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Vocabulário Essencial para o TOEFL - Família e Relacionamentos

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre família e relacionamentos, como "conhecido", "ramo", "compatível", etc., que são necessárias para o exame TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
acquaintance
acquaintance
[substantivo]

a person whom one knows but is not a close friend

conhecido, relação

conhecido, relação

Ex: It's always nice to catch up with acquaintances at social gatherings and hear about their recent experiences. 

É sempre bom encontrar conhecidos em reuniões sociais e ouvir sobre suas experiências recentes.

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band
band
[substantivo]

a group of people who come together for a particular purpose, often because they share common interests or beliefs

grupo, coletivo

grupo, coletivo

Ex: She was part of a band of volunteers that assisted with disaster relief efforts. 
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bond
bond
[substantivo]

a relationship between people or groups based on shared experiences, ideas, or emotions

vínculo, elo

vínculo, elo

Ex: Shared hardship can create a lasting bond between friends. 
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adultery
adultery
[substantivo]

sexual intercourse involving a married person and someone other than their spouse

adultério, infidelidade

adultério, infidelidade

Ex: Despite the temptation, she remained committed to her marriage vows and chose to confront her husband about his suspected adultery. 

Apesar da tentação, ela permaneceu fiel aos seus votos matrimoniais e optou por confrontar o marido sobre seu suposto adultério.

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affair
affair
[substantivo]

a sexual relationship between two people in which at least one of them is already committed to someone else

caso, relação

caso, relação

Ex: He ended the affair, realizing the damage it was causing to his marriage and family. 
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ally
ally
[substantivo]

a person who supports or helps someone, especially against opposition or in a difficult situation

Ex: Having an ally at work made the situation easier to handle. 
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ancestor
ancestor
[substantivo]

a person from whom someone is descended, especially one who lived many generations ago

antepassado,  ancestral

antepassado, ancestral

Ex: He traced one ancestor back to a small village in northern France. 
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ancestry
ancestry
[substantivo]

the people from whom a person is descended

ascendência, linhagem

ascendência, linhagem

Ex: The ancestry of the family can be seen in old portraits. 
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branch
branch
[substantivo]

a subdivision or a group of members of an extended family sharing the same ancestors

ramo, linhagem

ramo, linhagem

Ex: Each branch of the family contributed stories and photographs to the comprehensive family history book. 
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clan
clan
[substantivo]

a large group of people who are related to each other

clã, família extensa

clã, família extensa

Ex: The wedding was a grand event, attended by members of the clan from all over the country. 
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adoptive
adoptive
[adjetivo]

(of a child or parent) related through adoption

adotivo

adotivo

Ex: The adoptive siblings may not share DNA, but their bond is just as strong as any biological family's. 
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biracial
biracial
[adjetivo]

representing or involving members of two different races

biracial, mestiço

biracial, mestiço

Ex: Biracial representation in media and literature is essential for promoting diversity and challenging stereotypes. 

A representação biracial na mídia e na literatura é essencial para promover a diversidade e desafiar estereótipos.

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to cheat on

to have a secret romantic or sexual relationship with someone other than one's own partner

trair o parceiro com uma relação romântica ou sexual secreta, manter uma relação secreta com alguém além do parceiro

trair o parceiro com uma relação romântica ou sexual secreta, manter uma relação secreta com alguém além do parceiro

Ex: Despite his apologies, the damage was done when he cheated on his boyfriend. 

Apesar de seus pedidos de desculpas, o estrago estava feito quando ele traiu o namorado.

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breakup
breakup
[substantivo]

the end of a relationship or an association

separação, término

separação, término

Ex: The breakup of the partnership left both entrepreneurs free to explore new business opportunities independently. 

O fim da parceria deixou ambos os empreendedores livres para explorar novas oportunidades de negócios independentemente.

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brotherly
brotherly
[adjetivo]

showing a level of love or care that one would only expect a brother to have

fraternal, de irmão

fraternal, de irmão

Ex: His brotherly instinct kicked in when he saw his younger sibling struggling with the heavy load, and he rushed to help. 

Seu instinto fraterno entrou em ação quando ele viu seu irmão mais novo lutando com a carga pesada, e ele correu para ajudar.

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brotherhood
brotherhood
[substantivo]

the feeling of understanding and friendship between people

irmandade, camaradagem

irmandade, camaradagem

Ex: Brotherhood is not just about family; it’s about building strong, compassionate bonds with others who share your values and goals. 

A fraternidade não é apenas sobre família; trata-se de construir laços fortes e compassivos com outros que compartilham seus valores e objetivos.

