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Matematică și Logică SAT - Aritmetică și statistică

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în limba engleză legate de aritmetică și statistică, cum ar fi „divizibil”, „gamă”, „mediană”, etc. de care veți avea nevoie pentru a obține SAT-urile.

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SAT Vocabulary for Math and Logic
mixed number
[substantiv]

a combination of a whole number and a proper fraction

număr mixt, număr compus

număr mixt, număr compus

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prime number
[substantiv]

a number greater than 1 with only two devisors which can be itself or 1

număr prim, număr primar

număr prim, număr primar

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rational number
[substantiv]

a number that can be written as a fraction, where both the top and bottom are whole numbers, and the bottom is not zero

număr rațional, număr fracționar

număr rațional, număr fracționar

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irrational number
[substantiv]

a number incapable of being expressed as a ratio of two integers

număr irațional, număr nerațional

număr irațional, număr nerațional

Ex: The square root of 3 is irrational number because it can not be written as a fraction .
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complex number
[substantiv]

a number that has both a real part and a part involving a unit that, when squared, gives a negative result

număr complex, număr imaginar

număr complex, număr imaginar

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real number
[substantiv]

any number that can be found on the number line, including both positive and negative numbers, zero, and fractions

număr real, număr din intervalul real

număr real, număr din intervalul real

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whole number
[substantiv]

any positive number without fractions or decimals, including zero

număr întreg, număr natural

număr întreg, număr natural

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integer
[substantiv]

any number without fractions or decimals, including positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero

număr întreg, integer

număr întreg, integer

Ex: Multiplying two integers together will always yield integer.
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fraction
[substantiv]

a part of a whole number, such as ½

fractie, fractie

fractie, fractie

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decimal
[substantiv]

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

decimal, număr zecimal

decimal, număr zecimal

Ex: In mathematicsdecimals are a way to represent fractions or portions of a whole using a decimal point .
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improper fraction
[substantiv]

a fraction where the the top number is greater than or equal to the equal to the bottom number

fractie improprie, fractură improprie

fractie improprie, fractură improprie

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mean
[substantiv]

(mathematics) the average value of a set of quantities calculated by adding them, and dividing them by the total number of the quantities

media, valoarea medie

media, valoarea medie

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divisible
[adjectiv]

having the quality of being divided, especially by a number

divizibil, divizată

divizibil, divizată

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root
[substantiv]

a value that, when multiplied by itself a specified number of times, results in the given number

rădăcină, radical

rădăcină, radical

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range
[substantiv]

the difference between the highest and lowest values in a set of numbers

diferenţă, interval

diferenţă, interval

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square
[substantiv]

the second exponent of any given number produced when multiplied by itself

putere, numărul pătrat

putere, numărul pătrat

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average
[adjectiv]

calculated by adding a set of numbers together and dividing this amount by the total number of amounts in that set

medie, average

medie, average

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solution
[substantiv]

a correct answer to a problem in mathematics or a puzzle

soluție, rezolvare

soluție, rezolvare

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product
[substantiv]

the result of multiplying two or more numbers or quantities together

produs, rezultat

produs, rezultat

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quotient
[substantiv]

the result obtained by dividing one quantity or number by another, expressed as the outcome of a division operation

cat, rezultatul împărțirii

cat, rezultatul împărțirii

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factor
[substantiv]

(mathematics) one of the numbers that another number can be divided by

factor, divizor

factor, divizor

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value
[substantiv]

(mathematics) an amount that is shown by a sign or letter

valoare, cantitate

valoare, cantitate

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inequality
[substantiv]

a statement that compares two quantities, expressions, or values and indicates their relative sizes

inegalitate, neegalitate

inegalitate, neegalitate

Ex: In calculusinequalities are used to express conditions for the convergence or divergence of series and sequences .
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equation
[substantiv]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

ecuație, egalitate

ecuație, egalitate

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minimum
[substantiv]

the lowest amount, degree, or extent there is or is possible, allowed or required

minimum, minim

minimum, minim

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exponential
[substantiv]

a mathematical expression where a number is multiplied by itself a certain number of times determined by a variable

exponentială, expresie exponențială

exponentială, expresie exponențială

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linear
[adjectiv]

related to equations that create straight lines when graphed, indicating a constant rate of change

liniare, lineare

liniare, lineare

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common ratio
[substantiv]

the constant ratio between consecutive terms

raport comun, raport constant

raport comun, raport constant

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common multiple
[substantiv]

a number that is a multiple of two or more given numbers

multiplu comun, multiplu comun minim

multiplu comun, multiplu comun minim

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common factor
[substantiv]

a number that divides exactly into two or more given numbers without leaving a remainder

factor comun, divizor comun

factor comun, divizor comun

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common denominator
[substantiv]

(mathematics) a number divisible by all the numbers that are below the line in a set of fractions

numitor comun, numitor

numitor comun, numitor

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the smallest positive integer that is a common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions

cel mai mic multiplu comun, cel mai mic denominator comun

cel mai mic multiplu comun, cel mai mic denominator comun

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probability
[substantiv]

(mathematics) a number representing the chances of something specific happening

probabilitate, şans

probabilitate, şans

Ex: probability of rolling a six on a fair die is one out of six .
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to guess the value, number, quantity, size, etc. of something without exact calculation

a estima, a aprecia

a estima, a aprecia

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a sequence of numbers in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is constant

secvență aritmetică, succesiune aritmetică

secvență aritmetică, succesiune aritmetică

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frequency
[substantiv]

the number of times a particular event occurs within a specific period or among a set of observations

frecvență, frecvența (în sens de număr de apariții)

frecvență, frecvența (în sens de număr de apariții)

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distribution
[substantiv]

(statistics) the way statistical data are arranged that shows the frequency in which the values of a variable are repeated

distribuție, distribuția statistică

distribuție, distribuția statistică

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median
[substantiv]

a statistical measure that represents the middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in ascending or descending order

mediană, medie

mediană, medie

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mode
[substantiv]

the value that appears most frequently in a data set

mod, modul

mod, modul

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bimodal
[adjectiv]

having or involving two distinct modes, peaks, or most frequent values

bimodal, bimodală

bimodal, bimodală

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standard deviation
[substantiv]

a measure of how much the values in a set typically differ from the average

deviație standard, abatere standard

deviație standard, abatere standard

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margin of error
[substantiv]

the range within which the true value is expected to fall, accounting for potential inaccuracies in measurement or sampling

marjă de eroare, interval de incertitudine

marjă de eroare, interval de incertitudine

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random
[adjectiv]

occurring in such a way that each possible outcome has a certain probability of occurring, but the specific outcome cannot be predicted with certainty

aleatoriu, la întâmplare

aleatoriu, la întâmplare

Ex: To ensure unbiased results , the participants in the study were assigned to treatment groups using random assignment method .
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trend line
[substantiv]

a straight line drawn through a set of data points on a graph to represent the general direction or pattern of the data

linie de tendință, linie de trend

linie de tendință, linie de trend

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dot plot
[substantiv]

a type of statistical chart consisting of dots that represent individual data points

grafic cu puncte, diagramă cu puncte

grafic cu puncte, diagramă cu puncte

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linear model
[substantiv]

a mathematical representation that describes the relationship between two or more variables using a linear equation

model liniar, model de regresie liniară

model liniar, model de regresie liniară

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