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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le GRE - La Politique

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur la politique, tels que "bilatéral", "utopie", "coalition", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
utopia
utopia
[nom]

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

utopie

utopie

Ex: They dreamed of creating a utopia where everyone lived in harmony. 
wing
wing
[nom]

members of a political party or other organization who have a certain function or share certain views

parti

parti

Ex: The conservative wing of the party pushed for tax cuts and deregulation. 
conservatism

a political belief with an inclination to keep the traditional values in a society by avoiding changes

conservatisme

conservatisme

Ex: Many voters align with conservatism due to its emphasis on preserving traditional values. 
utilitarianism

the doctrine that the best measure or decision is the one that satisfies the majority of people

utilitarisme

utilitarisme

Ex: Utilitarianism holds that the morality of an action is determined by its consequences, with the greatest good for the greatest number being the guiding principle. 
apolitical
apolitical
[Adjectif]

having no interest or involvement in politics

apolitique

apolitique

Ex: Despite working in the political realm, Jane remained apolitical, focusing solely on humanitarian efforts rather than aligning with any party. 
bilateral
bilateral
[Adjectif]

concerning two groups or countries

bilatéral

bilatéral

Ex: The two nations signed a bilateral trade agreement. 
bureaucracy

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

bureaucratie

bureaucratie

Ex: Within a bureaucracy, officials are employed based on expertise rather than being chosen through popular votes. 
to canvass
to canvass
[verbe]

to seek or gather opinions by asking questions or conducting a survey

sonder, faire du porte-à-porte

sonder, faire du porte-à-porte

Ex: They decided to canvass the neighborhood to get opinions on the new park. 
centralism

a political system that invests all the power and authority on a single prominent organization

centralisme, centralisation

centralisme, centralisation

Ex: Critics argue that centralism undermines regional autonomy and local governance. 
tyrant
tyrant
[nom]

a ruler or leader who has absolute power and uses it in a cruel and oppressive way, without any regard for the rights or well-being of others

tyran, despote

tyran, despote

Ex: The people rose up against the tyrant who had ruled with an iron fist for decades. 
swing vote

an unpredictable vote that belongs to a person or party which has a crucial influence on the results of an election

vote décisif, vote pivot

vote décisif, vote pivot

Ex: The candidate was banking on securing the swing vote to win the election. 
straw poll

an unofficial test of opinion that includes a number of people who give their opinion about something or say whether or not they intend to participate in an election

sondage

sondage

Ex: The committee conducted a straw poll to gauge interest in the new project. 
cabinet
cabinet
[nom]

senior members of a government who make decisions and control the policy of the government

cabinet

cabinet

Ex: The Prime Minister announced changes to the cabinet, appointing new ministers to key portfolios. 
coalition

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

coalition

coalition

Ex: The coalition government was formed by two major political parties to ensure stability and consensus on key policy issues. 
confederation

a union or league of political entities or organizations, often for common purposes

confédération

confédération

Ex: The confederation of states agreed to share resources. 
constituency

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

électeurs

électeurs

Ex: The candidate promised to address the concerns of their entire constituency. 
constitutional
constitutional
[Adjectif]

relating to or in accordance with the rules laid out in a constitution, which is a set of fundamental laws for a country or organization

constitutionnel

constitutionnel

Ex: The law passed by the parliament was deemed constitutional by the judiciary. 
demagogue

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

démagogue

démagogue

Ex: The demagogue stirred up emotions and exploited fears to gain support for his political agenda. 
to destabilize

to make something uncertain by introducing changes that disrupt its stability

déstabiliser, perturber

déstabiliser, perturber

Ex: Personal conflicts within a team can destabilize its cohesion. 
diplomacy

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomatie

diplomatie

Ex: Diplomacy helped prevent the two nations from going to war. 
egalitarian

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

égalitariste, partisan de l'égalité

égalitariste, partisan de l'égalité

Ex: As an egalitarian, she fought for equal rights across all social classes. 
electorate

the group of people who are eligible to vote in an election

électorat, corps électoral

électorat, corps électoral

Ex: The candidate made a strong appeal to the electorate during the campaign. 
to enfranchise

to grant the right of voting to a person or group

donner le droit de vote à

donner le droit de vote à

Ex: The new law aimed to enfranchise all eligible citizens. 
fanatic
fanatic
[nom]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanatique

fanatique

Ex: The protest was peaceful until a group of fanatics began shouting radical slogans. 
federalism

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

fédéralisme

fédéralisme

Ex: Federalism allows for a division of powers between the national government and state governments, promoting a balance of authority. 
feudalism

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

féodalité

féodalité

Ex: Feudalism structured medieval society into distinct classes with lords and vassals. 
frontier

an area located at a border, where two countries or regions meet

frontière

frontière

Ex: The town lies right on the frontier, making it a strategic location for trade. 
geopolitics

the study of how geography influences global political and economic interactions

géopolitique

géopolitique

Ex: Geopolitics played a significant role in the strategic decisions of nations during the Cold War, with considerations of territorial proximity and resources influencing alliances. 
imperialism

a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them

impérialisme

impérialisme

Ex: The rise of imperialism in the 19th century led to the expansion of European empires. 
inauguration

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

inauguration

inauguration

Ex: The inauguration of the new president was attended by thousands of spectators gathered on the National Mall. 
isolationism

the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs

isolationnisme

isolationnisme

Ex: The country adopted a policy of isolationism to avoid foreign conflicts. 
interventionism

a political approach advocating the government participation in other nations' affairs or influencing the economy of its own country

interventionnisme, politique d'intervention

interventionnisme, politique d'intervention

Ex: The new policy marked a shift toward greater interventionism in foreign affairs. 
legislative
legislative
[Adjectif]

relating to the making and passing of laws by government bodies

législatif

législatif

Ex: The legislative branch of government is responsible for proposing, debating, and passing laws. 
liberalism

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

libéralisme

libéralisme

Ex: Liberalism emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms, advocating for a society where people can express their views openly. 
manifesto

a written public declaration of intentions, opinions, and objectives, often issued by a political party, a government, or a group of individuals with a shared interest or purpose

manifeste, déclaration publique

manifeste, déclaration publique

Ex: The activists issued a manifesto to rally support for their cause. 
pacifism

the ideology that advocates the unjustifiable nature of war or any other act of violence, and seeks out peace

pacifisme, non-violence

pacifisme, non-violence

Ex: Her strong belief in pacifism guided her decision to protest against military conflicts. 
oligarchy

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

oligarchie

oligarchie

Ex: An oligarchy is a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of individuals or families. 
reactionary
reactionary
[Adjectif]

strongly against any political or social changes or any new ideas

réactionnaire, conservateur

réactionnaire, conservateur

Ex: His reactionary views made him oppose all modern reforms. 
parliamentary
parliamentary
[Adjectif]

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

parlementaire

parlementaire

Ex: The parliamentary system allows for the formation of a government based on the majority support in the legislature. 
populism

a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support

populisme

populisme

Ex: Populism in politics refers to a movement or approach that seeks to represent the interests and voices of ordinary people, often positioning itself against established elites or institutions. 
propaganda

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propagande

propagande

Ex: The regime used propaganda to control the narrative and maintain public support. 
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