Προχωρημένο Λεξιλόγιο για το TOEFL - Βιολογία
Εδώ θα μάθετε μερικές αγγλικές λέξεις για τη βιολογία, όπως "ένζυμο", "μικρόβιο", "έμβρυο" κ.λπ., που απαιτούνται για τις εξετάσεις TOEFL.
Ανασκόπηση
Κάρτες
Ορθογραφία
Κουίζ
the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants
ανατομία
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
χρωμόσωμα, χρωμοσωμικό στοιχείο
a sex chromosome, two of which exist in female cells and only one in male cells
χρωμόσωμα Χ, φυλετικό χρωμόσωμα Χ
a sex chromosome, which is normally present only in male cells
χρωμόσωμα Υ, Υ χρωμόσωμα
a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself
ένζυμο
any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system
αντιγόνο, αντιγονική ουσία
a very small living organism that cannot be seen without a microscope and can cause a disease
μικρόβιο, μικροοργανισμός
to retain something such as eggs or bacteria in a favorable condition to help them develop
επωάζω, καλλιεργώ
an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception
έμβρυο, βλαστός
an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization
έμβρυο, βλαστός
(of a female animal or human) to produce an ovum from the ovary
ωορρηξία
to experience genetic changes
μεταλλάσσομαι, βιώνω γενετικές αλλαγές
a living organism that is different from its kind because of a genetic change
μεταλλαγμένο, ζωντανός οργανισμός που διαφέρει από το είδος του λόγω γενετικής αλλαγής
a colorless liquid consisting of white blood cells that helps to prevent infections from spreading
λεμφα, λεμφικό υγρό
(biology) a basic type of cell in a multicellular organism, which develops into different kinds of cells with different functions
βλαστοκύτταρο, αδιαφοροποίητο κύτταρο
a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism
μεμβράνη, επιμήκης
any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids
λιπίδιο, λίπος
any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins
αμινοξύ, αμινοξέα
a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body
νευρώνας, νευρικό κύτταρο
a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle
νευροδιαβιβαστής
an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production
μιτοχόνδριο, οργανίδιο παραγωγής ενέργειας
a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases
κορτιζόλη, στερεοειδής ορμόνη που παράγει το σώμα και χρησιμοποιείται στην ιατρική για να βοηθήσει στην θεραπεία των δερματικών παθήσεων
a hormone related to gender that is produced by male body to develop typical male features
τεστοστερόνη
a hormone that is responsible for controlling the level of glucose in the blood, the lack of which can cause diabetes
ινσουλίνη
(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body
εκκρίνω, παράγω
(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis
RNA, ριβονουκλεϊκό οξύ
a sense organ or nerve ending that can respond to external stimuli and is able to transmit data to the central nervous system
υποδοχέας, αισθητήριο όργανο
the complete set of genetic material of any living thing
γονιδίωμα
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
κυρίαρχος, επικρατών
the ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells
γενετικός κώδικας, γενετική κωδικοποίηση
something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology
ερέθισμα, κίνητρο
a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation
οιστρογόνο, θηλυκό ορμόνη
an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties
υβρίδιο, διασταύρωση
a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to
κλώνος, κλωνοποίηση
