodies

legislativo

legislativo

Ex: Lobbying is a common practice where interest groups seek to influence legislative decisions. 

El cabildeo es una práctica común donde los grupos de interés buscan influir en las decisiones legislativas.

liberalism
liberalism
[Sustantivo]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

liberalismo

liberalismo

Ex: Advocates of liberalism often push for gradual social reforms to address inequalities and enhance the welfare of all citizens. 

Los defensores del liberalismo a menudo abogan por reformas sociales graduales para abordar las desigualdades y mejorar el bienestar de todos los ciudadanos.

manifesto
manifesto
[Sustantivo]

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

manifesto

manifesto

Ex: The group's manifesto called for significant changes in environmental policies. 

El manifiesto del grupo pedía cambios significativos en las políticas ambientales.

pacifism
pacifism
[Sustantivo]

the ideology that advocates the unjustifiable nature of war or any other act of violence, and seeks out peace

pacifismo

pacifismo

Ex: Pacifism became a central theme in his writings on social justice and conflict resolution. 

El pacifismo se convirtió en un tema central en sus escritos sobre justicia social y resolución de conflictos.

oligarchy
oligarchy
[Sustantivo]

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

oligarquía

oligarquía

Ex: Critics argue that oligarchy undermines democratic principles by limiting political participation and perpetuating inequality. 

Los críticos argumentan que la oligarquía socava los principios democráticos al limitar la participación política y perpetuar la desigualdad.

reactionary
reactionary
[Adjetivo]

strongly against any political or social changes or any new ideas

reaccionario

reaccionario

Ex: His reactionary comments during the debate shocked many observers. 

Sus comentarios reaccionarios durante el debate sorprendieron a muchos observadores.

parliamentary
parliamentary
[Adjetivo]

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

parlamentario

parlamentario

Ex: The parliamentary elections determine the composition of the legislature and, indirectly, the executive branch. 

Las elecciones parlamentarias determinan la composición de la legislatura y, indirectamente, del poder ejecutivo.

populism
populism
[Sustantivo]

a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support

populismo

populismo

Ex: Populism can manifest in both left-wing and right-wing forms, with left-wing populists typically focusing on economic inequality and social justice, while right-wing populists often emphasize nationalism and immigration control. 

El populismo puede manifestarse tanto en formas de izquierda como de derecha, con los populistas de izquierda generalmente enfocados en la desigualdad económica y la justicia social, mientras que los populistas de derecha a menudo enfatizan el nacionalismo y el control de la inmigración.

propaganda
propaganda
[Sustantivo]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The documentary exposed how propaganda was used to manipulate public opinion. 

El documental expuso cómo se utilizó la propaganda para manipular la opinión pública.

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