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Ciencias Naturales SAT - Ciencias Médicas

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con las ciencias médicas, como "embrión", "preventivo", "autopsia", etc., que necesitarás para superar tus SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
pharmacologist
pharmacologist
[Sustantivo]

a scientist specializing in the study of drugs, their effects on biological systems, and their development for therapeutic purposes

farmacólogo, especialista en farmacología

farmacólogo, especialista en farmacología

Ex: Researchers collaborate with pharmacologists to design clinical trials that assess drug efficacy in human subjects. 

Los investigadores colaboran con farmacólogos para diseñar ensayos clínicos que evalúan la eficacia de los fármacos en sujetos humanos.

radiologist
radiologist
[Sustantivo]

a medical specialist who specializes in diagnosing and treating injuries using radioactive substances and X-rays

radiólogo

radiólogo

pathologist
pathologist
[Sustantivo]

a medical professional who specializes in studying and diagnosing diseases by examining tissues, cells, and bodily fluids

patólogo

patólogo

Ex: If you have a biopsy or blood test, a pathologist analyzes the samples for health insights. 

Si te haces una biopsia o un análisis de sangre, un patólogo analiza las muestras para obtener información sobre la salud.

pediatrician
pediatrician
[Sustantivo]

a doctor who specializes in the treatment of children

pediatra

pediatra

Ex: They consulted a pediatrician to address their concerns about their teenager’s growth and development. 

Consultaron a un pediatra para abordar sus preocupaciones sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo de su adolescente.

psychologist
psychologist
[Sustantivo]

a professional who studies behavior and mental processes to understand and treat psychological disorders and improve overall mental health

psicólogo, sicólogo

psicólogo, sicólogo

Ex: Psychologists often use standardized tests to assess cognitive abilities and personality traits. 

Los psicólogos suelen utilizar pruebas estandarizadas para evaluar las habilidades cognitivas y los rasgos de personalidad.

veterinarian
veterinarian
[Sustantivo]

a doctor who is trained to treat animals

veterinario

veterinario

Ex: The veterinarian performed surgery on the cat to remove a tumor. 

El veterinario realizó una cirugía al gato para extirpar un tumor.

dysfunction
dysfunction
[Sustantivo]

the impaired or abnormal functioning of an organ, system, or biological process, often resulting in diminished efficiency or health consequences

disfunción, mal funcionamiento

disfunción, mal funcionamiento

Ex: Dysfunction in the cardiovascular system may result in conditions such as arrhythmias or heart failure. 

La disfunción en el sistema cardiovascular puede resultar en condiciones como arritmias o insuficiencia cardíaca.

to diagnose

to find out the cause of a problem or disease that a person has by examining the symptoms

diagnosticar

diagnosticar

Ex: Veterinarians use their expertise to diagnose illnesses in animals. 

Los veterinarios utilizan su experiencia para diagnosticar enfermedades en los animales.

to administer

to give someone medicine, drugs, etc.

administrar

administrar

Ex: The paramedics arrived promptly and administered an injection to stabilize the injured man. 

Los paramédicos llegaron rápidamente y administraron una inyección para estabilizar al hombre herido.

therapeutic
therapeutic
[Adjetivo]

(of medicine) related to actions that heal, alleviate, or prevent health issues

terapéutico

terapéutico

Ex: Therapeutic interventions aim to improve mental health. 

Las intervenciones terapéuticas tienen como objetivo mejorar la salud mental.

restorative
restorative
[Sustantivo]

treatments or therapies aimed at restoring health, function, or vitality to a person or part of the body

restaurador,  reparador

restaurador, reparador

Ex: Post-surgical patients undergo restorative therapies to regain strength and functionality. 

Los pacientes postquirúrgicos se someten a terapias restaurativas para recuperar fuerza y funcionalidad.

invasive
invasive
[Adjetivo]

(of medical procedures) comprising cutting into the body or body cavities

invasivo

invasivo

preventative
preventative
[Adjetivo]

designed to stop something harmful from happening, especially related to health or diseases

preventivo, profiláctico

preventivo, profiláctico

Ex: Many people take vitamin C as a preventative step to boost their immune system. 

