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Từ Vựng Nâng Cao cho TOEFL - Biology
Tại đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh về sinh học, chẳng hạn như “enzym”, “vi khuẩn”, “thai nhi”, v.v. cần thiết cho kỳ thi TOEFL.
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Đố vui
the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants
giải phẫu
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
nhiễm sắc thể
a sex chromosome, two of which exist in female cells and only one in male cells
nhiễm sắc thể X
a sex chromosome, which is normally present only in male cells
nhiễm sắc thể Y
a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself
enzim, chất xúc tác
any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system
kháng nguyên
a very small living organism that cannot be seen without a microscope and can cause a disease
vi sinh vật, mầm bệnh
to retain something such as eggs or bacteria in a favorable condition to help them develop
ấp, nuôi dưỡng
an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception
thai nhi, phôi
an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization
phôi
(of a female animal or human) to produce an ovum from the ovary
rụng trứng
a living organism that is different from its kind because of a genetic change
đột biến, sự đột biến
a colorless liquid consisting of white blood cells that helps to prevent infections from spreading
bạch huyết
(biology) a basic type of cell in a multicellular organism, which develops into different kinds of cells with different functions
tế bào gốc, tế bào mẹ
a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism
màng
any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids
lipid, chất béo
any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins
axit amin
a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body
nơ-ron
a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle
chất dẫn truyền thần kinh
an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production
ti thể, mitochondrion
a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases
cortisol
a hormone related to gender that is produced by male body to develop typical male features
testosterone
a hormone that is responsible for controlling the level of glucose in the blood, the lack of which can cause diabetes
insulin
(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body
tiết ra, sản xuất
(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis
RNA
a sense organ or nerve ending that can respond to external stimuli and is able to transmit data to the central nervous system
thụ thể
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
chiếm ưu thế, vượt trội
the ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells
mã gen, mã DNA
something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology
kích thích, động lực
a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation
oestrogen
an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties
lai
a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to
clone
