above
[介词]
to or at higher position without direct contact

在...之上, 高于
Ex: The hot air balloon floated gently above the landscape .热气球在风景**上方**轻轻飘浮。
on
[介词]
in contact with and upheld by a surface

在...上, 在...上面
Ex: Books were stacked on the floor .书堆**在**地板上。
over
[介词]
at a position above or higher than something

在...上面, 高于
Ex: The sun appeared over the horizon .太阳出现在地平线**上方**。
up
[介词]
at or to a higher point on

在...上, 在...上方
Ex: Birds nested up the cliffs , out of reach .鸟儿在悬崖**上**筑巢,遥不可及。
atop
[介词]
used to indicate that something is physically positioned on the top of something else

在...上面, 在...顶部
Ex: A golden crown sat atop his head .一顶金色的王冠**戴在**他的头上。
on top of
[介词]
positioned on the upper surface of something

在...上面, 在...之上
Ex: The book was on top of the shelf .书在书架**上**。
below
[介词]
in a position beneath or underneath

在...下面, 下方
Ex: The bird flew below the clouds .鸟在云**下**飞翔。
beneath
[介词]
used to indicate a location that is below something else

在...下面, 下方
Ex: A cozy café is located beneath the library .一个舒适的咖啡馆位于图书馆**下方**。
under
[介词]
in or to a position lower than and directly beneath something

在...下面, 下方
Ex: The treasure was buried under a big oak tree .宝藏被埋在一棵大橡树的**下面**。
underneath
[介词]
used to show that something or someone is directly below or under something

在...下面, 下面
Ex: A secret tunnel ran underneath the old church .一条秘密隧道在旧教堂的**下面**延伸。
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