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Từ vựng nâng cao cho TOEFL - Biology

Tại đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh về sinh học, chẳng hạn như “enzym”, “vi khuẩn”, “thai nhi”, v.v. cần thiết cho kỳ thi TOEFL.

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Bắt đầu học
Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
anatomy

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

giải phẫu

giải phẫu

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[Danh từ]
chromosome

a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information

nhiễm sắc thể

nhiễm sắc thể

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[Danh từ]
X chromosome

a sex chromosome, two of which exist in female cells and only one in male cells

nhiễm sắc thể X

nhiễm sắc thể X

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[Danh từ]
Y chromosome

a sex chromosome, which is normally present only in male cells

nhiễm sắc thể Y

nhiễm sắc thể Y

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[Danh từ]
enzyme

a substance that all living organisms produce that brings about a chemical reaction without being altered itself

enzim

enzim

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[Danh từ]
antigen

any foreign substance in the body that can trigger a response from the immune system

kháng nguyên

kháng nguyên

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[Danh từ]
microbe

a very small living organism that cannot be seen without a microscope and can cause a disease

vi sinh vật

vi sinh vật

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[Danh từ]
to incubate

to retain something such as eggs or bacteria in a favorable condition to help them develop

ấp

ấp

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[Động từ]
fetus

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

thai nhi

thai nhi

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[Danh từ]
embryo

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

phôi

phôi

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[Danh từ]
to ovulate

(of a female animal or human) to produce an ovum from the ovary

rụng trứng

rụng trứng

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[Động từ]
to mutate

to experience genetic changes

đột biến

đột biến

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[Động từ]
mutant

a living organism that is different from its kind because of a genetic change

đột biến

đột biến

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[Danh từ]
lymph

a colorless liquid consisting of white blood cells that helps to prevent infections from spreading

bạch huyết

bạch huyết

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[Danh từ]
stem cell

(biology) a basic type of cell in a multicellular organism, which develops into different kinds of cells with different functions

tế bào gốc

tế bào gốc

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[Danh từ]
membrane

a thin sheet of tissue that separates or covers the inner parts of an organism

màng

màng

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[Danh từ]
lipid

any of a class of organic substances that do not dissolve in water that include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

lipid

lipid

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[Danh từ]
amino acid

any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins

axit amin

axit amin

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[Danh từ]
neuron

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

nơ-ron

nơ-ron

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[Danh từ]
neurotransmitter

a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle

chất dẫn truyền thần kinh

chất dẫn truyền thần kinh

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[Danh từ]
mitochondrion

an organelle that is abundantly present in most cells and is responsible for energy production

ti thể

ti thể

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[Danh từ]
anaerobic

not needing free oxygen to function

kị khí

kị khí

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[Tính từ]
cortisol

a steroid hormone that the body produces and is used in medicine to help cure skin diseases

cortisol

cortisol

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[Danh từ]
testosterone

a hormone related to gender that is produced by male body to develop typical male features

testosterone

testosterone

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[Danh từ]
insulin

a hormone that is responsible for controlling the level of glucose in the blood, the lack of which can cause diabetes

insulin

insulin

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[Danh từ]
to secrete

(of a cell, gland, or organ) to produce and release a liquid substance in the body

tiết ra

tiết ra

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[Động từ]
RNA

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA

RNA

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[Danh từ]
receptor

a sense organ or nerve ending that can respond to external stimuli and is able to transmit data to the central nervous system

thụ thể

thụ thể

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[Danh từ]
genome

the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

genom

genom

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[Danh từ]
dominant

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

chiếm ưu thế

chiếm ưu thế

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[Tính từ]
genetic code

the ordering of nucleotides in DNA molecules that carries the genetic information in living cells

mã gen

mã gen

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[Danh từ]
stimulus

something that triggers a reaction in various areas like psychology or physiology

kích thích

kích thích

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[Danh từ]
estrogen

a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation

oestrogen

oestrogen

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[Danh từ]
hybrid

an animal or plant with parents that belong to different breeds or varieties

lai

lai

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[Danh từ]
clone

a cell or a group of cells created through a natural or artificial process from a source that they are genetically identical to

clone

clone

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[Danh từ]
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