Muchas personas toman vitamina C como un paso preventivo para reforzar su sistema inmunológico.

inoculation
inoculation
[Sustantivo]

the process of boosting the immunity system of a person or animal against a disease by vaccination

inoculación

inoculación

side effect
side effect
[Sustantivo]

a secondary effect of any drug or medicine, usually an undesirable one

efecto secundario

efecto secundario

Ex: After taking the antibiotic, he experienced a mild side effect in the form of an upset stomach, prompting him to call his healthcare provider for advice. 

Después de tomar el antibiótico, experimentó un efecto secundario leve en forma de malestar estomacal, lo que lo llevó a llamar a su proveedor de atención médica para pedir consejo.

immunodeficiency
immunodeficiency
[Sustantivo]

a condition where the immune system is weakened, making the person more vulnerable to infections and illnesses

inmunodeficiencia

inmunodeficiencia

Ex: Sarah's recurrent infections indicated an immunodeficiency that required medical attention. 

Las infecciones recurrentes de Sarah indicaban una inmunodeficiencia que requería atención médica.

immune response
immune response
[Sustantivo]

the body's defensive reaction to foreign substances, such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins, involving the activation of immune cells and the production of antibodies

respuesta inmunitaria, reacción inmunológica

respuesta inmunitaria, reacción inmunológica

Ex: Researchers are studying how different diets can influence the immune response to infections. 

Los investigadores están estudiando cómo diferentes dietas pueden influir en la respuesta inmunitaria a las infecciones.

phagotherapy
phagotherapy
[Sustantivo]

a medical treatment that uses bacteriophages, or viruses that specifically target and kill bacteria, to combat bacterial infections

fagoterapia, tratamiento con bacteriófagos

fagoterapia, tratamiento con bacteriófagos

placebo
placebo
[Sustantivo]

a medicine without any physiological effect that is given to a control group in an experiment to measure the effectiveness of a new drug or to patients who think they need medicine when in reality they do not

placebo

placebo

Ex: Some patients reported feeling better after taking the placebo, highlighting the power of the mind in healing. 

Algunos pacientes informaron sentirse mejor después de tomar el placebo, destacando el poder de la mente en la curación.

infective
infective
[Adjetivo]

related to an infection or having the ability to cause an infection

infeccioso, contagioso

infeccioso, contagioso

Ex: Symptoms of an infective disease often include fever, chills, and fatigue. 

Los síntomas de una enfermedad infecciosa a menudo incluyen fiebre, escalofríos y fatiga.

pathogen
pathogen
[Sustantivo]

any organism that can cause diseases

agente patógeno

agente patógeno

Ex: The researchers identified a new viral pathogen that was causing the outbreak of respiratory illness in the community. 

Los investigadores identificaron un nuevo patógeno viral que estaba causando el brote de enfermedad respiratoria en la comunidad.

homeostasis
homeostasis
[Sustantivo]

the tendency of an organism or cell to regulate its internal environment and maintain a stable, balanced condition, despite external changes

homeostasis, equilibrio interno

homeostasis, equilibrio interno

Ex: Breathing rate adjusts to maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body, demonstrating respiratory homeostasis. 

La frecuencia respiratoria se ajusta para mantener el equilibrio de oxígeno y dióxido de carbono en el cuerpo, demostrando la homeostasis respiratoria.

psychiatric
psychiatric
[Adjetivo]

relating to the study and treatment of mental illness

psiquiátrico

psiquiátrico

Ex: The hospital offers psychiatric services for patients with mental health issues. 

El hospital ofrece servicios psiquiátricos para pacientes con problemas de salud mental.

prenatal
prenatal
[Adjetivo]

related to the period occurring or existing before birth, specifically in relation to the development and care of the fetus during pregnancy

prenatal, antenatal

prenatal, antenatal

Ex: Proper prenatal care contributes to the overall well-being of both mother and baby. 

