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托福必备词汇 - 家庭与关系

在这里,你将学习一些关于家庭和关系的英语单词,如“熟人”、“分支”、“兼容”等,这些是托福考试所需要的。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
acquaintance
acquaintance
[名词]

a person whom one knows but is not a close friend

熟人, 关系

熟人, 关系

Ex: Though they were only acquaintances, he always greeted her warmly whenever they crossed paths. 

尽管他们只是熟人,但每当他们相遇时,他总是热情地打招呼。

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band
band
[名词]

a group of people who come together for a particular purpose, often because they share common interests or beliefs

团体, 集体

团体, 集体

Ex: A band of teachers gathered to discuss improvements for the school. 
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bond
bond
[名词]

a relationship between people or groups based on shared experiences, ideas, or emotions

纽带, 联系

纽带, 联系

Ex: Traveling together strengthened their bond as siblings. 
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adultery
adultery
[名词]

sexual intercourse involving a married person and someone other than their spouse

通奸, 不忠

通奸, 不忠

Ex: In the eyes of the law, adultery can be grounds for divorce in many jurisdictions. 

在法律眼中,通奸可能是许多司法管辖区离婚的理由。

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affair
affair
[名词]

a sexual relationship between two people in which at least one of them is already committed to someone else

婚外情, 外遇

婚外情, 外遇

Ex: She confided in her best friend about the affair, seeking advice on how to handle the situation. 
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ally
ally
[名词]

a person who supports or helps someone, especially against opposition or in a difficult situation

Ex: Daniel became an important ally in the campaign. 
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ancestor
ancestor
[名词]

a person from whom someone is descended, especially one who lived many generations ago

祖先,  祖宗

祖先, 祖宗

Ex: Daniel discovered that his ancestors had lived in the region for centuries. 
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ancestry
ancestry
[名词]

the people from whom a person is descended

祖先, 血统

祖先, 血统

Ex: His ancestry includes both Irish and Italian roots. 
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branch
branch
[名词]

a subdivision or a group of members of an extended family sharing the same ancestors

分支, 世系

分支, 世系

Ex: Although they belonged to different branches of the family, the cousins maintained close relationships throughout their lives. 
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clan
clan
[名词]

a large group of people who are related to each other

氏族, 大家庭

氏族, 大家庭

Ex: As the eldest member of the clan, she held a place of honor and respect during family gatherings. 
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adoptive
adoptive
[形容词]

(of a child or parent) related through adoption

收养的

收养的

Ex: Despite not being biologically related, the adoptive family created a strong bond through love and shared experiences. 
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biracial
biracial
[形容词]

representing or involving members of two different races

双种族的, 混血的

双种族的, 混血的

Ex: The biracial couple faced prejudice and discrimination from society but remained resilient in their love and commitment to each other. 

这对混血夫妇面对社会的偏见和歧视,但在彼此的爱和承诺中保持了坚韧。

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to cheat on
to cheat on
[动词]

to have a secret romantic or sexual relationship with someone other than one's own partner

背着伴侣与他人发生秘密恋爱或性关系, 与伴侣之外的人保持秘密关系

背着伴侣与他人发生秘密恋爱或性关系, 与伴侣之外的人保持秘密关系

Ex: The rumors about him cheating on his wife turned out to be true. 

关于他出轨妻子的谣言原来是真的。

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breakup
breakup
[名词]

the end of a relationship or an association

分手, 破裂

分手, 破裂

Ex: After the band's breakup, the members pursued solo careers and different musical projects. 

乐队解散后,成员们追求了独唱生涯和不同的音乐项目。

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brotherly
brotherly
[形容词]

showing a level of love or care that one would only expect a brother to have

兄弟般的, 如兄弟的

兄弟般的, 如兄弟的

Ex: Their bond was built on a foundation of brotherly love and mutual respect. 

他们的纽带建立在兄弟般的爱和相互尊重的基础上。

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brotherhood
brotherhood
[名词]

the feeling of understanding and friendship between people

兄弟情谊, 战友之情

兄弟情谊, 战友之情

Ex: The charity’s goal was to foster a sense of brotherhood by bringing together people from different backgrounds to help those in need. 

