Livro Insight - Intermediário avançado - Unidade 4 - 4A

Aqui você encontrará o vocabulário da Unidade 4 - 4A no livro didático Insight Upper-Intermediate, como "fardo", "em dúvida", "agressão", etc.

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engineer

[substantivo]

a person who designs, fixes, or builds roads, machines, bridges, etc.

engenheiro, técnico

Ex: The engineer oversees the construction and maintenance of roads and bridges .O **engenheiro** supervisiona a construção e a manutenção de estradas e pontes.

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to cause

[verbo]

to make something happen, usually something bad

causar, provocar

Ex: Smoking is known to cause various health problems .Sabe-se que fumar **causa** vários problemas de saúde.

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burden

[substantivo]

a responsibility or task that causes hardship, stress, etc.

fardo, ônus

Ex: The environmental impact of industrial pollution is a burden that future generations will have to bear .O impacto ambiental da poluição industrial é um **fardo** que as gerações futuras terão que carregar.

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obese

[adjetivo]

extremely overweight, with excess body fat that significantly increases health risks

obeso, sobrepeso

Ex: Obese children are at a higher risk of developing chronic diseases later in life .Crianças **obesas** têm um risco maior de desenvolver doenças crônicas mais tarde na vida.

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to screen

[verbo]

to examine and test a person in order to check if they are sick or not

examinar, triar

Ex: The pharmacist screened customers for symptoms of COVID-19 before allowing them to enter the pharmacy .O farmacêutico **triou** os clientes para sintomas de COVID-19 antes de permitir que entrassem na farmácia.

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mind

[substantivo]

the ability in a person that makes them think, feel, or imagine

mente, intelecto

Ex: Reading stimulates the mind and broadens one 's perspective .A leitura estimula **a mente** e amplia a perspectiva.

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to shift

[verbo]

to change one's opinion, idea, attitude, or plan

mudar, alterar

Ex: The community leaders successfully persuaded residents to shift their attitudes towards embracing sustainable living practices .Os líderes comunitários persuadiram com sucesso os residentes a **mudar** suas atitudes para adotar práticas de vida sustentáveis.

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obesity

[substantivo]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obesidade, sobrepeso

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .Abordar a **obesidade** requer uma abordagem multifacetada que inclui a promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis, atividade física regular e iniciativas comunitárias.

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bald

[adjetivo]

having little or no hair on the head

careca, calvo

Ex: The older gentleman had a neat and tidy bald head , which suited him well .O cavalheiro mais velho tinha uma cabeça **careca** limpa e arrumada, que lhe ficava bem.

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baldness

[substantivo]

the condition of having little or no hair on the head or body

calvície, alopecia

Ex: He noticed the first signs of baldness in his late twenties .Ele notou os primeiros sinais de **calvície** no final dos vinte anos.

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disabled

[adjetivo]

completely or partial inability to use a part of one's body or mind, caused by an illness, injury, etc.

deficiente, inválido

Ex: The disabled worker excels in their job despite facing challenges related to their condition .O trabalhador **deficiente** se destaca em seu trabalho, apesar de enfrentar desafios relacionados à sua condição.

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disability

[substantivo]

a physical or mental condition that prevents a person from using some part of their body completely or learning something easily

deficiência, incapacidade

Ex: Disability should not prevent someone from achieving their goals .A **deficiência** não deve impedir alguém de alcançar seus objetivos.

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depressed

[adjetivo]

feeling very unhappy and having no hope

deprimido, abatido

Ex: He became depressed during the long , dark winter .

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depression

[substantivo]

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

depressão, melancolia

Ex: He spoke openly about his struggles with depression, hoping to help others .Ele falou abertamente sobre suas lutas com a **depressão**, na esperança de ajudar os outros.

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aggressive

[adjetivo]

behaving in an angry way and having a tendency to be violent

agressivo, violento

Ex: He had a reputation for his aggressive playing style on the sports field .Ele tinha uma reputação por seu estilo de jogo **agressivo** no campo esportivo.

