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TOEFL을 위한 고급 어휘 - Biology

여기에서는 TOEFL 시험에 필요한 "enzyme", "microbe", "fetus" 등과 같은 생물학에 관한 몇 가지 영어 단어를 배우게 됩니다.

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리뷰

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플래시카드

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철자법

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퀴즈

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
anatomy

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

해부학

해부학

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chromosome

a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information

염색체

염색체

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X chromosome

a sex chromosome, two of which exist in female cells and only one in male cells

X 염색체

X 염색체

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Y chromosome

a sex chromosome, which is normally present only in male cells

Y 염색체

Y 염색체

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enzyme

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

효소

효소

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antigen

any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system

항원

항원

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microbe

a very small living organism that cannot be seen without a microscope and can cause a disease

미생물

미생물

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to incubate

to retain something such as eggs or bacteria in a favorable condition to help them develop

인큐베이트하다

인큐베이트하다

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fetus

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

태아

태아

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embryo

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

배아

배아

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to ovulate

(of a female animal or human) to produce an ovum from the ovary

배란하다

배란하다

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to mutate

to experience genetic changes

돌연변이 하다

돌연변이 하다

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mutant

a living organism that is different from its kind because of a genetic change

뮤턴트

뮤턴트

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lymph

a colorless liquid consisting of white blood cells that helps to prevent infections from spreading

림프

림프

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stem cell

(biology) a basic type of cell in a multicellular organism, which develops into different kinds of cells with different functions

줄기세포

줄기세포

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membrane

a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism

막

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lipid

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

지질

지질

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amino acid

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

아미노산

아미노산

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neuron

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

신경세포

신경세포

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neurotransmitter

a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle

신경전달물질

신경전달물질

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mitochondrion

an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production

미토콘드리아

미토콘드리아

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anaerobic

not needing free oxygen to function

혐기성의

혐기성의

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cortisol

a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases

코르티솔

코르티솔

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testosterone

a hormone related to gender that is produced by male body to develop typical male features

테스토스테론

테스토스테론

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insulin

a hormone that is responsible for controlling the level of glucose in the blood, the lack of which can cause diabetes

인슐린

인슐린

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to secrete

(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body

분비하다

분비하다

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RNA

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA

RNA

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receptor

a sense organ or nerve ending that can respond to external stimuli and is able to transmit data to the central nervous system

수용체

수용체

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genome

the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

유전체

유전체

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dominant

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

우세한

우세한

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genetic code

the ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells

유전자 코드

유전자 코드

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stimulus

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

자극

자극

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estrogen

a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation

에스트로겐

에스트로겐

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hybrid

an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties

잡종

잡종

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clone

a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to

클론

클론

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