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IELTS のための語彙 (アカデミック) - 罪と罰

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「強盗」、「殺人者」、「目撃者」など、犯罪と罰に関するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Words for Academic IELTS
to arrest
to arrest
[動詞]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

逮捕する

逮捕する

Ex: Last year, the detective unexpectedly arrested the suspect after a thorough investigation. 
attacker
attacker
[名詞]

a person who intentionally harms someone physically

攻撃者, 襲撃者

攻撃者, 襲撃者

Ex: The police apprehended the attacker shortly after the incident occurred. 

警察は事件発生後すぐに攻撃者を逮捕した。

burglary
burglary
[名詞]

the crime of entering a building to commit illegal activities such as stealing, damaging property, etc.

侵入窃盗, 強盗

侵入窃盗, 強盗

Ex: The burglary at the jewelry store resulted in the loss of rare and valuable gems. 

宝石店での強盗により、希少で貴重な宝石が失われました。

case
case
[名詞]

a matter that is to be dealt with in a court of law

事件, 事例

事件, 事例

Ex: The defense attorney requested more time to review the details of the case before proceeding to trial. 
to commit
to commit
[動詞]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

犯す, 行う

犯す, 行う

Ex: He was found guilty of committing embezzlement, misusing company funds for personal gain. 
criminal
criminal
[名詞]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

犯罪者, 刑事

犯罪者, 刑事

Ex: The detectives worked hard to catch the dangerous criminal. 
criminal
criminal
[形容詞]

related to or involving illegal activities

犯罪の, 刑事上の

犯罪の, 刑事上の

Ex: The judge handed down a harsh sentence due to the criminal nature of the defendant's actions. 
clue
clue
[名詞]

a sign, fact, or piece of information that helps someone discover the answer to a problem, mystery, or question

手がかり

手がかり

Ex: Detectives found a fingerprint that provided a valuable clue in the investigation. 
illegally
illegally
[副詞]

in a way that breaks or goes against the law

違法に, 不法に

違法に, 不法に

Ex: He was arrested for illegally downloading copyrighted music. 

彼は著作権で保護された音楽を違法にダウンロードしたことで逮捕されました。

to investigate

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

調査する,  調べる

調査する, 調べる

Ex: The police were called to investigate the suspicious death. 
detective work

the activity of trying to get more information or finding out the truth about something

探偵の仕事, 調査

探偵の仕事, 調査

Ex: The detective work helped solve the robbery case. 

探偵の仕事が強盗事件の解決に役立った。

murderer
murderer
[名詞]

a person who is guilty of killing another human being deliberately

殺人者, 人殺し

殺人者, 人殺し

Ex: The police apprehended the murderer after a lengthy investigation into the crime. 

警察は犯罪についての長い調査の後、殺人者を逮捕した。

punishment
punishment
[名詞]

the act or process of making someone suffer a consequence for wrongdoing

罰,  処罰

罰, 処罰

Ex: The teacher believed that punishment should be fair and consistent. 
to shoot
to shoot
[動詞]

to release a bullet or arrow from a gun or bow

撃つ, 発射する

撃つ, 発射する

Ex: The hunter carefully aimed and shot at the target in the distance. 
victim
victim
[名詞]

a person who has been harmed, injured, or killed due to a crime, accident, etc.

犠牲者

犠牲者

Ex: Emergency services rushed the victim to the hospital following the car accident. 
to appeal
to appeal
[動詞]

to officially ask a higher court to review and reverse the decision made by a lower court

上訴する, 控訴する

上訴する, 控訴する

Ex: After careful consideration, the company's legal team decided to appeal the injunction issued by the district court. 
to capture
to capture
[動詞]

to seize or get control of something by force

占領する, 奪取する

占領する, 奪取する

Ex: The rebels captured the government building during the uprising. 
to confess
to confess
[動詞]

to admit that one has committed a crime or done something wrong

告白する,  自白する

告白する, 自白する

Ex: The suspect eventually confessed to the robbery. 
drug dealer
drug dealer
[名詞]

an individual who sells illegal drugs such as narcotics, opioids, etc.

麻薬の売人, ドラッグディーラー

麻薬の売人, ドラッグディーラー

Ex: The novel portrays the life of a drug dealer who starts questioning the morality of his actions. 

その小説は、自分の行動の道徳性に疑問を持ち始める麻薬の売人の人生を描いています。

eyewitness
eyewitness
[名詞]

someone who has personally seen of an object, event, etc. and can describe it

目撃者, 証人

目撃者, 証人

Ex: The police interviewed the eyewitness to gather details about the robbery. 

警察は強盗についての詳細を集めるために目撃者にインタビューしました。

innocent
innocent
[形容詞]

not guilty of a crime, offense, or wrongdoing

Ex: The jury found Emma innocent of all charges. 
investigation

an attempt to gather the facts of a matter such as a crime, incident, etc. to find out the truth

調査,  捜査

調査, 捜査

Ex: The investigation into the accident showed that human error was to blame. 
offender
offender
[名詞]

a person who commits a crime or other illegal act

Ex: The offender was arrested shortly after the robbery. 
robbery
robbery
[名詞]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

強盗, 窃盗

強盗, 窃盗

Ex: The bank was the target of a robbery, with the thieves escaping with a large sum of money. 

銀行は強盗の標的となり、泥棒は多額の金を持って逃げた。

shoplifting
shoplifting
[名詞]

the crime of taking goods from a store without paying for them

万引き, 店舗内窃盗

万引き, 店舗内窃盗

Ex: Shoplifting is considered a serious crime in most countries. 

万引きは、ほとんどの国で重大な犯罪と見なされています。

to suspect
to suspect
[動詞]

to think that someone may have committed a crime, without having proof

疑う,  不審に思う

疑う, 不審に思う

Ex: They suspect the employee of taking money from the cash register. 
vandalism
vandalism
[名詞]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

破壊行為

破壊行為

Ex: After the vandalism of the public library, the community came together to clean and restore the damaged areas. 

公共図書館の破壊行為の後、コミュニティは集まって損傷したエリアを清掃し、修復しました。

violence
violence
[名詞]

a crime that is intentionally directed toward a person or thing to hurt, intimidate, or kill them

暴力, 残忍さ

暴力, 残忍さ

Ex: Authorities are working to address the root causes of violence in high-crime neighborhoods. 
blackmail
blackmail
[名詞]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

恐喝, 強要

恐喝, 強要

Ex: She was a victim of blackmail after someone threatened to expose her personal emails. 

彼女は、誰かが彼女の個人メールを暴露すると脅した後、恐喝の被害者になった。

execution
execution
[名詞]

the act of putting someone to death as a legal punishment

死刑執行

死刑執行

Ex: The prisoner faced execution after his final appeal was rejected. 
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