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aggression

[substantivo]

hatred and anger that could lead to violent or threatening behavior

agressão, hostilidade

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deaf

[adjetivo]

partly or completely unable to hear

surdo, hipoacúsico

Ex: He learned to lip-read to better understand conversations as he grew increasingly deaf.Ele aprendeu a ler lábios para entender melhor as conversas à medida que ficava cada vez mais **surdo**.

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deafness

[substantivo]

the state or condition of being totally or partially unable to hear

surdez, condição de surdez

Ex: Early detection of deafness is essential for better outcomes .A detecção precoce da **surdez** é essencial para melhores resultados.

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short-sighted

[adjetivo]

not able to clearly see the objects that are not at a very close distance to one

míope, curto de vista

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shortsightedness

[substantivo]

a tendency to focus on short-term goals or benefits while ignoring the potential long-term consequence

miopia, falta de visão de longo prazo

Ex: His shortsightedness prevented him from seeing the potential risks .A sua **miopia** impediu-o de ver os riscos potenciais.

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addictive

[adjetivo]

(of a substance, activity, behavior, etc.) causing strong dependency, making it difficult for a person to stop using or engaging in it

viciante, viciado

Ex: Many find exercise addictive after experiencing the positive effects on their mood and energy .Muitos acham o exercício **viciante** depois de experimentar os efeitos positivos no humor e energia.

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addiction

[substantivo]

a strong desire to do or have something

vício, dependência

Ex: She developed an addiction to reading mystery novels , finishing one every week .Ela desenvolveu um **vício** em ler romances de mistério, terminando um por semana.

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imperfect

[adjetivo]

having faults, flaws, or shortcomings

imperfeito, defeituoso

Ex: The painting was captivating but imperfect, with brushstrokes that were slightly uneven .A pintura era cativante mas **imperfeita**, com pinceladas ligeiramente desiguais.

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imperfection

[substantivo]

a state of having flaws or mistakes, which make something or someone less than ideal

imperfeição, defeito

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to slip one's mind

[frase]

to be forgotten or disregarded

Ex: The combination to the safe slipped his mind, leaving him unable to access the important documents inside .

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to cross one's mind

[frase]

to come into one's thoughts or mind momentarily

Ex: It did n't cross his mind that he could win the competition until someone mentioned it .

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of two minds

[frase]

in a state of uncertainty in which it becomes difficult for one to make a decision between two available options

Ex: The team of two minds about the proposed marketing strategy , with some members enthusiastic about its potential while others expressed reservations .

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to get one's mind off something

[frase]

to distract someone's attention or thoughts away from something, typically something stressful, worrisome, or unpleasant

Ex: Find a hobby.

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to keep something in mind

[frase]

to remember or consider a particular piece of information or advice

Ex: Before signing the contract, keep in mind the terms and conditions to avoid any future misunderstandings.

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to make up one's mind

[frase]

to come to a final decision or conclusion after considering different options or possibilities

Ex: After trying different flavors , made up his mind and chose the chocolate chip ice cream as his favorite .

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to change one's mind

[frase]

to change one's opinion or decision regarding something

Ex: When I first met him I didn't like him

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to give somebody a piece of one's mind

[frase]

to let someone know that their bad behavior made one annoyed or angry

Ex: In the heated argument, Tom's friend accused him of betraying their trust, prompting Tom to give his side of the story and a piece of his mind about misunderstanding the situation.

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out of one's mind

[frase]

used to refer to someone who is so stressed, angry, or confused that they are unable to behave normally or make any logical decisions

Ex: She out of her mind with frustration after dealing with the broken appliance .

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on one's mind

[frase]

with one's thoughts or concerns centered on a particular subject or issue

Ex: Planning the wedding has on their minds for months ; it 's a major focus of their conversations .

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