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医療科学 - 医療処置

ここでは、"予防"、"放射線療法"、"凍結手術"などの医療処置に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Medical Science

a method of introducing sperm into the reproductive system to aid pregnancy, often used in cases of infertility

人工授精

人工授精

Ex: The success rate of artificial insemination varies , but many couples achieve pregnancy through this method .

medical procedures or interventions that assist individuals or couples in achieving pregnancy

生殖補助技術

生殖補助技術

blood doping
[名詞]

the practice of enhancing athletic performance by artificially increasing red blood cells or improving the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity

血液ドーピング, 血液改善

血液ドーピング, 血液改善

the transfer of blood from a donor to a recipient to address medical needs

輸血, 血液輸送

輸血, 血液輸送

Ex: After the accident , the patient needed a blood transfusion to replace the lost blood .事故後、患者は失われた血液を補うために**輸血**が必要でした。
enema
[名詞]

a medical procedure where a liquid is introduced into the rectum to aid in bowel movements or administer treatments

浣腸, 腸洗浄

浣腸, 腸洗浄

Ex: In some cases , patients receive an enema before certain medical procedures .場合によっては、患者は特定の医療処置の前に**浣腸**を受けます。
first aid
[名詞]

a basic medical treatment given to someone in an emergency before they are taken to the hospital

応急処置

応急処置

immunization
[名詞]

the process that enhances the body's defenses against specific diseases, usually achieved through the administration of vaccines

予防接種

予防接種

Ex: Parents consult doctors for immunization advice .親は医師に相談して**予防接種**のアドバイスを受けます。

suppression of the immune system's activity, often intentionally for medical reasons

免疫抑制, 免疫システムの抑制

免疫抑制, 免疫システムの抑制

Ex: Immunocompromised patients may be advised to avoid certain environments with higher infection risks.

special treatment provided for someone who is seriously injured or is extremely ill

集中治療

集中治療

irradiation
[名詞]

(medicine) the treatment of diseases like cancer using radiation from a radioactive source

照射

照射

irrigation
[名詞]

cleansing a body part, like wounds or cavities, using a fluid stream, often for medical purposes

洗浄, 灌流

洗浄, 灌流

Ex: Continuous wound irrigation prevents infections .
primary care
[名詞]

initial, essential healthcare services addressing general health needs and preventive care, often provided by family physicians or general practitioners

一次医療

一次医療

Ex: Primary care addresses a wide range of health concerns .

healthcare services outside of the public system, typically requiring payment by patients or private insurance, and may involve private facilities or practitioners

民間医療, 民間医療セクター

民間医療, 民間医療セクター

prophylaxis
[名詞]

preventive treatment to protect against the development or spread of diseases, infections, or other health conditions

予防

予防

Ex: Lifestyle modifications, such as quitting smoking, are prophylactic against respiratory issues.喫煙をやめるなどの生活習慣の変更は、呼吸器の問題に対して**予防的**です。
regime
[名詞]

a set of instructions given to someone regarding what they should eat or do to maintain or restore their health

レジーム, プログラム

レジーム, プログラム

Ex: The patient was put on a regime of medication and physical therapy .患者は薬物療法と理学療法の**レジーム**に置かれました。
respite care
[名詞]

temporary or short-term care provided to individuals with disabilities, chronic illnesses, or other special needs

レスパイトケア, 一時的なケア

レスパイトケア, 一時的なケア

vaccination
[名詞]

the process or an act of introducing a vaccine into the body as a precaution against contracting a disease

予防接種, 免疫

予防接種, 免疫

Ex: The government launched a nationwide vaccination campaign to fight the outbreak .政府は発生を防ぐために全国的な**予防接種**キャンペーンを開始しました。

medical treatment using hormones to relieve symptoms of hormonal imbalances, commonly prescribed for conditions like menopause or low testosterone

ホルモン補充療法, ホルモン置換療法

ホルモン補充療法, ホルモン置換療法

Ex: In order to restore hormonal balance for those with specific conditions , hormone replacement therapy can be used .特定の状態にある人々のホルモンバランスを回復するために、**ホルモン補充療法**が使用されることがあります。
cryosurgery
[名詞]

a medical procedure using extreme cold, often liquid nitrogen, to remove or destroy abnormal tissues like warts or tumors

凍結手術, 低温手術

凍結手術, 低温手術

Ex: Cryosurgery is a minimally invasive method for removing certain tumors .

preventive treatment to reduce blood clot risk, often used in medical settings for high-risk patients

血栓予防, 血栓症予防

血栓予防, 血栓症予防

hemodialysis
[名詞]

a medical process using a machine to filter blood waste and excess fluids for individuals with kidney failure

血液透析

血液透析

Ex: A nephrologist may recommend hemodialysis for declining kidney function .

a medical procedure removing blood, separating and filtering the plasma to treat certain conditions, and returning the blood cells to the individual

血漿交換, 血漿分離

血漿交換, 血漿分離

Ex: Plasmapheresis addresses certain conditions by selectively removing substances from the bloodstream .
apheresis
[名詞]

a medical procedure removing specific blood components, like plasma or platelets, and returning the rest to the individual

アフェレーシス, 血液成分の除去

アフェレーシス, 血液成分の除去

Ex: Donors may experience minimal discomfort during apheresis.献血者は**アフェレシス**中に最小限の不快感を感じる場合があります。

a medical treatment that trains the body to fight diseases, like cancer or infections, by boosting its natural defense mechanisms

