used to indicate the amount or degree by which something is different from another thing

~에 의해, ~만큼
used to express a specific amount, age, value, etc.

의, 의한
used to indicate a quantity or amount that surpasses a specified limit

초과하여, 너무 많은
used to indicate a lower amount or degree in comparison to a specific standard or expectation

보다 낮은, 미만의
(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

근처에, 거의
used to indicate subtraction or the exclusion of something from a total or whole

덜, 보다 적은
used to indicate an increase or addition to a particular quantity, amount, or measurement

~에 대한, ~의 위에
used to add extra or supplementary information

~에 추가하여, ~외에도
used to convey the idea of something being in addition to or accompanying the main thing mentioned

뿐만 아니라, 옆에
used to introduce another item or person that is included in the same category or group as the previous one

뿐만 아니라, 또한
denoting the inclusion of something extra alongside existing tasks, responsibilities, or obligations

~에 추가로, ~와 더불어
beyond what is expected, required, or usual

이상으로, 넘어서
used to show the factor or multiplier in a mathematical operation

에 의해, 로 곱하여
used to indicate that something is increased by or combined with another thing; with the addition of

더하여, 추가하여
used to show that something is taken away from a total

제외하고, 빼고