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companion
companion
[substantivo]

a person or animal that spends time with someone and provides company

companheiro,  companheira

companheiro, companheira

Ex: The two women became good companions while sharing an apartment. 
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companionship
companionship
[substantivo]

the delightful feeling that one has when accompanied by people one enjoys spending time with rather than being alone

companheirismo, companhia

companheirismo, companhia

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compatible
compatible
[adjetivo]

able to have a comfortable and harmonious relationship because of similar qualities, interests, or attitudes

compatível,  harmonioso

compatível, harmonioso

Ex: Their friends thought they would be highly compatible. 
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co-parent
co-parent
[substantivo]

a person who shares the responsibilities of raising a child

co-pai, pai compartilhado

co-pai, pai compartilhado

Ex: The co-parents work together to create a loving and nurturing environment for their children, despite their differences. 

Os co-pais trabalham juntos para criar um ambiente amoroso e acolhedor para seus filhos, apesar de suas diferenças.

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custody
custody
[substantivo]

the legal right and responsibility to care for a child and make decisions concerning them

custódia,  guarda

custódia, guarda

Ex: They are involved in a dispute over custody of the children. 
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descendant
descendant
[substantivo]

a person descended from a particular ancestor

descendente

descendente

Ex: No direct descendant of the monarch remains alive. 
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distant
distant
[adjetivo]

having a connection that is not close or direct, as in a remote familial or social relationship

distante,  remoto

distante, remoto

Ex: Although they’re distant kin, they share some striking physical features. 

Embora sejam parentes distantes, eles compartilham algumas características físicas impressionantes.

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soulmate
soulmate
[substantivo]

the perfect romantic partner for a person

alma gêmea, parceiro perfeito

alma gêmea, parceiro perfeito

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tie
tie
[substantivo]

a bond or connection between people, organizations, etc.

vínculo, relação

vínculo, relação

Ex: They developed strong personal ties over the years. 
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to socialize

to interact and spend time with people

socializar, conviver

socializar, conviver

Ex: Last weekend, they promptly socialized at a family gathering. 

No fim de semana passado, eles prontamente socializaram em uma reunião de família.

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kin
kin
[substantivo]

a person's family and relatives

parentela, familiares

parentela, familiares

Ex: I haven’t seen my kin in years, but we still keep in touch. 

Não vejo meus parentes há anos, mas ainda mantemos contato.

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next of kin
next of kin
[substantivo]

one's closest living relative or relatives

parente mais próximo, familiar mais próximo

parente mais próximo, familiar mais próximo

Ex: As the next of kin, you will be responsible for making decisions regarding the deceased's estate. 
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kinship
kinship
[substantivo]

the relationship between the members of a family

parentesco

parentesco

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parenting
parenting
[substantivo]

‌the process of raising or taking care of one's child or children

paternidade, criação dos filhos

paternidade, criação dos filhos

Ex: His parenting style emphasizes open communication and fostering independence in his children. 

Seu estilo de paternidade enfatiza a comunicação aberta e promove a independência em seus filhos.

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maternal
maternal
[adjetivo]

related to or characteristic of a mother and motherhood, especially during and following childbirth

materno, materno

materno, materno

Ex: There's a certain maternal warmth she exudes every time she talks about her newborn. 

Há um certo calor maternal que ela exala toda vez que fala sobre seu recém-nascido.

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paternal
paternal
[adjetivo]

having qualities or behaviors typically associated with a father, particularly in a caring, supportive, or protective manner

paterno, paternal

paterno, paternal

Ex: One of the most valuable pieces of paternal advice he received was to prioritize his education and never stop learning. 

Um dos conselhos paternos mais valiosos que ele recebeu foi priorizar sua educação e nunca parar de aprender.

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intimate
intimate
[adjetivo]

having a very close and friendly personal relationship

íntimo,  próximo

íntimo, próximo

Ex: Their intimate friendship survived decades of living in different countries. 
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to inherit
to inherit
[verbo]

to receive money, property, or possessions from someone after they die

herdar, receber

herdar, receber

Ex: He inherited enough money to pay off his debts. 
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heritage
heritage
[substantivo]

a person's ethnic, cultural, or religious background inherited from their ancestors

herança,  patrimônio

herança, patrimônio

Ex: Her Jewish heritage has strongly influenced her sense of identity. 
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ex
ex
[substantivo]

the person one used to be married to or have a relationship with

ex-parceiro ou ex-cônjuge

ex-parceiro ou ex-cônjuge

Ex: Despite being divorced, they both attended their daughter's graduation, showing that they could still be amicable exes. 

Apesar de divorciados, ambos compareceram à formatura da filha, mostrando que ainda podiam ser ex amigáveis.

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exclusive
exclusive
[adjetivo]

limited to one particular person, group, organization, or purpose and not shared with others

Ex: The artist signed an exclusive contract with the gallery. 
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to associate

to interact and spend time with someone or a group of people

associar-se, relacionar-se

associar-se, relacionar-se

Ex: She tends to associate with people who share her interests in art and music. 
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