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Естественные Науки SAT - Физический Мир

Здесь вы узнаете некоторые английские слова, связанные с физическим миром, такие как "распылять", "разбирать", "грязный" и т.д., которые вам понадобятся для успешной сдачи SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
to scrape
to scrape
[глагол]

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

скрести, соскабливать

скрести, соскабливать

Ex: While cooking, he was scraping the burnt residue off the bottom of the pot. 
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to submerge
to submerge
[глагол]

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

погружать

погружать

Ex: The diver executed a somersault before submerging into the clear blue pool. 
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to grind
to grind
[глагол]

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

измельчать

измельчать

Ex: She had to grind the coffee beans before brewing her morning coffee. 
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to pulverize
to pulverize
[глагол]

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

измельчать, дробить

измельчать, дробить

Ex: The machine was able to pulverize rocks into gravel for construction purposes. 
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to dampen
to dampen
[глагол]

to make something slightly wet or moist

увлажнять, слегка мочить

увлажнять, слегка мочить

Ex: She dampened the cloth before wiping the surface. 
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to drench
to drench
[глагол]

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

промочить, залить

промочить, залить

Ex: The sudden rainstorm drenched us as we hurried home. 
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to nourish
to nourish
[глагол]

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

питать

питать

Ex: Farmers work hard to nourish their crops with the right balance of water and nutrients. 
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to taint
to taint
[глагол]

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

заражать, загрязнять

заражать, загрязнять

Ex: The outbreak taints the water supply with harmful bacteria. 
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to collide
to collide
[глагол]

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

сталкиваться

сталкиваться

Ex: The two cars collided at the intersection, resulting in a minor accident. 
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to clog
to clog
[глагол]

to make it so that nothing can move through something

засорять

засорять

Ex: After the heavy rain, leaves and debris tended to clog the gutters. 
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to penetrate
to penetrate
[глагол]

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

проникать, проходить

проникать, проходить

Ex: The bullet was designed to penetrate armor for increased effectiveness. 
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to graze
to graze
[глагол]

to lightly touch or brush against something, often causing a slight scratch or mark

задевать, царапать

задевать, царапать

Ex: The cat's claws grazed my arm as it jumped off the chair. 
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to burst
to burst
[глагол]

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

лопаться

лопаться

Ex: The balloon burst with a loud pop, startling everyone. 
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to fracture
to fracture
[глагол]

to break physically into pieces, often suddenly or violently

ломать

ломать

Ex: The mirror fell to the ground and fractured into countless shards. 
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to rupture
to rupture
[глагол]

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

разорваться

разорваться

Ex: The aging water pipe finally ruptured, causing a water leak in the basement. 
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to cleave
to cleave
[глагол]

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

рассекать, разрезать

рассекать, разрезать

Ex: The chef deftly cleaved the meat with a sharp knife for precise portions. 
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to dismantle
to dismantle
[глагол]

to take apart or destroy a structure or object

разбирать, демонтировать

разбирать, демонтировать

Ex: The old factory was dismantled to make way for a new commercial development. 
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to unscrew
to unscrew
[глагол]

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

откручивать, вывинчивать

откручивать, вывинчивать

Ex: He unscrewed the lid of the jar to open it. 
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to shatter
to shatter
[глагол]

to break suddenly into several pieces

разбивать

разбивать

Ex: The glass shatters into fragments as it falls to the ground. 
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to collapse
to collapse
[глагол]

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

рушиться

рушиться

Ex: The old building collapsed after years of neglect and structural decay. 
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to demolish
to demolish
[глагол]

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

сносить

сносить

Ex: The old factory was demolished to make way for a new development. 
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soot
soot
[существительное]

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

сажа, копоть

сажа, копоть

Ex: The old fireplace emitted a cloud of soot, leaving dark stains on the surrounding walls. 
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exterior
exterior
[существительное]

