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Vocabolario Avanzato per il TOEFL - Biologia
Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi sulla biologia, come "enzima", "microbo", "feto", ecc., che sono necessarie per l'esame TOEFL.
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the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants
anatomia
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
cromosoma
a sex chromosome, two of which exist in female cells and only one in male cells
Cromosoma X
a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself
enzima
any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system
antigene
a very small living organism that cannot be seen without a microscope and can cause a disease
microbo
to retain something such as eggs or bacteria in a favorable condition to help them develop
incubare
an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception
feto
an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization
embrione
(of a female animal or human) to produce an ovum from the ovary
ovulare
to experience genetic changes
mutare
a living organism that is different from its kind because of a genetic change
mutante
a colorless liquid consisting of white blood cells that helps to prevent infections from spreading
linfonodo
(biology) a basic type of cell in a multicellular organism, which develops into different kinds of cells with different functions
cellule staminali
a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism
membrana
any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids
lipidico
a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body
neurone
a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle
neurotrasmettitore
an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production
mitocondrio
a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases
cortisolo
a hormone related to gender that is produced by male body to develop typical male features
testosterone
a hormone that is responsible for controlling the level of glucose in the blood, the lack of which can cause diabetes
insulina
(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body
secernere
(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis
RNA
a sense organ or nerve ending that can respond to external stimuli and is able to transmit data to the central nervous system
recettore
the complete set of genetic material of any living thing
genoma
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
dominante
the ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells
codice genetico
something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology
stimolo
a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation
estrogeno
an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties
ibrido
a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to
clone
