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Masulong na Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Biology

Dito ay matututunan mo ang ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa biology, tulad ng "enzyme", "microbe", "fetus", atbp. na kailangan para sa TOEFL exam.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
anatomy

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

anatomya

anatomya

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[Pangngalan]
chromosome

a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information

kromosoma

kromosoma

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[Pangngalan]
X chromosome

a sex chromosome, two of which exist in female cells and only one in male cells

X chromosome

X chromosome

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[Pangngalan]
Y chromosome

a sex chromosome, which is normally present only in male cells

Y chromosome

Y chromosome

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[Pangngalan]
enzyme

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

enzyme

enzyme

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[Pangngalan]
antigen

any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system

antigen

antigen

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[Pangngalan]
microbe

a very small living organism that cannot be seen without a microscope and can cause a disease

mikrobiyo

mikrobiyo

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[Pangngalan]
to incubate

to retain something such as eggs or bacteria in a favorable condition to help them develop

magpapisa ng itlog sa ingkubetor

magpapisa ng itlog sa ingkubetor

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[Pandiwa]
fetus

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

sanggol

sanggol

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[Pangngalan]
embryo

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

similiya

similiya

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[Pangngalan]
to ovulate

(of a female animal or human) to produce an ovum from the ovary

obulasyon

obulasyon

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[Pandiwa]
to mutate

to experience genetic changes

mutate

mutate

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[Pandiwa]
mutant

a living organism that is different from its kind because of a genetic change

mutant

mutant

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[Pangngalan]
lymph

a colorless liquid consisting of white blood cells that helps to prevent infections from spreading

lymph

lymph

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[Pangngalan]
stem cell

(biology) a basic type of cell in a multicellular organism, which develops into different kinds of cells with different functions

stem cell

stem cell

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[Pangngalan]
membrane

a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism

balamban

balamban

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[Pangngalan]
lipid

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

lipid

lipid

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[Pangngalan]
amino acid

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

Amino Acid

Amino Acid

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[Pangngalan]
neuron

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

neuron

neuron

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[Pangngalan]
neurotransmitter

a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle

neurotransmitter

neurotransmitter

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[Pangngalan]
mitochondrion

an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production

mitochondrion

mitochondrion

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[Pangngalan]
anaerobic

not needing free oxygen to function

anaerobic

anaerobic

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[pang-uri]
cortisol

a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases

cortisol

cortisol

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[Pangngalan]
testosterone

a hormone related to gender that is produced by male body to develop typical male features

testosterone

testosterone

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[Pangngalan]
insulin

a hormone that is responsible for controlling the level of glucose in the blood, the lack of which can cause diabetes

insulin

insulin

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[Pangngalan]
to secrete

(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body

naglalabas ng parang likidong sangkap

naglalabas ng parang likidong sangkap

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[Pandiwa]
RNA

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA

RNA

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[Pangngalan]
receptor

a sense organ or nerve ending that can respond to external stimuli and is able to transmit data to the central nervous system

receptor

receptor

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[Pangngalan]
genome

the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

genome

genome

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[Pangngalan]
dominant

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

nangingibabaw

nangingibabaw

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[pang-uri]
genetic code

the ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells

genetic code

genetic code

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[Pangngalan]
stimulus

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

pampasigla (pisyolohiya)

pampasigla (pisyolohiya)

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[Pangngalan]
estrogen

a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation

estrogen

estrogen

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[Pangngalan]
hybrid

an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties

mestiso

mestiso

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[Pangngalan]
clone

a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to

biological clone

biological clone

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[Pangngalan]
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