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

внешняя сторона

внешняя сторона

Ex: The mug’s glossy exterior was decorated with colorful patterns. 
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immersion
immersion
[существительное]

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

погружение, иммерсия

погружение, иммерсия

Ex: He enjoyed the immersion in the warm bath after a long day's work. 
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emission
emission
[существительное]

the release of gas, radiation, or other substances into the air or environment

испускание

испускание

Ex: The car produces less emission than older models. 
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inscription
inscription
[существительное]

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

надпись, гравировка

надпись, гравировка

Ex: The inscription on the ancient stone tablet provided clues about the civilization's language and customs. 
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particle
particle
[существительное]

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

частица, зерно

частица, зерно

Ex: Scientists study the behavior of particles in particle physics to understand the fundamental forces of nature. 
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blaze
blaze
[существительное]

a strong, bright flame or fire

пламя, яркое пламя

пламя, яркое пламя

Ex: The firefighters struggled to control the raging blaze. 
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slat
slat
[существительное]

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

планка, рейка

планка, рейка

Ex: The fence was built using sturdy wooden slats to provide privacy. 
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enclosure
enclosure
[существительное]

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

вольер, ограждение

вольер, ограждение

Ex: The zoo's tiger enclosure provided a safe habitat for the animals to roam. 
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recess
recess
[существительное]

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface

углубление, ниша

углубление, ниша

Ex: The children hid their toys in the recess of the wall, where no one would find them. 
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alcove
alcove
[существительное]

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

ниша

ниша

Ex: The library had a cozy alcove with built-in bookshelves, perfect for curling up with a good book. 
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dent
dent
[существительное]

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

вмятина, выбоина

вмятина, выбоина

Ex: The car door had a noticeable dent from where it had been hit by a shopping cart. 
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rim
rim
[существительное]

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

край, обод

край, обод

Ex: She admired the intricate design on the rim of the antique porcelain bowl. 
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socket
socket
[существительное]

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

гнездо, разъём

гнездо, разъём

Ex: The mechanic used a socket wrench to tighten the bolts on the car engine. 
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ridge
ridge
[существительное]

a long, elevated strip or crest of land, rock, or geological formation that extends prominently above its surroundings

гребень, хребет

гребень, хребет

Ex: The Appalachian Mountains feature several scenic ridges that offer stunning views of the valleys below. 
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groove
groove
[существительное]

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

паз, желобок

паз, желобок

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curbside
curbside
[существительное]

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

обочина, край тротуара

обочина, край тротуара

Ex: He waited at the curbside for the taxi to arrive. 
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slab
slab
[существительное]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

плита, пластина

плита, пластина

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abrasion
abrasion
[существительное]

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

абразия, истирание

абразия, истирание

Ex: The river's swift currents caused abrasion on the rocks, shaping them into smooth pebbles. 
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friction
friction
[существительное]

the resistance or opposing force encountered when one object moves in contact with another

трение

трение

Ex: Friction between the wheels and the road slows the car down. 
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trench
trench
[существительное]

a deep, narrow, steep-sided depression on the ocean floor

желоб, океанический ров

желоб, океанический ров

Ex: The Mariana Trench is the deepest known part of the ocean. 
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varnish
varnish
[существительное]

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

лак, покрытие

лак, покрытие

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void
void
[существительное]

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

пустота, полость

пустота, полость

Ex: The cave explorers discovered a vast void deep within the mountain. 
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vacuum
vacuum
[существительное]

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

вакуум

вакуум

Ex: In physics, a vacuum is defined as a space devoid of any matter particles, including atoms and molecules. 
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airborne
airborne
[прилагательное]

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

переносимый по воздуху, воздушный

переносимый по воздуху, воздушный

Ex: The pollen from the flowers became airborne and triggered allergies for many people. 
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dingy
dingy
[прилагательное]

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

грязный

грязный

Ex: The old apartment had a dingy carpet that hadn't been cleaned in years. 
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