La atención prenatal adecuada contribuye al bienestar general tanto de la madre como del bebé.

embryo
embryo
[Sustantivo]

an unhatched or unborn offspring in the process of development, especially a human offspring roughly from the second to the eighth week after fertilization

embrión

embrión

Ex: Researchers study embryos to better understand the early stages of human development and congenital disorders. 

Los investigadores estudian los embriones para comprender mejor las primeras etapas del desarrollo humano y los trastornos congénitos.

developmental
developmental
[Adjetivo]

related to the process of growth, progress, or improvement over time

del desarrollo

del desarrollo

Ex: Developmental psychology studies how individuals change and develop over the lifespan. 

La psicología del desarrollo estudia cómo los individuos cambian y se desarrollan a lo largo de la vida.

lymphoid
lymphoid
[Adjetivo]

related to or resembling lymph or the tissues where lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, are produced

linfoide, linfático

linfoide, linfático

Ex: The biopsy revealed an abnormal growth in the lymphoid tissue, necessitating further investigation. 

La biopsia reveló un crecimiento anormal en el tejido linfoide, lo que requiere una mayor investigación.

lesion
lesion
[Sustantivo]

an injury or wound to living tissue, often involving a cut, break, or trauma to the skin

lesión, herida

lesión, herida

Ex: Lesions caused by burns can take weeks to heal. 

Las lesiones causadas por quemaduras pueden tardar semanas en sanar.

fibrosis
fibrosis
[Sustantivo]

the thickening and scarring of connective tissue, usually as a result of injury or long-term inflammation

fibrosis, esclerosis

fibrosis, esclerosis

Ex: Early detection of fibrosis is crucial for effective treatment and management. 

La detección temprana de la fibrosis es crucial para un tratamiento y manejo efectivos.

to implant
to implant
[Verbo]

to insert a living tissue or an artificial object into the body via medical procedure

implantar

implantar

Ex: The doctor recommended implanting a stent to improve blood flow through the narrowed artery. 

El médico recomendó implantar un stent para mejorar el flujo sanguíneo a través de la arteria estrechada.

autopsy
autopsy
[Sustantivo]

an examination of a deceased person's organs to determine the cause of death

autopsia

autopsia

Ex: My family agreed to an autopsy to understand the cause of our loved one's sudden death. 

Mi familia accedió a una autopsia para entender la causa de la muerte repentina de nuestro ser querido.

pharmaceutical
pharmaceutical
[Sustantivo]

a medicinal drug, especially one manufactured or dispensed for use in diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease

producto farmacéutico

producto farmacéutico

Ex: Research into new pharmaceuticals aims to reduce side effects while improving efficacy. 

La investigación sobre nuevos farmacéuticos tiene como objetivo reducir los efectos secundarios mientras mejora la eficacia.

systolic
systolic
[Adjetivo]

relating to the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood into the arteries

sistólico

sistólico

Ex: A systolic murmur was detected during the cardiac examination. 

Se detectó un soplo sistólico durante el examen cardíaco.

antiseptic
antiseptic
[Sustantivo]

a substance that prevents infection when applied to a wound, especially by killing bacteria

antiséptico

antiséptico

Ex: It's important to use antiseptic when treating minor burns to prevent bacterial growth. 

Es importante usar un antiséptico al tratar quemaduras menores para prevenir el crecimiento bacteriano.

ascorbic acid
ascorbic acid
[Sustantivo]

a vitamin that helps keep the body cells healthy and supports the immune system, commonly found in fruits like orange and vegetables like tomatoes

ácido ascórbico, vitamina C

ácido ascórbico, vitamina C

Ex: Bell peppers are a colorful source of ascorbic acid. 

Los pimientos son una fuente colorida de ácido ascórbico.

digestive system
digestive system
[Sustantivo]

the group of organs inside the body that absorb the food and pass the waste

aparato digestivo

aparato digestivo

Ex: Waste products are then processed in the digestive system, eventually eliminated through the large intestine. 

