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above
[前置詞]
to or at a higher position or place than something or someone
上に（うえに）, 上（じょう）
Ex: The hot air balloon floated above the landscape .
on
[前置詞]
used to show that an object is physically in contact with or attached to a surface or object
上に, の上に
Ex: The children placed their on the floor , creating a cluttered but exciting play area in the middle of the living room .
on top of
[前置詞]
positioned on the upper surface of something
デスクの上に, デスクの上に載っている
Ex: The book on top of the shelf .
below
[前置詞]
to or at a lower position or level than someone or something
以下（いか）, 下（した）
Ex: The treasure is below the big oak tree .
beneath
[前置詞]
used to indicate a location that is below something else
テーブルの下に, テーブルの下で
Ex: A cozy café is beneath the library .
under
[前置詞]
in or to a position that is below something
下に (したに), 下 (した)
Ex: The treasure was under a big oak tree .
underneath
[前置詞]
used to show that something or someone is directly below or under something
下に (したに), 下 (した)
Ex: He placed his underneath the table to keep it out of the rain .
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