免疫療法, 免疫治療

免疫療法, 免疫治療

Ex: Vaccines , which stimulate the body 's defenses , are a form of immunotherapy.体の防御機能を刺激するワクチンは、**免疫療法**の一形態です。
chemotherapy
[名詞]

the process of treating a disease, particularly cancer, using chemicals

化学療法

化学療法

a medical treatment that utilizes light-emitting substances to treat or visualize cells in the body

サイトルミネセント療法, 細胞発光治療

サイトルミネセント療法, 細胞発光治療

a light-activated treatment to target and destroy abnormal cells, such as cancer cells

光線力学的療法, 光力学治療

光線力学的療法, 光力学治療

Ex: After undergoing photodynamic therapy, the patient experienced redness and swelling at the treatment site , but these side effects were temporary and subsided within a few days .**光線力学的療法**を受けた後、患者は治療部位に赤みと腫れを経験しましたが、これらの副作用は一時的で、数日以内に治まりました。

a medical treatment that uses high doses of radiation to target and destroy or shrink cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and growing

放射線治療

放射線治療

Ex: After surgery , she received radiation therapy to ensure the cancer cells were eliminated .

a type of medical treatment specifically targets and inhibits disease-causing cells while sparing healthy cells

標的治療, ターゲット治療

標的治療, ターゲット治療

a type of medical treatment that uses physical techniques such as massages, exercises, etc. rather than drugs

理学療法,  物理療法

理学療法, 物理療法

the therapeutic treatment and assessment of communication problems and disorders of speech, voice, and language

言語療法

言語療法

hydrotherapy
[名詞]

the beneficial use of water, such as in baths or pools, to promote physical well-being and relieve discomfort

水治療法, ハイドロセラピー

水治療法, ハイドロセラピー

Ex: She finds relief from headaches by applying a cold compress to her forehead , a simple form of hydrotherapy.

the use of heat, such as warm packs or heating pads, as a therapeutic method to relieve pain and promote healing

温熱療法, 熱療法

温熱療法, 熱療法

Ex: If you 've had surgery on your bones , the doctor might recommend thermotherapy to help you move better .

the process of treating a patient's physical or mental illness using specific activities

作業療法,  職業療法

作業療法, 職業療法

gene therapy
[名詞]

a medical approach that involves altering or replacing genes in a person's cells to treat or prevent genetic diseases

遺伝子治療, ジーンセラピー

遺伝子治療, ジーンセラピー

Ex: Advances in gene therapy may soon lead to treatments for previously untreatable diseases.**遺伝子治療**の進歩により、これまで治療不可能だった病気の治療法が間もなく見つかるかもしれません。
phagotherapy
[名詞]

a medical treatment that uses bacteriophages, or viruses that specifically target and kill bacteria, to combat bacterial infections

ファゴセラピー, バクテリオファージ治療

ファゴセラピー, バクテリオファージ治療

drug therapy
[名詞]

the use of medication or pharmaceuticals to treat, manage, or prevent various diseases or conditions in the body

薬物療法

薬物療法

Ex: The effectiveness of drug therapy may vary among individuals , and adjustments to the treatment plan may be necessary based on the patient 's response and tolerance to the medications .**薬物療法**の効果は個人によって異なる場合があり、患者の薬物に対する反応と耐性に基づいて治療計画の調整が必要になることがあります。

an emergency procedure to revive someone's breathing and blood circulation during cardiac arrest

心肺蘇生, 心臓マッサージ

心肺蘇生, 心臓マッサージ

Ex: If someone collapses and is n't breathing , call for help and begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
life support
[名詞]

medical intervention or therapy that sustain or replace vital bodily functions, such as breathing or heart function, to keep a person alive in critical medical situations

生命維持, 延命治療

生命維持, 延命治療

a rehabilitation program for people with chronic lung diseases to improve breathing and quality of life

肺リハビリテーション

肺リハビリテーション

Ex: Pulmonary rehabilitation is an essential component of treatment for patients recovering from severe respiratory illnesses , such as pneumonia or lung surgery .**肺リハビリテーション**は、肺炎や肺手術などの重篤な呼吸器疾患から回復する患者の治療において不可欠な要素です。

a treatment that destroys abnormal tissue or cells, such as in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias or certain cancers

アブレーション療法, 治療的アブレーション

アブレーション療法, 治療的アブレーション

Ex: Ablation therapy for varicose veins involves using heat or chemicals to close off the affected veins and improve circulation.
art therapy
[名詞]

‌a type of psychotherapy that motivates individuals to express their emotional and psychological challenges using art materials

アートセラピー

アートセラピー

a medical procedure that involves inserting a needle into the lower part of the spine to collect a special fluid for diagnostic purposes or treatment

腰椎穿刺

腰椎穿刺

Ex: Doctors use a lumbar puncture to get a special fluid that helps them understand what 's wrong .

a form of hands-on therapy that uses different techniques, such as stretching and pressure, to diagnose, treat, and prevent pain and movement problems in the body

オステオパシー手技療法, 手技によるオステオパシー治療

オステオパシー手技療法, 手技によるオステオパシー治療

radiotherapy
[名詞]

the process of treating a disease, particularly cancer, using X-rays or similar forms of radiation

放射線療法

放射線療法

traction
[名詞]

a therapeutic method to relieve pain and treat muscle and skeletal disorders by realigning and stretching the spine

牽引, 脊椎伸長

牽引, 脊椎伸長

course
[名詞]

a period of continuous drug treatment

治療, コース

治療, コース

the first medical treatment one receives for sickness, for instance, from a family doctor

プライマリーヘルスケア, 最初の医療処置

プライマリーヘルスケア, 最初の医療処置

医療科学
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