Los productos de desecho son luego procesados en el sistema digestivo, eventualmente eliminados a través del intestino grueso.

respiratory
respiratory
[Adjetivo]

related to the process of breathing and the organs involved in it, such as the lungs and airways

respiratorio

respiratorio

Ex: Cigarette smoke can cause respiratory problems and increase the risk of lung cancer and other diseases. 

El humo del cigarrillo puede causar problemas respiratorios y aumentar el riesgo de cáncer de pulmón y otras enfermedades.

probiotic
probiotic
[Sustantivo]

a live microorganism, typically bacteria or yeast, that is beneficial to health, especially the digestive system

probiótico, microorganismo vivo beneficioso

probiótico, microorganismo vivo beneficioso

Ex: Probiotics can help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the intestines. 

Los probióticos pueden ayudar a mantener un equilibrio saludable de bacterias en los intestinos.

to sanitize

to clean something thoroughly to reduce or eliminate germs, bacteria, or other harmful microorganisms

sanitizar, desinfectar

sanitizar, desinfectar

Ex: During flu season, it's a good idea to sanitize frequently-touched surfaces like doorknobs and light switches. 

Durante la temporada de gripe, es una buena idea desinfectar las superficies que se tocan con frecuencia, como los pomos de las puertas y los interruptores de luz.

gestational
gestational
[Adjetivo]

relating to pregnancy or the period of carrying offspring in the womb

gestacional, relativo a la gestación

gestacional, relativo a la gestación

Ex: She experienced gestational hypertension during her third trimester. 

Ella experimentó hipertensión gestacional durante su tercer trimestre.

sputum
sputum
[Sustantivo]

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

esputo, flema

esputo, flema

Ex: Chronic bronchitis is characterized by the production of excessive sputum. 

La bronquitis crónica se caracteriza por la producción excesiva de esputo.

phlegm
phlegm
[Sustantivo]

the thick mucus that is formed in the nasal and throat cavities, usually secreted in excessive amounts as a result of common cold

flema

flema

Ex: Smoking can exacerbate phlegm production and lead to chronic bronchitis and respiratory problems. 

Fumar puede exacerbar la producción de flema y provocar bronquitis crónica y problemas respiratorios.

positron emission tomography

a medical imaging technique that uses a small amount of radioactive tracer material to diagnose and monitor diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders

tomografía por emisión de positrones, PET

tomografía por emisión de positrones, PET

Ex: PET imaging is valuable for early detection of Alzheimer's disease. 

La imagen por tomografía por emisión de positrones es valiosa para la detección temprana de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.

respiration
respiration
[Sustantivo]

(anatomy) the act or process of breathing

respiración

respiración

Ex: Oxygen is transported from the lungs to the bloodstream during the process of respiration. 

El oxígeno se transporta desde los pulmones al torrente sanguíneo durante el proceso de respiración.

tonic
tonic
[Sustantivo]

a drug that makes one feel stronger, healthier, or better, particularly used to treat exhaustion

tónico

tónico

menopause
menopause
[Sustantivo]

the natural biological process that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles, typically occurring around the age of 50

menopausia

menopausia

Ex: The doctor discussed the implications of early menopause due to surgical intervention. 

El médico discutió las implicaciones de la menopausia temprana debido a una intervención quirúrgica.

body mass index
body mass index
[Sustantivo]

a numerical measure of an individual's body fat based on their weight and height, often used to assess and categorize body weight in relation to health

índice de masa corporal, IMC

índice de masa corporal, IMC

Ex: A high body mass index may indicate an increased likelihood of obesity-related health issues. 

Un índice de masa corporal alto puede indicar una mayor probabilidad de problemas de salud relacionados con la obesidad.

rapid eye movement
rapid eye movement
[Sustantivo]

a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, vivid dreaming, and muscle paralysis, important for cognitive restoration and memory consolidation

movimiento ocular rápido, sueño paradójico

movimiento ocular rápido, sueño paradójico

Ex: The psychologist studied the relationship between REM sleep patterns and mood disorders. 

El psicólogo estudió la relación entre los patrones de sueño movimiento ocular rápido y los trastornos del estado de ánimo.

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