Ciências Naturais SAT - Ciências Médicas

a scientist specializing in the study of drugs, their effects on biological systems, and their development for therapeutic purposes

farmacólogo, cientista da farmacologia

a medical specialist who specializes in diagnosing and treating injuries using radioactive substances and X-rays

radiologista, especialista em radiologia

a medical professional who specializes in studying and diagnosing diseases by examining tissues, cells, and bodily fluids

patologista, médico patologista

a doctor who specializes in the treatment of children

pediatra, médico pediátrico

a professional who studies behavior and mental processes to understand and treat psychological disorders and improve overall mental health

psicólogo

a doctor who is trained to treat animals

veterinário, veterinária

the impaired or abnormal functioning of an organ, system, or biological process, often resulting in diminished efficiency or health consequences

dysfunção, funcionamento anormal

to find out the cause of a problem or what disease a person has by examining the symptoms

diagnosticar, determinar

to give someone medicine, drugs, etc.

administrar, dar (medicamentos)

(of medicine) related to actions that heal, alleviate, or prevent health issues

terapêutico

treatments or therapies aimed at restoring health, function, or vitality to a person or part of the body

restaurativo, recuperativo

(of medical procedures) comprising cutting into the body or body cavities

invasivo, invasiva

designed to stop something harmful from happening, especially related to health or diseases

preventivo, preventiva

the process of boosting the immunity system of a person or animal against a disease by vaccination

inoculação, vacinação

a secondary effect of any drug or medicine, usually an undesirable one

efeito colateral, reação adversa

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

imunodeficiência

the body's defensive reaction to foreign substances, such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins, involving the activation of immune cells and the production of antibodies

resposta imunológica, resposta imune

a medical treatment that uses bacteriophages, or viruses that specifically target and kill bacteria, to combat bacterial infections

fagoterapia

a medicine without any physiological effect that is given to a control group in an experiment to measure the effectiveness of a new drug or to patients who think they need medicine when in reality they do not

placebo

related to an infection or having the ability to cause an infection

infeccioso, infectante

any organism that can cause diseases

patógeno, agente patogênico

the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment and maintain a stable, balanced condition, despite external changes

homeostase

relating to the study and treatment of mental illness

psiquiátrico

related to the period occurring or existing before birth, specifically in relation to the development and care of the fetus during pregnancy

pré-natal, antes do nascimento

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

embrião

related to the process of growth, progress, or improvement over time

desenvolvimental, relacionado ao desenvolvimento

related to or resembling lymph or the tissues where lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, are produced

linfoide

a region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage through injury, disease, or other causes

lesão

the thickening and scarring of connective tissue, usually as a result of injury or long-term inflammation

fibrose

to insert a living tissue or an artificial object into the body via medical procedure

implantar, inserir

an examination of a deceased person's organs to determine the cause of death

autópsia

relating to the production of drugs or medicine used for medicinal purposes

farmacêutico, medicamento

relating to the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood into the arteries

sistólica

a substance that prevents infection when applied to a wound, especially by killing bacteria

antisséptico

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

ácido ascórbico, vitamina C

the group of organs inside the body that absorb the food and pass the waste

sistema digestivo, aparelho digestivo

related to the process of breathing and the organs involved in it, such as the lungs and airways

respiratório, relacionado à respiração

a live microorganism, typically bacteria or yeast, that is beneficial to health, especially the digestive system

probiótico, microorganismo benéfico

to clean something thoroughly to reduce or eliminate germs, bacteria, or other harmful microorganisms

sanitizar, desinfectar

relating to pregnancy or the period of carrying offspring in the womb

gestacional, relativo à gestação

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

esputo, mucoso

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

fleuma, muco

a medical imaging technique that uses a small amount of radioactive tracer material to diagnose and monitor diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders

tomografia por emissão de positrões, escaneamento PET

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

respiração, ato de respirar

a drug that makes one feel stronger, healthier, or better, particularly used to treat exhaustion

tônico, remédio

the natural biological process that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles, typically occurring around the age of 50

menopausa

a numerical measure of an individual's body fat based on their weight and height, often used to assess and categorize body weight in relation to health

índice de massa corporal, IMC

a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, vivid dreaming, and muscle paralysis, important for cognitive restoration and memory consolidation

movimento rápido dos olhos, REM (Movimento Rápido dos Olhos)