该慈善机构的目标是通过聚集来自不同背景的人来帮助有需要的人,从而培养一种兄弟情谊的感觉。

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companion
companion
[名词]

a person or animal that spends time with someone and provides company

同伴,  伴侣

同伴, 伴侣

Ex: His dog became his constant companion after he retired. 
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companionship

the delightful feeling that one has when accompanied by people one enjoys spending time with rather than being alone

陪伴,  companionship

陪伴, companionship

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compatible
compatible
[形容词]

able to have a comfortable and harmonious relationship because of similar qualities, interests, or attitudes

合得来,  相容

合得来, 相容

Ex: They discovered that they were not compatible as a couple. 
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co-parent
co-parent
[名词]

a person who shares the responsibilities of raising a child

共同父母, 共享父母

共同父母, 共享父母

Ex: Despite living apart, they remain committed co-parents, collaborating on important decisions for their child's upbringing. 

尽管分居,他们仍然是尽职的共同父母,在孩子的成长过程中就重要决定进行合作。

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custody
custody
[名词]

the legal right and responsibility to care for a child and make decisions concerning them

监护权,  抚养权

监护权, 抚养权

Ex: Daniel is seeking joint custody of his son. 
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descendant
descendant
[名词]

a person descended from a particular ancestor

后代

后代

Ex: Every descendant inherited a share of the estate. 
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distant
distant
[形容词]

having a connection that is not close or direct, as in a remote familial or social relationship

遥远的,  疏远的

遥远的, 疏远的

Ex: She received a letter from a distant relative she had never met. 

她收到了一封从未谋面的远亲的来信。

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soulmate
soulmate
[名词]

the perfect romantic partner for a person

灵魂伴侣, 完美伴侣

灵魂伴侣, 完美伴侣

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tie
tie
[名词]

a bond or connection between people, organizations, etc.

纽带, 关系

纽带, 关系

Ex: She maintains close ties with her former colleagues. 
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to socialize
to socialize
[动词]

to interact and spend time with people

社交, 交往

社交, 交往

Ex: Colleagues often socialize during breaks to build camaraderie in the workplace. 

同事們經常在休息時社交以建立工作場所的友誼。

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kin
kin
[名词]

a person's family and relatives

亲属, 家人

亲属, 家人

Ex: His kin live in the countryside, far from the city. 

他的亲属住在乡下,远离城市。

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next of kin
next of kin
[名词]

one's closest living relative or relatives

近亲, 直系亲属

近亲, 直系亲属

Ex: The police notified the deceased's next of kin about the accident. 
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kinship
kinship
[名词]

the relationship between the members of a family

亲属关系

亲属关系

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parenting
parenting
[名词]

‌the process of raising or taking care of one's child or children

育儿, 养育子女

育儿, 养育子女

Ex: Parenting can be challenging, but it is also one of the most rewarding experiences in life. 

育儿可能具有挑战性,但它也是生活中最有意义的经历之一。

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maternal
maternal
[形容词]

related to or characteristic of a mother and motherhood, especially during and following childbirth

母亲的, 母性的

母亲的, 母性的

Ex: The clinic offers support during the maternal phase to ensure both mother and child are healthy. 

诊所提供母性阶段的支持,以确保母亲和孩子的健康。

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paternal
paternal
[形容词]

having qualities or behaviors typically associated with a father, particularly in a caring, supportive, or protective manner

父亲的, 父亲般的

父亲的, 父亲般的

Ex: The father's voice had a soothing, paternal tone as he read bedtime stories to his young daughter. 

父亲的声音有一种舒缓的父亲般的语调,当他给年幼的女儿读睡前故事时。

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intimate
intimate
[形容词]

having a very close and friendly personal relationship

亲密的,  亲近的

亲密的, 亲近的

Ex: Michael maintained an intimate friendship with his former teacher. 
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to inherit
to inherit
[动词]

to receive money, property, or possessions from someone after they die

继承, 承受

继承, 承受

Ex: Daniel expects to inherit some land from his father. 
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heritage
heritage
[名词]

a person's ethnic, cultural, or religious background inherited from their ancestors

遗产,  传承

遗产, 传承

Ex: She began studying Arabic to learn more about her family's heritage. 
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ex
ex
[名词]

the person one used to be married to or have a relationship with

前任伴侣或前配偶

前任伴侣或前配偶

Ex: She ran into her ex at the grocery store, and they exchanged awkward pleasantries. 

她在杂货店遇到了她的前任,他们尴尬地寒暄了几句。

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exclusive
exclusive
[形容词]

limited to one particular person, group, organization, or purpose and not shared with others

专属的,  独有的

专属的, 独有的

Ex: The company obtained exclusive rights to distribute the product. 
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to associate
to associate
[动词]

to interact and spend time with someone or a group of people

交往, 结交

交往, 结交

Ex: We enjoy associating with like-minded individuals. 
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